Brown University

Conference Goals And Learning Preferences Among Attendees at A National Surgical Meeting

Objective This study evaluated differences in conference goals and preferred learning modalities across demographic groups at a national surgical conference. Design An optional online survey collected demographic information (gender, practice type, role, years in independent prac...

The Lingering Legacy of Redlining on School Funding, Diversity, and Performance

Historically, the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) “redlined” neighborhoods, systematically disadvantaging low-income and minority communities in the United States. This study examines the enduring legacy of these discriminatory practices on modern public education, analyzing...

Prepregnancy Diet Quality Index and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

This cohort study of US births examines the association of preconception diet quality with adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Seasonal variability in fish market composition show multi-driver controls on seafood supply in Singapore

Wet markets serve as important retail hubs for seafood across Southeast Asia, providing valuable insights into regional fisheries dynamics. However, knowledge of the specific drivers shaping fisheries dynamics remains limited. We assessed marine fish abundance and taxonomic richn...

Building a Resilient Substance Use Disorder Treatment Safety Net in An Era of Austerity: Challenges for US State Governments

Policy Points State governments play a central role in reducing the health harms of substance use. This role has grown over the past two decades because of the evolving opioid crisis, expanded Medicaid eligibility, and new federal grants. Recent declines in drug overdose and impr...

Evolution of social behavior and its neurobiological basis—where we began, and where we are going

Understanding how neural systems evolve to coordinate animal social behavior is a longstanding goal of modern biology. Historically, specializations to the brain are thought to underlie the diversification of social phenotypes, whether this entails the emergence of novel circuits...

Prenatal exposure to wildfire fine particulate matter and fetal growth outcomes in the United States: Findings from the ECHO Cohort

Background: Increasing exposure to wildfire fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) may pose unique risks to fetal development. We assessed associations between prenatal wildfire PM 2.5 exposure and fetal growth outcomes, including birth weight at term, birth weight for gestational age...

Changes in Alcohol Use Among Adults with Cancer Participating in the ECOG-ACRIN EAQ171CD Tobacco Treatment Trial

Abstract Background: Alcohol and tobacco use are known carcinogens. Treating alcohol and tobacco co-use can improve treatment and survivorship outcomes among patients diagnosed with cancer. Methods: We conducted a post hoc analysis of ECOG-ACRIN EAQ171CD trial participants within...

Robin holography in AdS and BTZ: double-trace RG flow and exceptional points

A bstract We construct the exact Robin bulk-to-boundary propagator for a Breitenlöhner-Freedman scalar on AdS d +1 and the BTZ black hole, realizing the double-trace RG flow between standard and alternate quantization geometrically as a one-parameter family of bulk boundary condi...

Convergence guarantee for linearly-constrained combinatorial optimization with a quantum alternating operator ansatz

We present a quantum alternating operator ansatz (QAOA + ) that solves a class of linearly constrained optimization problems by evolving a quantum state within a Hilbert subspace of feasible problem solutions. Our main focus is on a class of problems with a linear constraint cont...

Resolution of singularities for the dynamical mathematician

I begin by explaining to non-specialists why resolution of singularities in characteristic 0 works. Then I go into some ideas telling how it actually works. I finish with a brief discussion of related results on foliations.

Implementing a Co-produced Curriculum for Neurodivergent Individuals in the Workplace

Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD), especially autistic individuals, are disproportionately unemployed and underemployed. Job coaches (JCs), family members (FMs), and employers can serve as supports to improve employment outcomes of adults with I/...

Incidence and risks of adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes in the LABOR study, a prospective intrapartum cohort in four tertiary referral centers in Ghana, India, and Zambia

Abstract Background Globally, more than two million perinatal deaths occur annually attributable to the intrapartum period, the vast majority occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We sought to ascertain the incidence of adverse neonatal intrapartum-related outcom...

Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Cardiovascular Risk: Current Evidence and Treatment Recommendations

In 2025, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) removed its prior class-wide boxed warnings for menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), paving the way for increased clinical use. Menopause accelerates cardiovascular risk independently of chronological aging, manifesting as a 7.5% in...

A Real-World Evaluation of Large Language Model–Generated Hospital Courses in Pediatrics

BACKGROUND: Large language model (LLM)-generated hospital courses are increasingly integrated into electronic health records (EHRs), yet their accuracy and safety in pediatric populations remain poorly characterized. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy, text quality, and perceive...

End-Stage Renal Disease as a Predictor of Ray Amputation and Other Postoperative Sequelae in Finger Amputation

Purpose Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have high rates of pathologies, which may necessitate finger amputation, such as infection or vascular insufficiency. Still, little work has examined its significance in upper-extremity amputation. This study aimed to explore E...

Respecting Spinal Cord Injury Patient Autonomy in the Context of Terminal Extubation

Terminal extubation, or palliative or compassionate extubation, is a legally and ethically accepted practice in the United States where mechanical ventilation is withdrawn when ongoing life-sustaining treatment no longer aligns with a patient's stated goals of care. Nearly 42% of...

Identifying Contextual Factors affecting Hospital In Home Program Implementation within the Veterans Health Administration

Abstract Background and Objectives Understanding the factors that enable or hinder successful implementation is essential for improving patient outcomes. Hospital in Home (HiH) programs provide hospital-level care in patients' homes to reduce hospitalization, enhance satisfaction...

Learning Nonlinear Responses in PET Bottle Buckling With a Hybrid DeepONet–Transolver Framework

ABSTRACT Neural surrogates and operator networks for solving partial differential equation (PDE) problems have attracted significant research interest in recent years. However, most existing approaches are limited in their ability to generalize solutions across varying nonparamet...

Emotional Neglect in Childhood and Benzodiazepine Misuse in Rhode Island Young Adults

Benzodiazepine misuse is most prevalent among young adults aged 18–25 and has been linked to recreational use, self-medication, and psychosocial stressors. Childhood emotional neglect is associated with adverse mental health outcomes and increased vulnerability to substance misus...