Heidelberg University

Tracking the baryon number with nuclear collisions

Baryon quantum number is found to be conserved since baryogenesis in the early Universe. Conventionally, each fractionally charged valence quark is understood to carry one-third of a baryon number. An alternative hypothesis posits that baryon number is instead carried by a baryon...

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on 30-Day Readmission Rates After Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair and Open Repair

AIM: Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and open aneurysm repair (OAR) are established treatments for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This meta-analysis evaluated 30-day readmission, patient characteristics, postoperative complications, and length of stay after EVAR and OAR, an...

Ipsilateral inhibitory rTMS restores interhemispheric motor cortex balance and reduces phantom limb pain: an exploratory longitudinal nTMS mapping study

Abstract Background Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a debilitating condition associated with maladaptive neuroplastic changes following limb amputation. The prevailing neuromodulatory approach targets the deafferented contralateral motor cortex, yet interhemispheric imbalance is incre...

The parameter estimation tables (PEtab) format version 2

Abstract Parameter estimation is a central task in data-driven computational modeling, and a clear, unambiguous, and commonly understood specification of parameter estimation problems is essential for reproducibility and interoperability. PEtab provides a standardized framework f...

Implementation barriers, facilitators, and fidelity of a mobile money-based savings tool for pregnant women in the Analamanga region of Madagascar: an ex-post process evaluation

Abstract Background Mobile payment services could improve access to obstetric care by easing saving, raising revenue, and pooling resources. Between 2019 and 2022, a mobile money-based savings tool for obstetric care was implemented in the Analamanga region of Madagascar followin...

Subgroup variations in effectiveness of femoropopliteal sirolimus versus paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty: post hoc results of the randomised SIRONA trial

INTRODUCTION: The randomised SIRONA trial showed that sirolimus-coated balloon (SCB) angioplasty was non-inferior to paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty (PCB) regarding femoropopliteal primary patency. There was no difference in clinically driven target lesion revascularisation...

Thalamocortical bursts encode reward contingencies and drive associative learning

Abstract Learning requires adaptive changes in neuronal circuits, but how neurons encode learning content in their activity patterns to construct memories remains poorly understood. Using longitudinal multi-site recordings in freely moving male mice performing a sensory discrimin...

Prospective analysis of pre-diagnostic untargeted plasma metabolomics and risk of triple-negative breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 10–15% of newly diagnosed breast cancer, and its aetiology is poorly understood compared to other breast cancer subtypes. We applied untargeted metabolomics to identify novel biological pathways associated with TNBC risk and poten...

Conservative and surgical treatment of wrist osteoarthritis: a systematic review

INTRODUCTION: Wrist osteoarthritis leads to pain and functional impairment. Despite conservative treatment options, surgery remains a central therapeutic component. In Germany, the number of patients rose from over 472,000 cases in 2018 to more than 580,000 in 2024. This review e...

Technical note: reconstructing dose distributions from manually planned electron boosts in breast radiotherapy

Purpose In breast radiotherapy, delivery of manually-calculated electron boosts limits retrospective dose–response analyses as dose distribution is unavailable. This work evaluates the feasibility of reconstructing dose distributions from manually planned electron boosts in breas...

Rab4b controls hepatic glucose production during fasting through glycophagy

Abstract Hepatic glucose production, essential for maintaining glycemia, is often altered in metabolic-associated fatty liver and glycogen storage diseases. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that regulate the glucose production by hepatocyte is pivotal. Recent studies have...

Logarithmic prismatic cohomology, motivic sheaves, and comparison theorems

Abstract We prove that (logarithmic) prismatic and (logarithmic) syntomic cohomology are representable in the category of logarithmic motives. As an application, we obtain Gysin maps for prismatic and syntomic cohomology, and we explicitly identify their cofibers. We also prove a...

Durable clinical and immunologic response to an off-the-shelf EWSR1–FLI1 peptide vaccine in metastatic Ewing sarcoma

Abstract Ewing sarcoma is a rare, fusion-driven malignancy with poor prognosis in the metastatic setting, for which no established immunotherapeutic treatment is currently available. Fusion breakpoints are rational precision immunotherapy targets, yet clinical evidence of immunog...

External validation of a top-ranked model from the RSNA pulmonary embolism detection challenge: assessment of generalizability

Abstract To externally validate the RSNA 2020 challenge 2 nd -place deep-learning (DL) algorithm for detecting pulmonary embolism (PE) on computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) scans with additional focus on subsegmental-only PEs (SSPE). Between 2015 and 2022 1,038 CTPA...

Caregiver-reported experience of integrated care for children with special health care needs and its sociodemographic, health- and network-related correlates in Germany: Cross-sectional results from the PART-CHILD cohort

Abstract Background Children with special health care needs (CSHCN) often rely on cross-sectoral care networks involving medical, therapeutic, educational, and social services. However, key dimensions of integrated care, including cross-sectoral communication and attention to fam...

Mapping gendered ageism in health care: concepts, contexts, and gaps

While ageism and sexism are increasingly acknowledged as critical determinants of health and health care, the concept of “gendered ageism” remains under-theorised and empirically underdeveloped, with notable gaps in conceptual clarity and engagement with how age and gender co-con...

Reduction of postoperative care unit observation time following carotid endarterectomy: a targeted approach

To evaluate the safety and feasibility of reducing the postoperative care unit (POCU) observation period from four hours to two hours following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for asymptomatic, high grade carotid stenosis. Monocentric, retrospective-prospective observational cohort...

Maternal sensitivity supports infant sleep: evidence from two longitudinal prospective cohorts on maternal childhood maltreatment, maternal sensitivity, and infant sleep

Maternal childhood maltreatment (CM) has been linked to adverse outcomes in the next generation, including infant sleep, which is crucial for healthy development. This study examined whether maternal sensitivity buffered these effects in 101 German and 117 U.S. mother-infant dyad...

Procalcitonin as a predictor of length of stay in patients with odontogenic infections

OBJECTIVES: Our study aimed to evaluate procalcitonin (PCT) as a prognostic marker in advanced odontogenic infections. In addition, we sought to identify further prognostic markers that could be used to predict the length of hospital stay (LOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospe...

Early refractive stability and predictive accuracy of a novel hydrophobic C-loop monofocal intraocular lens in eyes with normal axial length

This study aimed to evaluate the early postoperative refractive stabilization pattern and time course associated with a novel hydrophobic C-loop monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) following phacoemulsification cataract surgery. This retrospective study evaluated patients who underw...