Iran University of Medical Sciences

Renal resistive index and serum creatinine changes in icu patients receiving vasopressor therapy: a prospective cohort study

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in critically ill patients receiving vasopressor therapy. Serum creatinine, the standard biomarker for AKI, rises relatively late and is influenced by several non-renal factors. The renal resistive index (RRI), measured by Dopple...

Functional resonance analysis method and monte carlo simulation: evaluating performance variability in a socio-technical direct reduction iron plant

Direct Reduction Iron (DRI) units are complex socio-technical systems where traditional failure-centric risk models often fail to capture emergent behaviors. This study aims to develop an integrated resilience-based framework to quantify performance variability and identify criti...

The dietary inflammatory index and its associations with sleep, mental health, quality of life and aggressive behavior in Iranian female adolescents

The relationship between the inflammatory potential of foods and sleep, mental health, quality of life and aggressive behaviors is not well understood in Iranian female adolescents. We aimed to address this since there is a high prevalence of these factors in this population. In...

Trends (2014–2023), forecasting (2024–2026), and risk factors of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Iran: a negative binomial time-series generalized linear model

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) remains a major challenge for achieving the End TB Strategy. This study aimed to examine temporal trends of DR-TB in Iran, identify demographic and clinical risk factors, and forecast future incidence to support public health planning. A time s...

Advances in regenerative medicine and their impact on cancer therapy and tumor microenvironment modulation

Regenerative medicine has emerged as a transformative field that can augment cancer therapy by leveraging stem cells, gene therapy, and tissue engineering to address limitations of conventional treatments. This review synthesizes recent advances in cell-based therapies, biomateri...

Barriers and facilitators of adolescents’ adherence to iron and vitamin D supplementation: a qualitative study

Abstract Background Iron and vitamin D deficiencies remain important public health concerns among adolescents. Despite the implementation of school-based supplementation programs in Iran, adherence to supplement use remains suboptimal. This study explored school health profession...

Intermittent fasting in diabetic retinopathy: microbiome modulation, mechanisms, and clinical insights.

Intermittent fasting, a nonpharmacological approach, shows promise for controlling diabetic retinopathy but lacks concrete human evidence directly associating intermittent fasting with eye responses. This review highlights preclinical research insights about intermittent fasting...

Brain MRI Changes Following Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review

Abstract Study Objectives Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with structural, microstructural, functional, vascular, and metabolic brain alterations. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the first-line treatment for OSA, but whether OSA-related abnormalities on...

Ajwain Essential Oil-loaded chitosan nanoparticle hydrogel with antibacterial activity: experimental evaluation and molecular docking analysis

Ajwain ( Trachyspermum ammi ) essential oil (EO) possesses well-known antimicrobial properties; however, its high volatility and chemical instability limit its therapeutic applications. In the present study, Ajwain EO was nanoencapsulated within chitosan nanoparticles and subsequ...

Associations between physical activity levels and socioeconomic and occupational factors among a large workforce population: insights from an employee health cohort study

Abstract Background Physical inactivity is a growing concern among working populations, with implications for health and productivity. Unlike most previous studies, this research draws on large-scale cohort data from Iranian employees to examine the associations with socioeconomi...

Circular RNAs as regulators of epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in gliomas from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental biological process that drives glioma invasion, therapeutic resistance, and malignant progression. Recent evidence highlights circular RNAs (circRNAs) as pivotal post-transcriptional regulators that orchestrate EMT through...

A comparative study of maternal and umbilical cord iron indices in term infants born after fetal growth restriction and appropriate-for-gestational-age infants

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) may compromise fetal iron accretion through placental dysfunction and increased erythropoietic demand. This study compared maternal and umbilical cord iron indices between term infants born after FGR and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants...

A brucellosis-associated vasculopathy presenting with focal neurological deficit: a case report in a pediatric patient with unique imaging

Brucellosis is the most prevalent bacterial zoonosis worldwide. While neurobrucellosis occurs in 5–7% of the affected adults, it is a rare pediatric complication, with an estimated incidence of 0.8%. Limited knowledge of its presentations, diagnosis, and management leads to a sig...

Antileishmanial effects of extract, fractions and essential oil from aerial parts of Zataria multiflora Boiss

Leishmaniasis, an endemic disease in approximately 100 countries, has different manifestations from skin lesions to visceral infections leading to death. There is currently no effective vaccine for leishmaniasis and the common drugs are expensive and have adverse side effects; al...

Formulation and characterization of ginsenoside Rh2-loaded casein nanoparticles for enhanced radioprotection

Ionizing radiation poses a significant threat to human health and necessitates the development of effective radioprotective agents. In this study, the radioprotective efficacy of ginsenoside Rh2-loaded casein nanoparticles (Rh2-CNPs) was synthesized and evaluated. The Rh2-CNPs we...

Ureteral diameter ratio cut-off for risk stratification of recurrent urinary tract infection and clinical outcomes in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux: a retrospective cohort study

Ureteral diameter ratio (UDR) has recently emerged as an objective imaging parameter that may complement the conventional vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) grading system. This study investigated the association between UDR, recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), and clinical outco...

A comprehensive look at Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): from pathogenesis to prevention

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a formidable respiratory pathogen that particularly affects infants and children. RSV presents with diverse clinical severity, most often causing mild upper airway symptoms but sometimes progressing to severe and potentially fatal lower respir...

Atlantoaxial dislocation in a patient with Neurofibromatosis type 1: Case report and review

Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) or von Recklinghausen’s disease is a complex multi-system genetic disorder characterized by neurocutaneous manifestations, nervous system affection, and various skeletal dysplasia. Rarely, this disorder might be associated with atlantoax...

Prognostic factors of synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

Accurate identification of prognostic factors at the time of diagnosis in patients with synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancers (SEOC) is critical for guiding aggressive treatment strategies and intensive post-treatment surveillance. However, existing studies have reported in...

Spatial patterns and factors associated with suicide death among individuals with suicide attempts in northern Iran

Suicide is a major global health concern causing over 720,000 annual deaths, with most occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Official reports in Iran demonstrate increasing and regionally varied patterns, with distinctly elevated risk levels observed in certain province....