Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Green manure species composition differentially regulates soil N₂O emissions and their environmental drivers in subtropical tea plantations

Green manure intercropping is widely advocated for improving soil fertility in perennial cropping systems, yet its effects on soil N₂O emissions remain poorly quantified in tea plantations. This study assessed N₂O fluxes under three intercropping regimes, i.e., no intercropping (...

Physical, Volatile, and Flavour Precursor Changes in Faba Bean During Rhizopus oryzae Fermentation

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is increasingly recognised as a nutritious and sustainable food ingredient, although its characteristic beany and green odours can limit consumer acceptance. Fermentation offers a potential strategy to modify the sensory and functional properties of legu...

YOLO26-USW: A Slice-Aided Semantic–Detail Fusion Detector for Small Insects in High-Resolution Agricultural Light-Trap Images

Detecting small insects in high-resolution agricultural light-trap images is difficult because resizing obscures fine morphology and densely distributed insects often appear similar. We developed YOLO26-USW using PVTv2-B1-based UNet-PVT feature enhancement, the Semantic–Detail Fu...

Dose-Dependent Preservation of Highland Barley Flour Storage Quality by Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide: Evidence from 240-Day Storage Monitoring and Untargeted Lipidomics

Highland barley (hulless barley, Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum) flour is a nutritionally dense staple of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, but its high contents of unsaturated lipids and active endogenous enzymes render it highly susceptible to storage deterioration. Natural polysacchar...

Multi-omics insights into linalool-mediated modulation of microbial metabolism during cigar tobacco solid-state fermentation

Mold contamination in solid-state fermentation (SSF) severely compromises product stability and safety, leading to spoilage and off-flavor formation. Although synthetic preservatives are used, they often induce ecological instability and residual risks, prompting a shift toward n...

AR: An Artificial Intelligence‐Driven Fluorescent Reporter System for Gene Editing Evaluation

ABSTRACT Accurate and scalable evaluation of gene‐editing efficiency is crucial for the development of novel editing tools. However, conventional methods are laborious, costly, and low‐throughput. Here, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI)‐driven fluorescent reporter (AR)...

Integrated Genetic Mapping, Transcriptomic, and Small RNA Analysis of Fruit Bitterness in Melon

Melon fruit bitterness, mainly caused by cucurbitacin B (CuB), is a major quality defect that reduces consumer acceptance and market value. However, the genetic and regulatory mechanisms underlying fruit bitterness remain largely unclear. In this study, two thin-skinned melon inb...

Odorant Receptors Mediating Benzaldehyde Detection in Mythimna separata: Functional Identification and Ligand Selectivity

Benzaldehyde (BA) is a ubiquitous aromatic volatile produced by both plants and insects. In Mythimna separata, it also serves as a male-emitted pheromonal signal that mediates male–male competition by antagonizing the pheromone receptor MsepPR3 and disrupting the perception of th...

A sustained‐release fludioxonil/Metalaxyl‐M delivery system for root‐zone protection against soybean root rot

Abstract BACKGROUND Soybean root rot occurs throughout soybean growth, yet traditional fungicide formulations may provide insufficient persistence for full‐cycle control. The contrasting soil behavior of fludioxonil and metalaxyl‐M further limits their coordinated release, retent...

A single-cell profile of the porcine immune repertoire: concurrent profiling of T cell receptor and B cell receptor V(D)J sequences in health

Adaptive immune diversity is shaped by the complex organization of T cell receptor (TCR) and B cell receptor (BCR) repertoires across tissues. However, a systematic cross-tissue immune repertoire profiling in healthy pigs is still lacking. In this study, we used 3 14-day-old Duro...

A GacS-mediated regulatory framework coordinates bacterial competition and rhizosphere microbiome remodeling in Pseudomonas fluorescens

Plant growth-promoting Pseudomonas bacteria are promising biocontrol agents whose regulatory and effector genes shape bacterial traits involved in interactions with host plants and soil microorganisms. However, previous research has predominantly examined individual genes or trai...

Allicin and Related Organosulfur Compounds of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): Chemistry, Separation, Quantitative Determination and Applications

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) owes its pungency, odour and most of its attributed bioactivity to a single reaction system: the conversion of the odourless precursor alliin into the thiosulfinate allicin when tissue is disrupted. Because allicin is absent from the intact clove, unsta...

Fungal Isolates Associated with Cuscuta campestris in Kazakhstan: Characterization and Preliminary Screening for Biological Control

Cuscuta campestris Yunck. is one of the most destructive parasitic weeds worldwide, causing substantial economic losses because of its broad host range, prolific seed production, and long-term persistence in the soil seed bank. The limited effectiveness and environmental constrai...

Flavobacterium xizangense sp. nov. and Flavobacterium erigeronis sp. nov. isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Erigeron canadensis, Tibet, China

Two yellow-pigmented bacterial strains, designated 3-210 T and 3-218 T , were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Erigeron canadensis collected from Lhalu Wetland, which is located in the northwest corner of Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. The two strains were characteri...

Sunflower Receptacle Extract Alleviates Acute Gouty Arthritis via HMGB1-TLR4-NLRP3 Inflammatory Pathway

Background/Objectives: Acute gouty arthritis (AGA) is an auto-inflammatory disorder characterized by dysregulated innate immune activation and overactive NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inflammatory signaling. While adverse e...

One-time basal application of urea blended with controlled-release urea increases cotton yield and nitrogen use efficiency by enhancing mid- to late-season soil mineral nitrogen

Abstract Background The one-time combined application of conventional urea (U) with controlled-release urea (CRU), manure (M), or nitrification inhibitors (NIs) offers sustainable nitrogen (N) management options. However, their comparative performance under equivalent N inputs re...

Comparative chloroplast genomics of Medicago: codon usage bias, purifying selection, and phylogenomics

Medicago sativa subsp. falcata (yellow-flowered alfalfa) is an essential genetic resource for forage improvement, biofuel production, and sustainable agriculture. Its superior cold tolerance and drought resistance, compared with common alfalfa, make it suitable for cultivation in...

The Transcription Factor PRDM15 Activates the PPP2R5C / PI3K ‐Akt Pathway to Promote Steroid Hormone Secretion in Goat Granulosa Cells

ABSTRACT The proliferation and steroid hormone production capacity of granulosa cells (GCs) are critical factors in determining follicular maturation and female reproductive success. This study aims to investigate the role of PPP2R5C in regulating GC function and to reveal its up...

Heterologous gene expression of a bacterial dipeptidyl peptidase 4 in the thermophilic filamentous fungus Humicola insolens

The thermophilic filamentous fungus Humicola insolens is a rich reservoir of enzymes with broad application potential, owing to their thermostability and neutral pH optima. H. insolens is also distinguished in secreting abundant catalase. Despite this characteristic, its potentia...

Exploring the transcriptomic and metabolomic associations with fetal overgrowth in Holstein cattle derived from in vitro embryo production

Calves derived from in vitro embryo production (IVP) often have higher birth weights than those produced by artificial insemination or in vitro embryo transfer. The overgrowth in uterus may increase the incidence of calving assistance and thus, causes the potential health issue f...