Research works

Excitation of acyclic trisubstituted alkenes via triplet energy transfer for diastereo- and enantioselective [2 + 2] photocycloaddition

Photochemistry offers a powerful platform for enabling unique bond cleavage and formation. However, achieving precise stereochemical control while suppressing persistent racemic background reactions remains a fundamental challenge in this field. Herein, we report a highly enantio...

Evolving transition-state search with agentic large language models

Abstract Accurate identification of transition states (TSs) is fundamental to computational chemistry. Modern reaction-discovery efforts increasingly rely on curating and completing large reaction datasets, where even a small fraction of TS-search failures can leave key pathways...

Capturing quality of life in pouch anal and vaginal fistula: development of PAVF-QoL-14, a patient-reported outcome measure

Abstract Introduction Perianal pouch fistula can significantly affect quality of life, yet no disease-specific patient reported outcome measure (PROM) exists. We have developed and validated a 14-item PROM—the Pouch Anal and Vaginal Fistula Quality of Life scale (PAVF-QoL-14). Me...

FI-TW: An open train–weather dataset for railway delay analysis in Finland

Background Train delays result from complex interactions between operational, technical, and environmental factors. Weather strongly affects railway reliability in Nordic regions, yet publicly available datasets rarely integrate meteorological information with operational train r...

Modeling justice without deciding it

Integrated assessment models shape climate policy by estimating mitigation costs and tracing pathways with different consequences across countries, income groups, and generations. As equity and justice become more prominent in this work, a basic question follows: what gives a mod...

De-strictified causality: quantum clock incompatibility, sectorial universality, and emergent limiting speeds

Causal structure in relativity is traditionally inferred from idealized clock synchronization and light signaling, implicitly assuming strictifiability of temporal ordering and compatibility of clock observables. In quantum mechanics, however, clocks are material systems with non...

A non-renormalization theorem for local functionals in ghost-free vector field theories coupled to dynamical geometry

A bstract We establish a non-renormalization theorem for a class of ghost-free local functionals describing massive vector field theories coupled to dynamical geometry. Under the assumptions of locality, Lorentz invariance, and validity of the effective field theory expansion bel...

Microenvironment-aware transcriptome reconstruction in spatial transcriptomics

Abstract Imaging-based spatial transcriptomics offers single-cell resolution but measures limited panels dominated by identity-defining genes, leaving transcriptome-wide variation unobserved. Existing approaches for predicting unmeasured genes rely mainly on shared-gene alignment...

Developmental scarcity induces sex differences in social recognition and CA2 perineuronal nets

Abstract Early-life adversity has a lasting negative impact on social behavior in both humans and rodents. Sex differences exist in functional outcomes of postnatal stress, but underlying mechanisms remain incompletely explored. Using the limited bedding and nesting paradigm, a m...

Transcriptomic shift in ethanol and amino acid metabolic genes regulated by Med15 during alcoholic fermentation

Abstract Organisms that thrive in extreme environments provide natural experiments in evolution, revealing the genetic regulators that orchestrate complex phenotypic change. Wine yeast are specialized strains that are adapted to survive in the wine making environment while produc...

Geospatial analysis of the association of cardiometabolic diseases and incident Lewy body dementia in the Medicare population

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Research on the potential role of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) as risk factors for Lewy body dementia (LBD) is limited, and findings from existing studies remain inconclusive. We investigated the geospatial patterns of CMDs and the association with LBD a...

Tensor-network analysis of root patterns in the XXX model with open boundaries

The string hypothesis of Bethe roots is a cornerstone in the thermodynamic analysis of quantum integrable systems, since it connects root configurations with physical quantities such as the ground-state energy, surface energy and excitation spectra. For integrable models with U(1...

Can Reasons Be Irreducibly Relational?

Abstract The irreducibility thesis is the view that there are some reasons for action whose normative force is not explained by the value of the actions for which they are reasons, but which must instead be explained in terms of some relation between agents. This view has been de...

The illusion of clinical reasoning: a benchmark reveals the pervasive gap in vision-language models for clinical competency

The rapid integration of foundation models into clinical practice and their use for public health inquiries necessitates a rigorous evaluation of their true clinical reasoning capabilities, which extends beyond success on narrow examinations. Current benchmarks, often based on me...

Serum albumin-creatinine ratio predicts sarcopenia and poor outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer

Abstract Background: This study was designed to explore the prognostic significance of the serum albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was utilized to evaluate overall survival (OS) and progression-free su...

Octupole deformation in quasiparticle states of odd-mass and odd-odd nuclei

Abstract As a follow up of [Phys. Scr. 99 055305 (2024)], where we studied axial octupole shapes in two-quasiparticle states of even-even nuclei, we investigate this type of shapes in odd-mass and odd-odd well-deformed nuclei, using the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-BCS approach with selfc...

Selective transport of plasma-derived reactive species through the plant aquaporin channels: a molecular dynamics study

Abstract The selective permeability of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), generated by cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), through plant aquaporins was investigated to identify plasma-derived species capable of intracellular delivery. Using atomistic molecular dynamics and e...

Insight into OsHV-1 persistence phase in Pacific oyster spat

The ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1) is a major pathogen of the Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas), causing recurrent episodes of spat mortality worldwide. While OsHV-1 replication and associated outbreaks occur at moderate seawater temperatures (16-22 °C), the virus becomes lar...

Systematic uncertainties on DESI Tully-Fisher distances constrained with integral field spectroscopy

The Tully-Fisher (TF) relation is an empirical tool for estimating distances to spiral galaxies. Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Peculiar Velocity (PV) Survey uses photometric position angles (PAs) to place its fibers along the semi-major axis of the galaxy and infer...

Criminal Trial Attorney Questions About Parent Conflict when Children Testify Against a Parent in Child Sexual Abuse Cases

When a parent is accused of child sexual abuse (CSA), parent conflict raises concerns about allegation credibility. However, little is known about how attorneys question children about parent conflict. We examined 21,863 question-answer pairs from 53 testimonies of 6- to 17-year-...