Research works

Optimality of Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods and Suboptimality of the Sparse-Grid Gauss–Hermite Rule in Gaussian Sobolev Spaces

Abstract. Optimality of several quasi-Monte Carlo methods and suboptimality of the sparse-grid quadrature based on the univariate Gauss–Hermite rule are proved in the Sobolev spaces of mixed dominating smoothness of order [Formula: see text], where the optimality is in the sense...

First observation of dispersive shock waves in an electron beam

Dispersive shock waves (DSWs) are expanding nonlinear wave trains that arise when dispersion regularizes a steepening front, a phenomenon observed in fluids, plasmas, optics, and superfluids. Here we report the first experimental observation of DSWs in an intense electron beam, u...

Role of PANoptosis in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic insights

Abnormal cell death plays a crucial role in cancer development. Inducing tumor cell death is an important strategy for cancer treatment. Against this backdrop, with the in-depth study of the regulatory mechanisms of cell death, the discovery of interactions existing among pyropto...

FedPoP: federated learning meets proof of participation

Federated learning (FL) offers privacy preserving, distributed machine learning, allowing clients to contribute to a global model without revealing their local data. As models increasingly serve as monetizable digital assets, the ability to prove participation in their training b...

Learning to stabilize nonequilibrium phases of matter with active feedback using partial information

Abstract Recent advances in quantum computing experiments have enabled new pathways for feedback control. Here, we investigate the role of information in interactive quantum many-body dynamics to engineer out-of-equilibrium phases of matter. To this end, we train reinforcement le...

RESULTS ON COLORED TREE PROPERTIES

Abstract In this article, we introduce novel variations on several well-known model-theoretic tree properties (TPs), and prove several equivalences to known properties. Motivated by the study of generalized indiscernibles, we introduce the notion of the I $\mathcal {I}$ script up...

BV pushforward of Palatini–Cartan gravity

Abstract The goal of this note is to show that the standard BV formulation of gravity in the Palatini–Cartan formalism is equivalent, using a BV pushforward, to an AKSZ-like version compatible with BFV data on the boundary.

Source Identification via Path-Wise Gradient Estimation

Abstract. In the context of PDE-constrained optimization theory, source identification problems traditionally entail particles emerging from an unknown source distribution inside a domain, moving according to a prescribed stochastic process, e.g., Brownian motion, and then exitin...

DESI results and dark energy from QCD topological sectors

We present a physically motivated model of dark energy (DE) rooted in the topological structure of the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) vacuum. In this framework, DE arises from the difference between the QCD vacuum energy in an expanding Universe and in Minkowski spacetime, with the...

Matter spectral functions from quantum gravity

We investigate Lorentzian quantum gravity coupled to a template matter sector with gauge fields, scalars and fermions. In the absence of quantised gravity, the matter sector by itself is renormalisable, but UV-incomplete. Provided quantum gravity offers an asymptotically safe UV-...

Evaluation of turbulent flux parameterizations over a continental glacier on the Tibetan Plateau

A lack of observations of turbulent fluxes over continental glaciers limits our understanding of the mechanisms that control glacier variations and associated water resource changes across the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Here, we present the first comprehensive analysis of turbulent fl...

Foundations of Regular Variation on Topological Spaces

Since its introduction by J. Karamata, regular variation has evolved from a purely mathematical concept into a cornerstone of theoretical probability and statistical data analysis. It has been extensively studied and applied in different areas. Its significance lies in characteri...

Convergence analysis of the Random ordinate method for mitigating the ray effect

The Discrete Ordinates Method (DOM) is widely used for velocity discretization in radiative transport simulations. However, DOM tends to exhibit the ray effect when the velocity discretization is not sufficiently refined, a limitation that is well documented. To counter this, we...

TD-interpreter: enhancing the understanding of timing diagrams with visual-language learning

Abstract We introduce TD-Interpreter, a specialised machine learning (ML) workflow that assists engineers in understanding complex timing diagrams (TDs), originating from a third party, during their design and verification process. The outcome of this workflow is a visual questio...

RiboTRAP-seq identifies spatially distinct functions for the anterior and posterior intestine in immune and metabolic regulation in Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract The intestine integrates food-derived cues to coordinate organismal physiology, yet the molecular specialization of discrete regions along the intestinal epithelium remains unclear. Here, we generate cell type-specific translatomes of the Caenorhabditis elegans intestine...

Diversification and coexistence amid widespread and persistent gene flow in Andean trees

Hybridization and introgression are increasingly recognized as important in plant evolution, yet their prevalence and consequences remain poorly understood in tropical Andean trees, where species coexist at low densities and turn over rapidly across elevation gradients. Here, we...

Encoding tactile stimuli for Braille recognition with organoids

This study proposes a transferable encoding strategy that maps tactile sensor data to electrical stimulation patterns, enabling neural organoids to perform an open-loop artificial tactile Braille classification task. Human forebrain organoids cultured on a low-density microelectr...

Practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution with squeezed light

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) has gathered significant interest for its potential to achieve high secret key rates and seamless integration with existing optical communication infrastructure. State-of-the-art CV-QKD systems primarily use coherent states fo...

Study buddy learning is associated with academic success in undergraduate science courses

for undergraduate science students. The study tested three hypotheses: (i) Do students benefit academically from a formalized study buddy peer learning program? (ii) Do mentors and protégés benefit equally from participation in the study buddy program? (iii) Does heterogeneity in...

Data Optimization for LLMs: A Survey

Large language models (LLMs) have attracted great attention in both academic and industrial communities in recent years. Numerous survey studies have covered various aspects of LLMs, such as learning strategies, applications, alignment, explainability, and evaluation. However, li...