Brown University

Dyslipidemia and Kidney Stone Risk: Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Therapeutic Considerations

The prevalence of kidney stone (KS) disease and cardiometabolic diseases are simultaneously increasing in the United States. Dyslipidemia has been associated with an increased risk for KS formation and recurrence due to alterations in metabolism of purine and oxalate along with a...

Electroluminescence from bound excitons in silicon

We demonstrate a signature of bound-exciton emission in the electroluminescence spectra of wafer-bonded silicon p–n junction, along with the more common free-exciton emissions. The emission is driven by the electric current through a p–n junction formed by direct bonding of p-typ...

Hemispheric Asymmetry of Neuroimaging Biomarkers in Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease: Clinical and Cognitive Outcomes

Objective Individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) often exhibit amyloid, tau, and atrophy predominantly in the left or right hemisphere, but group‐level analyses typically ignore inter‐individual variability and changing asymmetry patterns when averaging data across p...

Peritubal Endometriosis Discovered During Surgery for Ovarian Torsion in an Adolescent Without Dysmenorrhea: A Case Report

Endometriosis is often investigated in adolescents because of dysmenorrhea or chronic pelvic pain. We report a 15-year-old girl with previously painless menstruation who presented with abrupt severe right lower-quadrant pain and nausea. Ultrasonography suggested marked right ovar...

The Effect of Stimulant Medications on Symptom and Treatment Outcomes in Adults With Comorbid Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity and Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are increasingly recognized among adults and frequently co-occur with substance use disorders (SUD). Changing guidelines and complexity of treatment merit a review of approaches for managing this diagnostic ove...

Patient-Reported Changes in Alcohol Use Following Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Initiation

This survey study with a nationally representative sample evaluates whether individuals who initiate glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) report reducing alcohol consumption after starting the drug.

Machine Learning on Heterogeneous, Edge, and Quantum Hardware for Particle Physics

The next generation of particle physics experiments will face an era of challenges in data acquisition, due to unprecedented data rates and volumes along with extreme environments and operational constraints. Harnessing these data for scientific discovery demands real-time infere...

Modern Day “Enfreakment” in Pediatric Dermatology

ABSTRACT Dermatology is inherently a visual field that requires careful physical exam and observation skills; however, this may have unintended effects during patient encounters. This paper reviews the history of “freak shows” and how dermatological conditions were portrayed in t...

Charting the rise of artificial intelligence in medical education: a global bibliometric and network analysis, 2000–2026

Artificial intelligence has moved from a peripheral curiosity to a core feature of modern medical education through adaptive learning, simulation-based training, automated assessment, and large language models such as ChatGPT. Publication activity has accelerated rapidly, but the...

Global Research Trends in Pediatric Craniofacial Trauma and Traumatic Brain Injury: A Bibliometric Analysis of 1271 Publications (2016–2026)

Introduction: Pediatric craniofacial trauma, characterized by forceful blows or injuries to the facial bones or fragile skull of a child, can present symptoms of traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is a key player in the increased mortality rate of pediatric populations. Through a...

Vertical distribution of pollution trapped by wintertime surface inversions in Fairbanks, Alaska, during the ALPACA experiment

Abstract. Air pollution in cold wintertime urban areas is a ubiquitous problem. Surface temperature inversions under low wind conditions and surface emissions lead to the formation of a shallow polluted surface layer (PSL). The presence of this PSL is well documented, but its hei...

Gradient Estimates for the Insulated Conductivity Problem with Partially Flat Inclusions

Abstract. We study the insulated conductivity problem with inclusions embedded in a bounded domain in [Formula: see text]. It was known that in the setting of strictly convex inclusions, the gradient of solutions may blow up as the distance between inclusions approaches 0. The op...

Sagittal Alignment in Cervical Spine Fusion

➢ Cervical sagittal alignment is associated with patient-reported outcomes, with higher T1 slope-cervical lordosis mismatch and greater C2-C7 sagittal vertical axis correlating with greater disability and worse health-related quality of life. ➢ Cervical alignment must be interpre...

Degree two unirational parametrizations over the real field

We study degree two unirational parameterizations of geometrically rational surfaces over the real field.

An analysis of emergency department visits for injuries among students at a large U.S. public university

Abstract Background Injuries are a significant source of morbidity and mortality among college students.While previous studies identified the most common causes of injuries among college students globally, none have examined electronic health record narratives through a qualitati...

Spatiotemporal terahertz emission nanoscopy of spintronic photocurrent

Capturing ultrafast spin and charge photocurrents on nanoscopic scales is essential for fundamental research in physics and engineering, as well as for future applications, such as novel spin-orbitronic devices. Accessing the fundamental dynamics driven by changes in electronic e...

The contribution of Caribbean medical schools to the U.S. physician workforce

Abstract Purpose The physician shortfall in the U.S. has given rise to increasing reliance on international medical school graduates (IMGs), including those graduating from what are referred to as off-shore Caribbean medical schools. These schools, which offer instruction in Engl...

A Detailed Chemical Kinetic Model for the Thermal Destruction of Perfluorobutanesulfonic Acid

Abstract Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), a member of the per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) family, poses significant environmental and health risks due to its persistence and resistance to degradation. Understanding its thermal decomposition pathways is critical for...

Working on AI and Technology Policy in the U.S. Senate

Chronicling authors' experiences and encouraging application of computing and AI expertise supporting technology policymaking.

Anticoagulation Treatment Response Among Phenotypic ESUS Clusters: Evidence From CASPR

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate treatment effect heterogeneity across phenotypic clusters of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke using causal inference methods. Methods From a retrospective, multicenter cohort of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke, we estimated the trea...