Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)

Conditional deep generative modeling of blood-based infrared spectra enables controlled in-silico phenotyping studies

Abstract Infrared molecular fingerprinting of blood offers a scalable, minimally invasive window into human physiology, but limited follow-up, imbalanced cohorts, and restricted access to diverse phenotypes constrain systematic studies. Here, we introduce a conditional deep gener...

Validation of cloud macrophysical properties from the ATLID Level 2a products A-TC, A-FM, A-CTH using airborne lidar observations during the HALO missions PERCUSION, ASCCI and NAWDIC

The Earth Cloud, Aerosol, and Radiation Explors (EarthCARE) satellite mission aims to improve our understanding of cloud–aerosol–radiation interactions in the Earth's climate system. Its Atmospheric Lidar (ATLID) instrument aboard EarthCARE provides important observational data f...

Orthostatic Hypertension: Clinical Spectrum and Gaps in Knowledge

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Orthostatic hypertension (oHT) is increasingly recognized as a clinically relevant but poorly understood disorder of autonomic blood pressure control. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the clinical spectrum and pathophysiology of oHT, e...

An innovative two-step catalytic process for the conversion of kraft lignin to biofuels

Valorisation of lignins to biofuels and biobased chemicals is of high interest to stimulate the necessary transition from a fossil-based to a biobased economy. This study presents the experimental validation of the ABC-Salt process for the conversion of a Kraft lignin (Lignoboost...

Aseismic Slip Along the Evaporite‐Rich Strike‐Slip Katouna‐Stamna Fault in Greece

Abstract Aseismic slip has been observed on many active faults globally, but its controlling mechanisms remain unclear. This study focuses on the NW‐striking, left‐lateral Katouna‐Stamna Fault in Western Greece. We use InSAR surface deformation measurements to confirm the presenc...

Sparse quantum state preparation with improved Toffoli cost

The preparation of quantum states is one of the most fundamental tasks in quantum computing, and a key primitive in many quantum algorithms. Of particular interest to areas such as quantum simulation and linear-system solvers are sparse quantum states, which contain only a small...

Elastic-plastic flexure and heat flux on icy moons

Investigating ice shell flexure observed in elevation data provides one of the few ways to infer the ice shell structure and the thermal evolution of icy moons. Most previous work have relied on the classical elastic plate model to fit observations and infer the elastic thickness...

Upward transport and segregation of ice-nucleating particles in deep convective clouds

Abstract. Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) play a crucial role in Earth’s weather and climate by influencing cloud properties and precipitation. However, their abundance in the free troposphere, vertical distribution, and transport mechanisms are not well-characterized. This study...

Reference datasets of primary rocket engine emissions for global launch inventories

Abstract Research on the radiative forcing and climate impact of emissions from the space transportation sector remains in its early stages. A critical component of advancing this field is the development of accurate global emission inventories, which depend fundamentally on the...

Discrete Riccati and Comparison Approaches to Oscillation of Second-Order Advanced Difference Equations with Multiple Deviating Arguments

In this work, we develop, from first principles, a discrete oscillation theory for second-order nonlinear advanced difference equations with several deviating arguments, Δr(n)(Δy(n))α+∑i=1mqi(n)Fy(σi(n))=0,σi(n)≥n, studied under the canonical condition ∑s=n0∞r−1/α(s)=∞. This equa...

Evolution of dipole-dipole dynamics in cold ammonia collisions

Data for submission of "Evolution of dipole-dipole dynamics in cold ammonia collisions" Authors: Yao Chang1, Andr´e J.A. van Roij1, Stach Kuijpers1, Sven Herbers, Etienne F. Walraven1,Tijs Karman1∗∗, Sebastiaan Y.T. van de Meerakker1∗∗1Radboud University, Institute for Molecules...

MEmilio: a high performance Modular EpideMIcs simuLatIOn software for multi-scale and comparative simulations of infectious disease dynamics

Abstract Epidemic and pandemic preparedness with rapid outbreak response rely on timely, trustworthy evidence. Mathematical models are crucial for supporting timely and reliable evidence generation for public health decision-making with models spanning approaches from compartment...

Post launch spectral and radiometric performances of MAJIS, the VIS-NIR imaging spectrometer of JUICE

Abstract. The post-launch spectral and radiometric performances of MAJIS, the VISNIR imaging spectrometer of the ESA Jupiter Icy Moon Explorer (JUICE), have been evaluated using observations performed during the Lunar-Earth Gravitational Assist (LEGA) of 19–20 August 2024 and obs...

A mathematical justification to apply the secular approximation to the Redfield equation

Abstract Quantum master equations are widely used to describe the dynamics of open quantum systems. All these different master equations rely on specific approximations that may or may not be justified. Starting from a microscopic model, applying the standard Born and Markov appr...

Impact of South American biomass burning emissions on elevated South Atlantic upper tropospheric ozone

Abstract. During the SOUTHTRAC mission in autumn 2019 elevated mixing ratios of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide CO2, nitrogen oxide (NO) and total reactive nitrogen NOy were observed during a flight at the beginning of October. The potential plume extended over more than 100...

Methodology for the evaluation of low-carbon fuels in power generation gas turbine applications

This paper introduces a novel methodology based on the Theory of Constraints (TOC) to evaluate the adoption potential of alternative fuels in gas turbine power plants. Unlike conventional multi-criteria decision-making approaches, this method identifies the single most critical c...

Data-driven equation discovery of a sea ice albedo parametrisation

Abstract. In many sea ice models, a single-category, zero layer thermodynamic scheme is employed, in which sea ice albedo is prescribed based on surface types depending on snow cover, surface temperature, or sea ice thickness. The Parkinson and Washington parametrisation (PW79) i...

Evaluating the functional requirements of novel insulation systems for liquid hydrogen storage tanks using quality function deployment

Beyond thermal performance, the long-term viability of novel cryogenic insulation technologies is contingent upon several factors, such as low cost, durability, minimal or no maintenance, among others. Therefore, finding the optimal insulation concept involves trade-offs among th...

An airborne in-situ dataset of cloud microphysical properties in supercooled large droplet icing conditions

Abstract. Detailed and comprehensive data sets on microphysical cloud properties in icing conditions are rare. In April 2023, fifteen research flights were performed with the SAFIRE ATR 42 research aircraft during the SENS4ICE-EU airborne measurement campaign over France and adja...

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of High-Pressure Stoichiometric Hydrogen-Oxygen Combustion In a Steam Atmosphere

Abstract The present work deals with the numerical and experimental investigation of a novel combustion system for the generation of superheated steam. This combustion system is based on the stoichiometric combustion of pure oxygen and hydrogen in an atmosphere of high-pressure,...