Research works
The research papers we track — the newest first. Works with a plain-language summary link to it.
134149 work(s)
- BiologyOpen access
Neural integrator and orchestrator communities shape spontaneous signaling in the human brain
Understanding how intrinsic brain dynamics are organized is critical for explaining human cognition and sensory processing. Theoretical frameworks propose a hierarchical architecture in which some neural systems act as orchestrators, broadcasting information across the brain, whe...
- Climate & EnvironmentOpen access
Abstract This integrative review critically examines portable dynamic low-impact surface hardness (LISH) testing, also known as Leeb hardness. Since its adaptation for mineral materials in 1993, LISH has been increasingly adopted across geoscience, engineering, and heritage conse...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Accurate keratometry is essential for toric intraocular lens (IOL) planning, yet most prior studies evaluated inter-device agreement under standardized research conditions that may not reflect everyday practice. This retrospective study evaluated keratometry agreement among the K...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Abstract Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz, a critically endangered medicinal shrub of the Apocynaceae family, is renowned for its bioactive indole alkaloids, particularly reserpine. Despite its ethnobotanical significance, the species faces severe threats from habitat los...
- Climate & EnvironmentOpen access
Abstract. We investigate short-term (daily-to-weekly) winter Arctic sea-ice predictability using a coupled ice–ocean model, and focusing on how sensitive forecasts are to initial uncertainty in the location of sea ice features (e.g., leads, ridges, etc.). In this context, two rhe...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
The distribution of the ratio of products of independent zero mean normal random variables
Abstract Let $$X_1,\ldots ,X_M$$ X 1 , … , X M and $$Y_1,\ldots ,Y_N$$ Y 1 , … , Y N be independent zero mean normal random variables with variances $$\sigma _{X_i}^2$$ σ X i 2 , $$i=1,\ldots ,M$$ i = 1 , … , M , and $$\sigma _{Y_j}^2$$ σ Y j 2 , $$j=1,\ldots ,N$$ j = 1 , … , N ,...
- Climate & EnvironmentOpen access
Abstract. China hosts approximately 97 % of the world's water-surface photovoltaics (WPV), with nearly two-thirds of its national capacity concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), a densely populated economic powerhouse facing intense land-energy trade-offs. Despite this do...
- BiologyOpen access
Abstract Orphan genes - genes lacking detectable homologs outside a species - are widespread in microbial genomes and are thought to contribute to their adaptation and molecular innovation. However, not all predicted orphan genes may represent novel functional coding sequences. F...
- Physics & SpaceOpen access
Holographic entropy inequalities pass the majorization test
Quantities computed by minimal cuts, such as entanglement entropies achievable by the Ryu-Takayanagi proposal in the AdS/CFT correspondence, are constrained by linear inequalities. We prove a previously conjectured property of all such constraints: Any k k systems on the “greater...
- Materials & EnergyOpen access
On the brink of an energy revolution the world is facing, Concentrated Solar Thermal (CST) systems have emerged as a promising solution to address the dual challenges of energy security and climate change. This study presents a novel approach involving numerical/experimental mode...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Site-specific phosphorylation affects the structure and interactions of the Ycf1p R region
Many ATP binding cassette (ABC) proteins function in active transport of solutes across biological membranes. At minimum, ABC proteins are composed of two repeats, each consisting of a transmembrane domain (TMD) and a nucleotide binding domain (NBD). In many ABC proteins, the TMD...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
Abstract We consider a genuinely nonlinear 1-d system of hyperbolic conservation laws with two unknowns. A famous construction of Glimm & Lax shows that global-in-time “Glimm–Lax” weak entropy solutions exist in this setting for any initial data with small $$L^\infty $$ L ∞ norm...
- Engineering & TechnologyOpen access
Single-step aerosol printing of metallic nanostructures via in-flight plasma reduction
Direct printing of metallic inks rarely achieves functional conductivity in a single step. Most techniques require post-processing, including solvent removal and particle sintering, which restrict applicability in power-limited systems, heat-sensitive substrates, and rapid fabric...
- Climate & EnvironmentOpen access
Soil disturbance in wetlands by feral pigs increases greenhouse gas emissions
Abstract. Multiple approaches are needed to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and reduce the pace of climate change. Wetlands are among the most carbon-rich ecosystems on the planet, and when disturbed, they can generate disproportionately high emissions. Invasive hoofed mammals,...
- Society & EconomicsOpen access
Understanding Before Ethics: A Four-Dimensional Foundation for AI Moral Agency
Contemporary artificial intelligence ethics frameworks frequently commit a category error: they attempt to instantiate ethical behavior in systems that, on the account developed here, lack the prerequisite capacity for genuine understanding. This paper argues that understanding,...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
MDiffFR: Modality-Guided Diffusion Generation for Cold-start Items in Federated Recommendation
Federated recommendations (FRs) provide personalized services while preserving user privacy by keeping user data on local clients, which has attracted significant attention in recent years. Due to the strict privacy constraints inherent in FRs, access to user-item interaction dat...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
The evolution of networked systems, driven by innovations in software-defined networking, network function virtualization, open radio access networks (O-RAN) and cloud-native architectures, is redefining both the operational landscape and the threat surface of critical infrastruc...
- BiologyOpen access
Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance particularly from extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) is a critical global public health threat, contributing significantly to infection-related mortality. The human intestinal tract is a key reservoir...
- BiologyOpen access
Mechanochemical modeling of exercise-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy
ABSTRACT Skeletal muscle displays remarkable plasticity, adapting its size and strength in response to mechanical loading, particularly, from exercise. This process, known as hypertrophy, is fundamental to athletic training and rehabilitation, but is challenging to quantitatively...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Ageing well in place requires a living environment that meets the evolving needs of older adults. While the role of safety in healthy ageing is widely recognised, the contribution of a stimulating environment has received less attention. This study aims to develop an expert-weigh...