The Role of Family Problems in Self-Harm: A 5-Year Retrospective Chart Review

Abstract

Family problems are the most cited reason for self-harm behaviors in low- and middle-income countries. However, self-harm is often treated as an individual clinical problem rather than one framed by ecological and psychosocial contexts. This study examined the association between family problems and self-harm among individuals seeking treatment ( N = 1,340) at a tertiary care hospital in India. Nearly half (46.5%) identified family problems as a primary factor for self-harm. Significant associations were observed between reported family problems and gender (63% women), marital status (69% married), and occupation (33% homemakers). Findings highlight the substantial role of family dynamics in self-harm behavior. Prevention efforts should integrate socio-relational and cultural contexts, moving beyond traditional psychiatric approaches to address the broader social determinants of self-harm.