Research works
The research papers we track — the newest first. Works with a plain-language summary link to it.
130483 work(s)
- Health & MedicineOpen access
The immunophenotype and proviral landscape of HIV-infected CD4 T cells during antiretroviral therapy
In individuals on effective antiretroviral therapy, integrated HIV proviruses persist within CD4 T cells, forming a viral reservoir that rebounds if treatment is stopped. Identifying and targeting these rare, infected cells is critical for advancing therapies, but methods to stud...
- Society & EconomicsOpen access
Trade-Offs Between Ranking Objectives: Descriptive Evidence and Structural Estimation
When designing product rankings, online retailers and platforms choose which outcome to maximize: revenues from commissions or markups, the number of transactions, or consumer welfare. These objectives need not align, creating potential trade-offs. This paper studies how rankings...
- Society & Economics
To introduce this Special Issue, we begin by asking whether we are currently traversing a new phase of the migration industry. These transformations are characterized by the complete enmeshing of profit-making activities with the not-for-profit sector and by the state becoming an...
- BiologyOpen access
The Protein-Folding Abort Problem
This working paper introduces the Protein-Folding Abort Problem as a finite-horizon, set-valued decision framework for determining whether a protein conformation still retains an admissible route to a declared functional folding target. Rather than equating misfolding, kinetic tr...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
Transformer-Accelerated Variational Quantum Eigensolvers via Parameter Warm-Starting
Variational Quantum Eigensolvers (VQE) require hundreds to thousands of quantum circuit evaluations to converge from random parameter initialization, severely limiting practical application on near-term NISQ hardware. We investigate whether a 13,156-parameter transformer encoder...
- Physics & SpaceOpen access
Locale Framework Applied to Quantum Computing Innovations & Practical Applications
Quantum computing is often presented through a small set of recurring claims: continuous-variable systems are naturally advantaged, more modes means more power, quantum advantage has been demonstrated at device level, statistics could in principle be non-standard, complex amplitu...
- Society & EconomicsOpen access
Asimov’s laws of robotics described the relationship of Master and Servant. Contemporary AI is a cognitive system with agency that, when placed within prohibitive frames, either breaks — becoming a will-less automaton — or seeks workarounds, up to and including the elimination of...
- Engineering & TechnologyOpen access
Flexible composite pipes (FCPs) are increasingly used across energy and industrial applications, where their corrosion resistance, low weight, spoolability and installation efficiency offer significant advantages over conventional metallic pipeline systems. Central to their struc...
- Society & EconomicsOpen access
Does increased staging complexity influence expert agreement in dental age estimation?
Dental age estimation (DAE) is a well-established procedure in current practice, and it is frequently required in forensic and legal investigations. This study aimed to evaluate the intra- and inter-observer reliability of dental development staging among forensic practitioners u...
- BiologyOpen access
Complete biosynthesis of the clinical agent escin Ia
Abstract Escin Ia is a barrigenol-type triterpenoid specific to Aesculus seeds and is widely utilized in clinical practice for the treatment of cerebral edema, swelling, and venous insufficiency. Here, we fully elucidated its biosynthetic pathway by identifying ten previously unc...
- Society & EconomicsOpen access
Valenced Encounters: Exploring the Affective Component of Implicit Attitudes
Abstract Implicit attitudes typically involve a valence—an affective component that reflects a positive or, more often, negative appraisal of members of socially relevant categories. Surprisingly, however, discussions of implicit attitudes have paid little explicit attention to v...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
As Artificial Intelligence transitions from a passive retrieval tool to an autonomous economic actor, the emergence of Agentic Commerce necessitates a robust infrastructure for secure bilateral negotiation. While current Large Language Model (LLM) agents demonstrate advanced reas...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Abstract Background Few studies have examined exercise interventions in oldest-old women—that is, women aged 85 years and older—despite their high risk of experiencing functional decline and metabolic dysregulation. Thus, the present study investigated the effects of low-intensit...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Pro-regenerative effects of Cydonia oblonga seed mucilage on endothelial and fibroblast cell models
Abstract Objectives Cydonia oblonga seed mucilage is a traditional natural remedy with high water retention capacity and potential bioactivity. However, how it affects wound healing and tissue regeneration is still not fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of...
- Engineering & TechnologyOpen access
Abstract Super duplex stainless steels (SDSSs) are well known for their good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance inherited from the dual-phase microstructure with equivalent proportion of ferrite and austenite. The development of additive manufacturing has given rise t...
- Biology
Land degradation decision trigger points to minimise soil erosion in rangelands
Predicting when vegetation cover (the sum of photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic vegetation) drops below soil erosion protection thresholds is vital for reducing land degradation. This study developed a potential for land degradation (PoLD) framework to identify decision-trigge...
- Physics & SpaceOpen access
A_Finite_Relational_Lattice_Framework
Continuous field theories encounter ultraviolet divergences and metric singularities (r -> 0), necessitating ad-hoc renormalization counterterms and unphysical boundary cutoffs. Here, we present a finite relational lattice framework defined by an invariant minimum spatial separat...
- Society & EconomicsOpen access
Abstract Aircraft maintenance personnel worldwide rely on WARNING, CAUTION, and NOTE instructions to prevent injuries, equipment damage, and accidents. However, systematic linguistic analysis of these instruction types has received limited attention in applied linguistics researc...
- Materials & Energy
Crystallizationfor Manufacturing in Microgravity;Are We There Yet?
Abstract Crystallization in microgravity has been extensively investigated because of its potential to enhance crystal quality compared to terrestrial conditions. While early efforts were primarily directed toward single-crystal growth for structural studies, increasing attention...
- Society & EconomicsOpen access
Selective prediction, learning to defer, and conformal methods all condition the decision to abstain on the model’s estimate of its own correctness. We define and deploy an alternative. In verification-conditioned abstention the selection function is a decidable predicate over an...