A Sustainable Approach for Effective Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Activity Against Cervical Cancer Cells Using Caesulia axillaris ‐Mediated Pt@Co 3 O 4 /rGO NCs

Abstract

ABSTRACT Herein, we report the biogenic synthesis of platinum‐doped cobalt oxide–reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (Pt@Co 3 O 4 /rGO NCs) via green approach using Caesulia axillaris leaf extract as both reducing and capping agents for multiple biological applications. As‐biosynthesized NCs was characterized by various analytical techniques. The XRD study demonstrated the crystalline nature of materials with an average crystallite size of 2.1 nm, while TEM revealed particle sizes around 8–14 nm. The Raman study confirmed elements doped with carbon materials. The EDS revealed an existence of desired elements, while XPS confirmed chemicals state of elements. Further, the biological activity of biosynthesized NCs evaluated against pathogenic microbes, cervical cancer cell line, inhibition of BSA protein and antioxidant activity. The research findings reveal biosynthesized NCs shows dose‐dependent biological activities. The biosynthesized NCs showed good potential against E. coli (17 ± 0.40 mm) and C. parapsilosis (17 ± 0.23 mm), with the highest growth inhibition at higher concentration of 200 µg/mL. Additionally, NCs showed concentration‐dependent cytotoxic response against ME‐180 (IC 50 :350 µg/mL), suggesting that the NCs is biocompatible only at lower doses. Furthermore, biosynthesized NCs exhibits significant inhibition of BSA protein (IC 50 :52.98 µg/mL) and antioxidant activity (IC 50 :18.85 µg/mL), suggesting a probable alternative for anti‐inflammatory and anti‐aging agents.