Leipzig University

Substrate-bound structures of yeast ALA synthase reveal protein dynamics initiating heme biosynthesis

Heme is an essential prosthetic group involved in multiple biological processes in nearly all organisms. Heme biosynthesis is initiated by the pyridoxal 5′-phosphate–dependent enzyme aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS). Mutations in ALAS cause multiple hematological diseases. Des...

Infection Prevention and Device Pocket Management in Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: Emerging Strategies

Abstract Purpose of Review Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection remains one of the most serious complications of device therapy, causing significant morbidity, mortality, healthcare utilization, and costs. Despite advances in device technology and preventive str...

TRAILS – a novel framework for time-height-resolved attribution of long-range transported wildfire smoke

Abstract. Accurately attributing long-range transported wildfire smoke to specific sources remains challenging, especially for elevated plumes. This study presents the TRAILS tool (Trajectory-based Identification of Lofted Smoke), which extends the automated air mass source attri...

Global Incidence of All-Cause Dementia

Importance Global dementia incidence estimates are limited by underrepresentation of low- and middle-income countries and heterogeneous analytic methods. Due to these limitations, true understanding of the global dementia landscape remains incomplete. Objective To identify dement...

Artificial Intelligence for Scientific Work: Ethics, Responsibility, and Practical Applications

Workshop held at the Leipzig University Library (more info here). Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming scientific research, but how can we use these technologies responsibly? This workshop goes beyond simply presenting AI tools and instead focuses on the ethical, legal, a...

Recurrence lacunarity of spatial data

Abstract Quantifying the structure and heterogeneity of complex spatial patterns remains a key challenge in spatial data analysis. Recurrence plots (RPs) offer a powerful method for visualizing the recurrent spatial patterns in such data. To quantify the structure of spatial recu...

Pregnancy establishment in cattle without embryonic interferon tau

In ruminants, embryonic interferon tau (IFNT) is widely considered the indispensable signal for maternal recognition of pregnancy, driving endometrial gene expression to prevent luteolysis. However, this canonical paradigm has never been directly tested using genomic loss-of-func...

Observational Validation of Boundary‐Layer Cloud Regimes in Arctic Cold Air Outbreaks

Abstract Arctic cold air outbreaks (CAOs) produce low‐level cloud patterns influencing the surface radiative balance. The stability parameter (boundary‐layer height over Monin‐Obukhov length) is theorized to distinguish shear‐driven roll convection from buoyancy‐driven cellular c...

Remote sensing and deep learning for standing dead-tree detection and mapping: a review of advances, challenges, and future directions

Standing dead trees are visible indicators of tree mortality and an important transitional component linking forest disturbance to future lying deadwood, habitat availability, and carbon storage. As drought, insect outbreaks, pathogens, and climate extremes intensify tree mortali...

Psychometric validation of the Portuguese version of the LKCS as a brief screening tool for chronic stress across the lifespan

Chronic stress is a major public health concern associated with adverse psychological, behavioral, and health outcomes across the lifespan. Reliable and brief screening instruments are essential for the early identification of individuals at risk and for the evaluation of stress-...

Prevalence and clinical impact of dento-alveolar foci in periprosthetic joint infections: a retrospective cohort study of 213 cases

Abstract Purpose Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication after total joint arthroplasty, leading to repeated revisions, substantial costs, and increased morbidity. Oral pathologies have been suggested as possible sources of hematogenous infection, however t...

What Makes Switzerland More Successful Economically Than Germany

Abstract Whilst industrial production in Germany has been falling since 2019, it continues to rise in Switzerland. The paper explores the macroeconomic reasons in a comparative approach. It finds that greater fiscal discipline and a more stability-oriented monetary policy in Swit...

Income sharing for common pool resources with uncertain productivity

Abstract We address the interconnected issues of externalities in the use of a natural common‐pool resource system and adverse effects of environmental uncertainty on risk‐averse resource users. We set up a simple analytical model and derive conditions such that insurance by mean...

Children from six cultures reliably help their peers—but in different ways

Helping others is an integral part of human sociality, but systematic cross-cultural comparisons of children’s helping behavior are rare. Existing work has mainly focused on interactions between adults and children, paying less attention to peer dynamics—which are more relevant i...

Code and data for Constraining Aerosol–Cloud Interactions via the Droplet–Aerosol Trends Discrepancy

This dataset and associated code are provided in support of the Science Advances paper “Constraining Aerosol–Cloud Interactions via the Droplet–Aerosol Trends Discrepancy” (Wang et al., 2026) and fulfill the Data and Materials Availability requirements of the publication. Abstrac...

Early prediction of severe morbidity after liver resection using serum albumin and ALBI-score in a mixed patient cohort

Abstract Background Early identification of patients at risk for severe morbidity after liver resection (LR) remains challenging. Serum albumin and albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) score reflect liver function, but their prognostic value in the immediate postoperative period is not well...

An Arctic climatology of particle number size distributions and cloud condensation nuclei during warm and moist intrusions

Abstract Recent studies indicate that warm and moist intrusions are significant sources of aerosols in the Arctic. Yet their contribution to different aerosol particle size modes, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), and droplet number concentrations ( N d ) remains largely unconstra...

Conflict-Related Sexual Violence Against Males in Ukraine—First Insights on Forms, Perpetrator Characteristics, and (Non)disclosure

Background: The ongoing war in Ukraine, escalating in February 2022, has caused widespread human suffering, including displacement, civilian and military casualties, and systematic human rights violations. While conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) is often framed as affecting...

MapAnything: Evaluating Monocular Metric Depth Models for 3D Urban Asset Localization

City administrations increasingly rely on comprehensive databases and digital twins of city assets, such as traffic signs and trees, as well as incidents such as graffiti or road damage, to maintain an effective overview of urban conditions. Digitization has increased the demand...

Lithium chloride in vitro treatment shows potential to rescue the neuronal phenotype caused by WDFY3 haploinsufficiency

We provide a comprehensive phenotypic characterization of loss-of-function (LoF) variants in WDFY3 based on the largest cohort reported to date (n = 32). Our findings define a monogenic disorder marked by neuropsychiatric features (including autism and ADHD), mild to moderate neu...