Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center

The clinical and molecular spectrum of AGO2-associated Lessel-Kreienkamp neurodevelopmental syndrome

Abstract Background Pathogenic variants in AGO2 ,encoding a central component of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), cause the neurodevelopmental disorder Lessel-Kreienkamp syndrome (LESKRES). The variant spectrum and associated molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic va...

Evaluation of a novel flexible, lightweight blanket-like torso coil in pediatric MRI at 1.5-T – initial experience

Abstract Background Conventional phased-array torso coils used for abdominal MRI are relatively heavy and inflexible, potentially affecting patient comfort and technologist workflow. Objective To compare image quality, patient experience, and technologist experience using a recen...

Empiric MRSA Coverage for Children with Osteoarticular Infections: 2015 to 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Staphylococcus aureus is the most common causative pathogen for children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) and acute bacterial arthritis (ABA). National guidelines recommend empiric coverage for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) at hospita...

Variation in In-Hospital Emergency Transfer Rates Across Pediatric Hospitals

BACKGROUND: Clinical deterioration with late escalation, termed emergency transfer (ET), is a key safety metric. However, national benchmarking is limited by variable definitions. We sought to estimate pooled ET rates and assess variation across pediatric hospitals. METHODS: We p...

Continuous Publishing as Next Step in Continuous Improvement at Hospital Pediatrics

We are excited to announce that Hospital Pediatrics has moved to a continuous publishing model. What is continuous publishing? It is a relatively new model in which articles are published shortly after acceptance versus the historical model of publication occurring when space was...

Increasing Rate of Pott’s Puffy Tumor Hospitalizations Among US Children

BACKGROUND: Pott's puffy tumor is a rare complication of sinusitis characterized by osteomyelitis of the frontal bone with subperiosteal abscess, often with intracranial sequelae. Although complications of sinusitis increased after the pandemic, it is unclear whether rates of Pot...

Beyond ‘diagnostic error’: an ethnography of resilient behaviours and system adaptations in paediatric outpatient diagnosis

Background Improving paediatric diagnosis by addressing errors (Safety-I) is insufficient for diagnostic excellence. Resilience engineering’s approach to understanding adaptations to achieve success in everyday work may elucidate how individuals and systems manage diagnostic comp...

Prenatal therapies to improve outcomes in gastroschisis: a systematic scoping review protocol

INTRODUCTION: Gastroschisis is a congenital birth defect with a rising incidence. The herniation of intestines into the amniotic cavity leads to prenatal bowel injury, which contributes to significant postnatal morbidity and mortality. Current management focuses on postnatal inte...

Aortopulmonary Window or Patent Ductus Arteriosus? The Window Ductus

The ductal malformation known as a “Window Ductus” or “type B ductus” is a very rare congenital anomaly. The unique anatomy results in a diagnostic and surgical dilemma. It can easily be mistaken for a “typical” patent ductus arteriosus and approached via left thoracotomy. This c...

Preoperative embolization for glioblastoma surgery: A scoping review

Background: Preoperative embolization for glioblastoma (GBM) is a relatively uncommon procedure, and few studies have described its role as an adjunct to surgery. Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE via Ovid, and ScienceDirect were searched following the Preferred Reporting Items for Scopin...

Bridging Practice and Publication: Reexamining Quality Improvement in Pediatric Scholarship

Quality improvement (QI) publication rates in pediatrics surged through the early 21st century yet have noticeably plateaued since that time, a paradoxical shift given the volume of ongoing improvement work across pediatric health systems. We propose that the gap lies not in the...

Disparities in Hospital Length of Stay and Morbidity in Acute Care Pediatric Cardiology Patients

BACKGROUND Multicenter collaborative studies examining disparities in in-hospital outcomes are lacking in pediatric cardiology. We hypothesized that Black and Hispanic patients in pediatric acute care cardiology units (ACCUs) have increased length of stay (LOS) and complications...

HeartMate 3 in Pediatric and Complex Populations: Physiologic Rationale, Patient Selection, and Management Strategies

The HeartMate 3 (HM3) left ventricular assist device (LVAD), initially designed for adults, is increasingly utilized in children, small adults, and those with congenital heart disease (CHD), necessitating expanded knowledge and collaborative efforts. This review highlights key ph...

Caregiver Perspectives on Implementation of Discharge Plans for Children With Medical Complexity

OBJECTIVE The quality of discharge processes impacts adverse outcomes post hospitalization for children with medical complexity (CMC). Perspectives of caregivers at risk for communication challenges (eg, non-English speakers, those with limited health literacy, immigrants) on und...

Joint profiling of immune-endothelial cells in sepsis: promise, pitfalls, and the path forward

Sepsis can result in organ dysfunction and death through the convergence of immune dysregulation and microvascular endothelial injury.1,2 Although the host immune response is routinely profiled among critically ill patients,3 the endothelium has escaped the same scrutiny because...

The Evolution of Proximal Femur Hemiepiphysiodesis in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Hip displacement is a common and progressive musculoskeletal complication in children with cerebral palsy (CP), often driven by coxa valga, muscle imbalance, and spasticity. While proximal femoral and pelvic osteotomies remain the standard treatment for advanced deformity, proxim...

The role of CYP3A-CYP2E1 interactions in activation of CYP3A enzymes by chronic alcohol exposure

To examine the effect of chronic alcohol exposure on the activity of CYP3A enzymes in human liver, we studied the metabolism of CYP3A-specific substrates 7-benzyloxyquinoline (7-BQ) and ivermectin in 23 preparations of human liver microsomes (HLM) obtained from donors with docume...

Opportunities for Pediatricians to Address Racism and Bias to Reduce Racial Disparities in Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk: Policy Statement

Pediatricians play an essential role in breastfeeding care and are uniquely positioned to help reduce racial disparities in breastfeeding. Evidence-based solutions include partnerships between pediatricians and community health workers, implementation of culturally centered hospi...

Pulmonary Hypoplasia

Pulmonary hypoplasia is a rare but clinically significant congenital disorder characterized by impaired fetal lung development, leading to impaired growth and maturation of lung parenchyma and pulmonary vasculature. Stemming from a diverse group of underlying etiologies including...

From Structure to Function: Clinical Utility of Advanced Pulmonary Imaging in Infants

Neonatal lung disease is characterized by heterogeneous structural and functional abnormalities that may be missed by global clinical measures alone. Although chest radiography remains a routine neonatal intensive care unit imaging tool, advances in pulmonary imaging now enable s...