Life Science Institute

Nuclear Wrinkles Result From Geometric Adaptations to Cellular and Nuclear Morphological Changes in Epithelial Cells

Mechanical cues influence cell behavior and fate and are frequently accompanied by changes in nuclear shape; however, how epithelial nuclei accommodate such deformations remains incompletely understood. In this article, we investigated the formation and regulation of nuclear wrin...

Cassini CDA observes compositional segregation of Enceladus’ ice grains from slow freezing and fragmentation of oceanic spray

Salt-rich ice particles, termed Type 3, are a major compositional group within Enceladus’ plume and Saturn’s E ring and are thought to represent frozen micrometer-sized aerosolized droplets of Enceladus’ salty subsurface ocean. Here, we present an analysis on the basis of ≈1000 m...

Five-country analysis of geographic and dietary drivers of gut microbiome composition and genomic variation

Abstract Human diet and lifestyle vary widely across cultures, shaping global diversity in gut microbiome composition and function. However, comparable cross-population studies have been limited by methodological heterogeneity. The Human Diets and Microbiome Initiative (THDMI) in...

A standardized field framework for integrated microbiological and geochemical sampling of deeply-sourced seeps across large-scale geological gradients

Accessing the deep subsurface biosphere remains a major challenge in Earth and planetary sciences. Drilling provides direct access but is costly, spatially restricted, and difficult to deploy at the scales required to investigate interactions between geological processes and micr...

Ultrahigh flow strength in shocked nanopolycrystalline diamond

Extreme pressures and temperatures create conditions that allow even hard and brittle materials to flow plastically. Despite extensive research, the limits of flow strength under such conditions remain uncertain, and the mechanisms driving deformation at the relevant stresses are...

Impact of Precision Sequence on Microphase Separation of Graft Copolymers Bearing Immiscible Polymer Chains: Alternating versus Random Architectures

Abstract Graft alternating copolymers bearing polystyrene (PS) and polylactide (PLA) graft chains were precisely synthesized via selective cyclopolymerization of a pendant-transformable divinyl monomer followed by postpolymerization modification for chain incorporation via a graf...

Single‐Vesicle Functional Nanophenotyping Reveals Heterogeneous PD‐L1 Accessibility in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer

The functional accessibility of membrane proteins is a fundamental determinant of biological activity but cannot be accurately inferred from protein abundance alone. Current extracellular vesicle (EV) analyses primarily quantify expression levels, providing limited information on...

Time-Dependent UV/Ozone Treatment Modulates Platelet Adhesion on Polystyrene and Cyclo-Olefin Polymer through Fibrinogen Orientation

Abstract UV/ozone (UVO) treatment is a versatile, solvent-free approach for modifying polymer surfaces in biomedical applications. Although its effects on RGD-dependent cell adhesion have been extensively studied, the mechanisms underlying non-RGD-dependent interactions, specific...

Molecular mechanism of calcium inhibition in viral channelrhodopsins

Abstract Viral channelrhodopsins (VCR1s) are giant-virus-encoded light-gated channels permeable to monovalent and divalent cations, including Na + and Ca 2+ ions, and inhibited by millimolar Ca 2+ concentrations. Here, we combine X-ray crystallography, time-resolved UV-vis spectr...

PEBP1 Regulates Ferroptosis in Acute Glaucoma: Targeted Therapy Using Engineered Exosomes

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, primarily driven by the progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) under pathological high intraocular pressure (ph-IOP). Despite the established role of ferroptosis in RGC degeneration, specific molecular...

Circadian temperature compensation is intrinsically linked with metabolism and redox signaling

Abstract Circadian rhythms are a universal property of organisms, and a defining property of these oscillators is the ability to maintain a precise period at different temperatures. Indeed, the discovery in the 1950s of this property, known as “temperature compensation,” was a wa...

Non‐Covalent PL, CD, and CPL Activation of Linear Aromatic Oligomers within Axially Chiral Aromatic Capsules

ABSTRACT Covalent functionalization is requisite to enhancing/inducing the luminescent and chiroptical properties of oligo‐aromatic compounds, owing to their rigid framework and strong aggregation characters. Here we report that linear aromatic oligomers display intense PL, CD, a...

The history of enzyme evolution embedded in metabolism.

Whereas phylogenetic reconstructions are a primary record of protein evolution, it is unknown whether the deep history of enzymes is encoded at higher levels of biological organization. Here, we demonstrate that the emergence and reuse history of enzymatic folds is embedded withi...

Age-Related Behavioral Changes Across the Adult Lifespan of a Cricket: A Longitudinal Analysis Using DeepLabCut

<title>Abstract</title> Aging in insects is characterized by progressive behavioral changes, including declines in locomotion, altered sleep, and disrupted circadian rhythms. The two-spotted cricket ( <italic>Gryllus bimaculatus</italic> ) is a useful model for behavioral senesce...

Supramolecular Polymerization and Morphological Transformation of Dynamic Helical Poly(Phenylacetylene)s via Chain‐End Host–Guest Interactions

ABSTRACT Integration of dynamic helical polymers with supramolecular polymerization offers a promising strategy for constructing adaptive hierarchical chiral materials. However, the transformation of molecular‐level conformational changes in dynamic helical polymers into structur...

Low InterfacialContact Resistance between Carbon-BasedGas Diffusion Layer and Sputter-Deposited Anatase TiO2

Abstract Reducing the interfacial contact resistance between separators and gas diffusion layers is critical for achieving high-power polymer-electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Stringent targets for contact resistance below 3.0 mΩ cm2 have been proposed; however, achieving such val...

Electrochemical Imaging of Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Sites at Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanosheets

Understanding spatial heterogeneity in catalytic activity is essential for designing efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts. In this study, scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) was employed to directly image local HER activity on transition metal dichal...

Scandium Doping and Coating for Improving O3‐NaNi 1/2 Mn 1/2 O 2 Electrode in Sodium Battery

ABSTRACT Scandium ion, Sc 3+ , was introduced into O3‐Na[Ni 1/2 Mn 1/2 ]O 2 either by bulk doping or by surface coating. We prepared O3‐type Na[(Ni II 1/2 Mn IV 1/2 ) 1‐ x Sc III x ]O 2 and Sc 2 O 3 ‐coated Na[Ni 1/2 Mn 1/2 ]O 2, and the resulting materials were systematically co...

The Search for Life Elsewhere: Avoiding Hype and Fostering Public Understanding

The search for life beyond Earth presents unique challenges for science communication due to its interdisciplinary nature, the potential for groundbreaking discoveries, and the inherent uncertainties involved. The Lorentz Center workshop Breaking News: We Found Extraterrestrial L...

Polymerization as a structuring strategy for hierarchical order and function

Abstract Polymerization has long been used as a tool for structural fixation: liquid or soft precursors are converted into solids. Recent advances in polymerization-based processing technologies have greatly expanded this role, now allowing complex external architectures to be in...