All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Neurological Manifestations in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV) in India: A Scoping Review and the Need for a National HIV-Neurology Special Interest Group

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Despite a low national prevalence of 0.20%, India's absolute burden of 2.544 million people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) presents clinicians with varied neurological complications. While combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has ext...

Preoperative echocardiographic parameters do not predict early outcomes after arterial switch operation in late-presenting transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether preoperative echocardiographic parameters can predict early postoperative outcomes after arterial switch operation in late-presenting transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum. METHODS: This prospective study examined preo...

Subclinical hypothyroidism and suicidal behavior: Clinical relevance in psychiatric practice

ABSTRACT Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), defined by elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone with normal free thyroxine, is traditionally regarded as a clinically silent and benign endocrine state. This assumption, however, is increasingly challenged in psychiatric populations, whe...

Treatment and tracking algorithm for iron deficiency anaemia among children and adolescents— a policy informed evidence— based framework for India

Background and objectives The Anaemia Mukt Bharat (AMB) programme advocates for ‘test, treat and track’ strategy. However, limited coverage, poor adherence, workforce shortages and inconsistent follow up, affect implementation. Recent programme monitoring data indicate suboptimal...

From Algorithm to Care: AI-Assisted Glaucoma Screening in Real-World Settings

Glaucoma screening is increasingly being discussed in the context of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly as imaging technologies become more accessible outside specialist clinics.The question, however, is not simply whether AI can identify a suspicious optic nerve head, bu...

Globalising the access to advanced molecular diagnostics of CNS tumors: Experience of the Molecular Neuro-Pathology (MNP) Outreach Consortium

Central nervous system (CNS) tumors pose a major global health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where outcomes remain disproportionately poor. The global CONCORD-3 study (Lancet Oncology) highlighted stark disparities in five-year survival (201...

Screening Performance of Hindi Versions of SAAS, WDEQ-10, and STAI-6 for Fear of Childbirth at Term Pregnancy: A Pilot Study

Background: Antenatal anxiety and fear of childbirth (FOC) are common yet under-recognized, especially in the developing world, despite knowing that it affects delivery outcomes as well as birth experience. A study was done to assess the screening performance of Hindi versions of...

Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia Among Adolescent Girls in Rural Bihar, India: A Community-based Cross Sectional Study

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of anemia and identify associated risk factors among adolescent girls in rural Bihar. Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 371 adolescent girls aged 10–19 years using systematic random sa...

Rh-Catalyzed Cascade C–H Functionalization/Annulation of Ketimine Directed Arenes with Vinylcyclopropanes: Access to Bridged Azaheterocycles

Abstract Rh-catalyzed cascade C–H functionalization/annulation of ketimine-directed arenes with vinylcyclopropanes has been accomplished to access N-bridged cyclic frameworks. The procedure can be extended to vinylaziridine, vinyloxirane, and vinyl ethylene carbonate to furnish s...

SSTR Expressing Tubercular Bony Lesions in a Patient with Suspected Metastatic Pheochromocytoma

We report a case of a 38-year-old male with biochemically confirmed pheochromocytoma and somatostatin receptor (STIR)-expressing adrenal and skeletal lesions. Discordant findings on functional imaging, along with lytic bone lesions, raised the suspicion of an alternate aetiology....

Burden assessment tools in epilepsy caregiving: A scoping review

Background Informal caregivers of people with epilepsy (PWE) experience a substantial burden because of the chronic nature and unpredictability of seizures. Although several caregiver burden assessment tools are available to quantify this burden, little is known about which of th...

Successful lactation establishment in extreme prematurity despite multiple maternal risk factors: A - case report

Background Mother's own milk (MOM) is the optimal nutrition for preterm infants; however, establishing lactation is particularly challenging in mothers with multiple medical comorbidities and prolonged mother–infant separation. Case presentation We report the case of a 27-year-ol...

Refractory diabetic ketoacidosis in Rabson–Mendenhall syndrome due to a novel mutation: contrasting outcomes in a sibling – case series

Abstract Objectives Rabson–Mendenhall syndrome (RMS) is a rare monogenic insulin resistance disorder characterized by progressive dysglycemia and early mortality. Management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in RMS is particularly challenging because standard insulin doses may be in...

Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy Variant of Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Nurse-Led Intensive Care Case Report

BACKGROUND: Acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy is a rare, severe variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome marked by rapid progression, autonomic dysfunction, and delayed recovery. The patient in this report was treated in a resource-limited intensive care unit and had coexisting...

A Cadaveric Study of Morphological Variations of the Abductor Pollicis Longus Muscle and Its Tendinous Insertions.

This study examined the abductor pollicis longus (APL) and abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscles, which are key muscles involved in thumb abduction and fine motor function, with anatomical variations of the APL particularly accessory tendons implicated in the pathogenesis of De...

Cognitive impairment in glaucoma

Glaucoma, while regarded as an isolated ocular disorder, is now increasingly recognized as a component of a wider neurological spectrum. An accumulating body of neuroimaging-based studies have revealed structural and functional changes in the brain that are analogous to those obs...

Quality of Social Media Information on Cleft Care for Cleft Lip and Palate: A Scoping Review

Objective To map and synthesize the literature on the quality and reliability of social media information related to cleft lip and palate (CLP) care and to identify gaps in multidisciplinary digital health communication. Design Scoping review with a systematic search of MEDLINE v...

Biomimicking Mechanical Properties of Human Skin: A State-of-the-Art Review

Artificial skin simulants that reproduce the mechanical response of human skin are important for surgical training, device evaluation, impact assessment, and ballistic testing. Although in vivo and ex vivo characterisation methods for human native skin are physiologically relevan...

Impact of vestibular-based intervention on movement and postural stability in children with spastic cerebral palsy: a single-blind randomized controlled trial

Background and objective Cerebral Palsy (CP) is not only associated with neuromuscular impairments, but also with sensory processing alterations, due to disrupted thalamocortical projections caused by white matter lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Convent...

Multiple Agminated Papules on the Face

A middle-aged man presented with asymptomatic multiple grouped papules present bilaterally symmetrically on the face. Histopathology revealed peri-follicular, predominantly B-cell lymphoid aggregates with germinal center formation and occasional tingible body macrophages. Immunoh...