Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Carbon starvation of Mycobacterium abscessus induces a non-replicating state with extensive proteomic remodeling

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium abscessus ( Mab ) is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause chronic, debilitating lung disease. Mab is intrinsically resistant to most antibiotics, making Mab infections challenging to manage and frequently incurable. During infection, Mab adapts to survi...

Quantum Information Harvesting with the Parallel Quantum Flow Algorithm

Abstract The quantum flow (QFlow) algorithm provides a resource-efficient framework for describing correlated many-body systems on hybrid quantum-classical architectures. By enabling the parallel utilization of quantum and classical resources, QFlow offers a scalable pathway towa...

The Cold-Air Outbreaks in the Marine Boundary Layer Experiment model-observation intercomparison project (COMBLE-MIP) – Part 1: Model specification, observational constraints, and preliminary findings

Models struggle to represent the coupled microphysical, turbulent and radiative processes within widespread, long-lived marine cold-air outbreak (CAO) cloud fields, contributing to forecast and climate biases. Here we combine ground-based and satellite measurements to initialize...

Construction and characterisation of the DarkSide-20k veto silicon photo-multiplier tiles

Abstract Silicon photo-multipliers (SiPMs) are state-of-the-art sensors capable of detecting a single photoelectron under cryogenic conditions, with potentially lower radioactivity than widely used photomultiplier tubes. The DarkSide-20k experiment, designed to perform direct dar...

Stabilizing PDE–ML coupled systems

A long-standing obstacle in the use of machine-learnt surrogates with larger PDE systems is the onset of instabilities when solved numerically. Efforts towards ameliorating these have mostly concentrated on improving the accuracy of the surrogates or imbuing them with additional...

Physics-informed learning of proprietary inverter models for grid dynamic studies

This paper develops a novel physics-informed neural ordinary differential equations-based framework to emulate the proprietary dynamics of the inverters — essential for improved accuracy in grid dynamic simulations. In current industry practice, the original equipment manufacture...

Characterization of prokaryotic communities in Guánica State dry forest caves using 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing

Prokaryotic diversity across four caves and a guano-enriched pond (mud) in Guánica State Dry Forest was characterized using 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing. Microbial profiling varies across the limestone rock formations and dry cave environment, revealing distinct sub...

Self‐Assembled Crystalline Peptoid Nanomaterials as Metal‐Free Enzyme Mimics for Enhanced Carbon Dioxide Hydration and Precipitation

ABSTRACT Inspired by recently discovered metal‐free carbonic anhydrases (CAs) and other natural enzymes that achieve efficient catalysis without metal cofactors, we herein report a sequence‐defined supramolecular peptoid platform that mimics metal‐free CAs and exhibits hydrolytic...

Scale-Up of Laminar Coflow Method for Selective Precipitation from Micro- to Millifluidics

Abstract The laminar coflow method (LCM) is a promising separation approach that allows selective precipitation of minerals from complex feedstocks. LCM offers unique process control, leading to high product purity and selectivity, but the method is in early stages of research wi...

Solvation thermodynamics revisited

Most chemical and biochemical reactions occur in solution; however, many details of the thermodynamics of solvation are not well understood, especially with regard to the role of energy and entropy in the solvation process. Currently, a prevailing view in the field is that the so...

Exploratory Measurements of Singly Substituted and Clumped Isotopologues in Iodate Using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

ABSTRACT Rationale Clumped isotope geochemistry can reveal the temperatures and chemical pathways at which molecules form, but it remains unexplored for most inorganic systems. Iodate (IO 3 − ) is central to ocean and atmospheric iodine cycling and to tracking radioactive iodine...

The Oil Well as the Mine of the Future: Toward In-Situ Coproduction of Critical Minerals and Hydrocarbons

Abstract The global demand for critical minerals and materials (CMM) is rapidly outpacing conventional supply chains. This Perspective presents a paradigm shift by demonstrating that mature U.S. sedimentary basins are not merely depleting fuel reservoirs but are vast, accessible...

Radon-induced backgrounds in the NEXT-100 experiment

A bstract The NEXT-100 detector at the LSC aims at the first competitive search for the 0 νββ decay using a high-pressure 136 Xe electroluminescent time projection chamber. The first low-background run of NEXT-100 at 3.95 bar has been devoted to the measurement of the radon-induc...

Utilizing 4D-STEM to characterize diffusion-induced grain boundary migration in Ni-Cr alloys

Abstract Alloy degradation poses a significant challenge to the safe and reliable performance of alloys in advanced energy systems. Ni-Cr alloys are quite durable in these aggressive conditions but can become susceptible to intergranular oxidation and cracking when subjected to h...

MemPrint: Constructing Program Memory Footprint Estimations using Statistical Methods from Sparsely Sampled Pin-based Memory Traces

Knowing the precise memory footprint of applications is necessary to optimize their memory behavior via compiler passes. However, obtaining the memory footprint of workloads is challenging. Tracking heap allocations using Valgrind’s Massif tool provides insufficient information,...

Faradaic and Non-Faradaic Spectral Induced Polarization Signatures of Copper and Graphite Mixtures: Disseminated Grain Versus Veinlet Mineral Structures

Summary Characterizing electronically conductive minerals with spectral induced polarization (SIP) has been a longstanding goal of mineral exploration. A more comprehensive understanding of how mineral texture (e.g. disseminated grain versus veinlet forms) and mineral type influe...

Unraveling Spatial Electrochemical Heterogeneity and Additive‐Mediated Regulation in Scale‐up Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Pouch‐Type Cells

ABSTRACT Scaling aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) to pouch‐type configurations amplifies electric‐field and Zn 2+ flux heterogeneities, causing non‐uniform Zn deposition. Here, β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) and Tween 80 (Tw80) are systematically investigated to decouple bulk transport...

Enhanced prediction of molecular properties using transfer learning on sigma profiles

Abstract The performance of machine learning techniques for the prediction of a wide range of molecular properties has seen rapid improvements in recent years due to developments in both molecular representations and deep learning modeling techniques. Sigma profiles, which are co...

Two Modes of Self‐Organizing Development of Extreme Rainfall‐Producing Storms in South China

Abstract The convective‐scale dynamics of extreme rainstorms on monsoon coasts (South China) remain poorly understood. This study uses the advanced coupled model WRF‐Chem‐MOSAIC for a 90‐hr, 3‐km simulation, reasonably capturing the thermodynamic conditions, inhomogeneous near‐su...

Modeling the potential impact of storage on the US power sector in a multisector dynamic context

The electric power sector is expected to grow in size, importance, and complexity around the world as economies expand and electric supply technologies and demand patterns evolve in significant ways. Newer, rapidly growing sectors could alter the temporal profile of electricity d...