Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center

Supporting clinical guidelines for opioid conversion to methadone and tapering to prevent withdrawal in critically ill children using physiology based pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation

Long-term opioid use is common in critically ill children and can cause withdrawal symptoms at discontinuation. To avoid withdrawal, short-acting opioids are usually converted into a long-acting drug, such as methadone, which is then carefully tapered. However, the exact conversi...

Responding With Evidence and Access for Childhood Headaches ( REACH ) study: A comparative effectiveness trial of cognitive behavioral therapy monotherapy versus combined cognitive behavioral therapy–pharmacotherapy with amitriptyline for the prevention of childhood migraine—The study protocol

Migraine is one of the most common chronic health problems in children and adolescents, resulting in high levels of functional disability. Symptoms frequently persist into and impact the course of adulthood for affected individuals. Current practice recommendations include a comb...

Unveiling the Healthcare Journey of Patients with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome: From Birth to Adulthood

Objective While many studies view patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) through the lens of financial burden, an overall sense of the medical burden of these patients has rarely been reported. We sought to introduce a granular analysis of the medical burden of pati...

Infectious Adverse Events in Pediatric Paracorporeal Ventricular Assist Devices: An Analysis of the Advanced Cardiac Therapies Improving Outcomes Network (ACTION) Registry

Infectious adverse events (IAEs) are common in children supported with paracorporeal ventricular assist devices (VADs). This study aimed to identify risk factors for IAEs from the Advanced Cardiac Therapy Improving Outcomes Network (ACTION) registry. We conducted a retrospective...

Household Food and Nutrition Security Among Publicly Insured Families of Hospitalized Children

OBJECTIVE: To characterize household food and nutrition security among families during hospitalization and examine associations with government benefits and neighborhood conditions. We hypothesized Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) or S...

Machine Learning Guided Discovery of Microbiome Metabolites That Inhibit HDAC

Abstract Histone deacetylase (HDAC) is a family of key epigenetic regulator implicated in inflammation, metabolism, and cancer. Microbiome metabolites can modulate host histone acetylation, yet systematic identification of metabolites that target HDAC remains limited. Here we pre...

Precision diagnostics in pediatric bone tumors: practical considerations and practice updates

Pediatric bone tumors are increasingly sampled through image-guided biopsies. Evolution of molecular and diagnostic adjuncts have enabled diagnosis of these challenging lesions with limited diagnostic tissue. Radiologic correlation remains critical in the evaluation of these lesi...

Health equity and unintentional pediatric cannabis ingestion

Abstract Background Unintentional pediatric cannabis ingestion has been rising following medical and recreational legalization. In this study, we aimed to examine the epidemiology of pediatric cannabis ingestion following legalization and to assess the impact of demographic and s...

Global variability in cardiovascular care of pediatric cancer patients and survivors: survey results from the International Cardio Oncology Society (ICOS)

Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at elevated risk for cardiovascular disease due to cardiotoxic cancer therapies. Different international guidelines and recommendations for follow-up were published. However, global practices surrounding cardiovascular risk assessment, screeni...

Program Directors’ Varied Conceptions of Practice Readiness

BACKGROUND: Residency graduates must be "practice ready" by the time they leave training. This study explored how pediatric residency program directors view their role and responsibility in determining practice readiness and examined how characterizations of practice readiness di...

Care Models for the Genetic Evaluation of Dilated Cardiomyopathy at Sites of the DCM Consortium

Abstract Background Clinical genetic evaluation for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is minimally implemented and models of care are not defined. To understand current genetics care for DCM, a systematic needs assessment was conducted. Methods Principal Investigators (P...

Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated With Nirsevimab Receipt Among Children Aged Younger Than 20 Months in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network in 2023 to 2025

OBJECTIVES: We aim to evaluate the association of sociodemographic and clinical factors with nirsevimab receipt among children with medically attended acute respiratory illness (ARI) across multiple seasons and beyond birth hospitalization. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We included nirse...

Scope, Scholarship, Sustainability: Unpacking the Pediatric Hospitalist Workforce

As the landscape of pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) has evolved, the role of the hospitalist has become increasingly diverse. The broad scope of practice encompasses an assortment of clinical and nonclinical roles, with varied expectations in workloads, shift types, and adminis...

A rare and underrecognized complication of sickle cell disease in a pediatric patient: acute soft head syndrome

Acute soft head syndrome (ASHS) is an extremely rare and underrecognized complication of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), and limited awareness can lead to misdiagnosis as infection or trauma. We report the case of a 16-year-old male with hemoglobin SS (HbSS) SCD who presented to the e...

Videographic Assessment of Preintubation Checklist Use in Pediatric Emergency Departments: A NEAR4PEM Checklist Feasibility Study

OBJECTIVES: Cognitive aids are widely used in pediatric emergency departments (PEDs), yet real-world use is difficult to assess via self-report or the medical record. We used video review to assess whether (adoption) and how (fidelity) the NEAR4PEM Preintubation Checklist was use...

TRANCE is a unique marker of chronic pancreatitis in children

BACKGROUND Elucidating immune signals through well-defined cohorts of pediatric acute pancreatitis (AP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients is critical. This study aimed to evaluate plasma chemokine and cytokine levels in pediatric participants with CP, compared with AP and he...

Evaluation of a novel flexible, lightweight blanket-like torso coil in pediatric MRI at 1.5-T – initial experience

Abstract Background Conventional phased-array torso coils used for abdominal MRI are relatively heavy and inflexible, potentially affecting patient comfort and technologist workflow. Objective To compare image quality, patient experience, and technologist experience using a recen...

The clinical and molecular spectrum of AGO2-associated Lessel-Kreienkamp neurodevelopmental syndrome

Abstract Background Pathogenic variants in AGO2 ,encoding a central component of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), cause the neurodevelopmental disorder Lessel-Kreienkamp syndrome (LESKRES). The variant spectrum and associated molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic va...

Empiric MRSA Coverage for Children with Osteoarticular Infections: 2015 to 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Staphylococcus aureus is the most common causative pathogen for children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) and acute bacterial arthritis (ABA). National guidelines recommend empiric coverage for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) at hospita...

Continuous Publishing as Next Step in Continuous Improvement at Hospital Pediatrics

We are excited to announce that Hospital Pediatrics has moved to a continuous publishing model. What is continuous publishing? It is a relatively new model in which articles are published shortly after acceptance versus the historical model of publication occurring when space was...