Research works

Predictive factors for clinical resolution and the impact of metabolic comorbidities in adult liver abscesses: A prospective study

Background: Percutaneous drainage has transformed hepatic abscess management, yet recovery trajectories remain heterogeneous. While procedural success is high, the pace of clinical resolution is dictated more by the host environment than by technical factors. Aims and Objectives:...

Estimation of level of serum cotinine: A simple, rapid and sensitive biomarker in cigarette smokers

Background: Cigarette smoking remains the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, serves as a reliable biomarker of tobacco exposure due to its longer half-life (18–20 h) compared to nicotine (2–3 h). Aims and Objective:...

Upholding integrity in scientific publishing: A call to authors

Scientific publishing thrives on trust, transparency, and adherence to established standards. For journals such as the Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, editorial guidelines are not mere formalities – they are the backbone of ethical scholarship and the assurance of quality for...

A Comparative study on the hemodynamic changes between King Vision Videolaryngoscope and Macintosh direct laryngoscope in orotracheal intubation under general anesthesia

Background: Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation (EI) can cause an increase in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure, which may be harmful in vulnerable patients. Video laryngoscopes such as the King Vision videolaryngoscope (KVVL) may reduce this response compared with the Maci...

Efficacy and safety of pioglitazone add-on to methotrexate therapy in plaque psoriasis patient – A randomised control open label study

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that impairs physical health and quality of life. Conventional therapies often yield variable responses, highlighting the need for adjunctive options. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy an...

Remimazolam: Bridging safety, stability, and recovery in contemporary anesthesia

Remimazolam is a novel ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine increasingly used in procedural sedation and general anesthesia. Designed as an ester-based analog of midazolam, it combines rapid onset and recovery with predictable metabolism by tissue esterases. Compared with convention...

Comparison of thoracic epidural analgesia versus transversus abdominis plane block for post-operative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomies

Background: A variety of regional analgesic techniques have found their use in laparoscopic surgeries in recent times. Introduced more than 100 years ago, thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) has evolved from a mere salvage option to a major analgesic technique. On the other hand, t...

Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the gallbladder: A case series and clinicopathological insights from a tertiary care hospital in Northeast India

Gallbladder neuroendocrine neoplasms (GB-NENs) are extremely rare, forming about 0.5% of all neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and roughly 2% of gallbladder malignancies. Their clinical presentation is often vague and mimics common conditions such as gallstones or adenocarcinoma, whic...

Study of peroperative complications and post-operative complications in laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair in Bundelkhand region

Background: Inguinal hernia remains a prevalent condition requiring surgical intervention, with laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair emerging as a widely accepted technique due to its advantages of faster recovery, reduced post-operative pain, and superior anat...

Comparative study of intraoperative blood glucose levels in patients undergoing elective cesarean section: Spinal versus general anesthesia – a prospective observational study

Background: Anesthesia and surgery trigger a neuroendocrine stress response that elevates blood glucose through catecholamine and cortisol secretion. The choice of anesthetic technique significantly influences this metabolic response, particularly in obstetric patients undergoing...

Shunt-preserving splenectomy in congenital splenic vein agenesis with a giant arch of barkow: case report

Splenic vein agenesis is a rare condition. To date, only two cases have been reported. We report the case of a 13-year-old female child who presented with abdominal pain and splenomegaly. Cross-sectional imaging confirmed splenomegaly, with splenic vein agenesis and a collateral...

Integrating artificial intelligence into resource-constrained clinics in South Asia

INTRODUCTION The global discourse on artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare often emphasizes resource-intensive infrastructure: Advanced graphics processing units, enterprise-level electronic health records (EHRs), and seamless highspeed connectivity. Yet across the healthcar...

Predicting fetal lung maturity using the fetal main pulmonary artery Doppler indices

Background: Non-invasive assessment of fetal main pulmonary artery (MPA) Doppler indices may provide a reliable predictor of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the MPA Doppler indices as predictors of neonatal RDS and t...

Comparison between two radiation schedules in palliative radiotherapy of head and neck cancer

Background: Advanced head and neck cancers frequently present at incurable stages, where palliative radiotherapy is essential for symptom control. Conventional hypofractionated schedules often cause significant toxicity. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare cl...

Serum cytokeratin-18 levels in patients with alcoholic liver disease with and without alcoholic hepatitis: A cross-sectional study at a tertiary care hospital in East Sikkim

Background: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) spans from steatosis to cirrhosis often presenting with or without alcoholic hepatitis (AH). Cytokeratin-18 (CK-18) has emerged as a potential biomarker in alcohol-related liver injury and may provide additional information beyond convent...

Emerging approaches to fertility preservation in women: A systematic review of clinical advances and ethical considerations

Fertility preservation has emerged as an important component of reproductive health care, particularly for women at risk of infertility due to medical treatments or delayed childbearing. Advances in cryopreservation techniques and increasing awareness have expanded its clinical a...

Diagnostic utility of polymerase chain reaction in Hansen’s disease: Correlation with clinical and histopathological findings

Background: Leprosy (Hansen’s disease), caused by Mycobacterium leprae, remains a source of morbidity, disability, and stigma despite India achieving elimination as a public health problem in 2005–2006. Early diagnosis is critical for timely treatment and prevention of transmissi...

Comparison between lignocaine patch and diclofenac patch on venepuncture pain relief in adult patients

Background: Venous cannulation and propofol injection are common sources of pain and distress in surgical patients. While lignocaine (lidocaine) patch and diclofenac patch have been compared separately with other interventions in several studies, both the drugs have not been eval...

Comparison of lignocaine spray 10% versus normal saline spray for pain relief during intravenous cannulation in adults

Background: Venepuncture, a simple procedure, is associated with pain, anxiety, and discomfort. While the application of coolant has been extensively studied, lignocaine (lidocaine) spray has been sparingly evaluated with variable advantages. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed...

Intramedullary epidermoid cyst of the thoracic spine without spinal dysraphism in a child: A rare case report with favorable surgical outcome

Intramedullary epidermoid cysts are extremely rare benign spinal lesions, especially in pediatric patients without associated spinal dysraphism or prior surgical history. We report a case of a 9-year-old female presenting with progressive spastic paraparesis and sensory deficits....