Research works
The research papers we track — the newest first. Works with a plain-language summary link to it.
128635 work(s)
- Materials & EnergyOpen access
A Tale of Two Heterocycles: How Oxygen and Sulfur Shape Divergent Kemp Reactivity
ABSTRACT The Kemp elimination is a well‐studied reaction that proceeds through the deprotonation of carbon‐3 of benzisoxazoles, coupled with irreversible ring opening by cleavage of the labile O‐N bond. The base‐catalyzed reaction is concerted, with no detectable intermediate. Du...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
No abstract available.
- BiologyOpen access
Abstract While lipid-based vesicles gain increasing attention as biomembrane models, artificial cells, and drug carriers, analytical investigation of their composition and integrity remains a major challenge, particularly for monitoring changes during processing and membrane tran...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
Human, AI, and Hybrid Ensembles for Detection of Adaptive, RL-based Social Bots
The use of reinforcement learning to dynamically adapt and evade detection is now well-documented in several cybersecurity settings including Covert Social Influence Operations (CSIOs), in which bots try to spread disinformation. While AI bot detectors have improved greatly, they...
- Climate & EnvironmentOpen access
Abstract. Space-borne ocean color sensors capable of measuring phytoplankton pigments, such as chlorophyll a, have greatly expanded our understanding of oceanic biological processes. The ability to generate such measurements in a way that satisfies the requirements of climate-qua...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
PCR: A Prefetch-Enhanced Cache Reuse System for Low-Latency RAG Serving
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly improves Large Language Models (LLMs) but introduces massive input sequences that severely bottleneck the prefill stage. While KV-cache reuse reduces redundant computation for shared document prefixes, the reusable KV working set...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
Ancient oceans: Lapetus Ocean and Mirovia Ocean
Mirovia is conjectured to be an ancient superocean that surrounded the supercontinent Rodinia in Neoproterozoic Era 1,000 million to 541 million years ago. Like Iapetus Ocean [2020] , the work is intended as a companion to my realtime generative "Tectonic" works Rodinia, Vaalbara...
- Climate & EnvironmentOpen access
Abstract. Near-inertial waves (NIWs) play a fundamental role in transferring wind energy into the ocean interior and sustaining diapycnal mixing, yet their wintertime characteristics and interactions with mesoscale eddies remain insufficiently understood. Using subsurface mooring...
- Engineering & TechnologyOpen access
Comprehensive VLBI observations of Galileo satellites with the AuScope array
Abstract Interest in the topic of geodetic co-location in space and space ties has recently intensified within the geodetic community, particularly following the approval of the European Space Agency’s Genesis mission. From the perspective of very long baseline interferometry (VL...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
Error semitransparent universal control of a bosonic logical qubit
Abstract Bosonic codes offer hardware-efficient quantum error correction, recently achieving beyond-breakeven quantum memory. However, fault-tolerant logical operations remain a critical bottleneck. While error transparent (ET) gates offer a pathway to resolve this, experimental...
- Physics & SpaceOpen access
In this study, we explore the possibility of modulating product selectivity (branching ratios) in post-transition-state bifurcation reactions via vibrational strong coupling (VSC) to an optical cavity. Detailed classical and quantum dynamical calculations on a model potential rev...
- BiologyOpen access
Efficient and robust control with spikes that constrain free energy
Animal brains exhibit remarkable efficiency in perception and action, while being robust to both external and internal perturbations. The means by which brains accomplish this remains, for now, poorly understood, hindering our understanding of animal and human cognition, as well...
- Society & EconomicsOpen access
Double liminality: Transitional imprisonment and the ambiguities of the open prison
This analysis reconceptualises open prisons as institutions of suspension rather than bridges to freedom. Extending penal liminality theory, it advances the concept of double liminality to explain how ‘transitional imprisonment’—custody whose boundary remains permeable in both di...
- Engineering & TechnologyOpen access
Beyond the outlet: How lateral seepage shapes controlled drainage performance in a sandy soil
Field data for controlled drainage and free drainage
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Dermoscopic images acquired in routine clinical practice frequently contain visual artifacts—such as hair, ruler markings, gel-related structures, or ink traces—that may obscure diagnostically relevant patterns and affect the performance of computer-aided diagnosis systems. Despi...
- Materials & EnergyOpen access
The influence of Y content on grain structure evolution in Mg-Y alloys
To advance the understanding of microstructural evolution behavior in Mg-rare earth alloys, the effect of yttrium (Y) addition on static recrystallization and grain growth in Mg alloys was systematically investigated in extruded Mg-1wt.%Y and Mg-7wt.%Y alloys. Y addition was foun...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Spatiotemporal noise stabilizes unbounded diversity in strongly competitive communities
Classical ecological models predict that diverse communities should be unstable, presenting a central challenge to explaining the stable biodiversity seen in nature. We revisit this long-standing problem by extending the generalized Lotka–Volterra model to include both spatial st...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
Random Points on $$\mathbb {S}^3$$ with Small Logarithmic Energy
We analyse several constructions of random point sets on the sphere $\mathbb{S}^{3}\subset\mathbb{R}^4$ evaluating and comparing them through their discrete logarithmic energy: \begin{equation*} E_0(ω_N) = \sum_{\substack{i, j=1\\ i \neq j}}^{N} \log\frac{1}{\|x_i - x_j\|}, \; \t...
- Engineering & TechnologyOpen access
Abstract. This manuscript is concerned with a two-component evolution system generalizing the classical model for one-dimensional thermoviscoelastic dynamics in Kelvin–Voigt materials in the presence of temperature-dependent viscosities and elastic stiffnesses. Under suitable ass...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
Demystifying Prediction-Powered Inference
Machine learning predictions are increasingly used to supplement incomplete or costly-to-measure outcomes in fields such as biomedical research, environmental science, and social science. However, treating predictions as ground truth introduces bias while ignoring them wastes val...