Has the situation changed? Spatio-temporal analysis of green spaces change and socioeconomic status in Liverpool, UK

Abstract

Although the benefits of green space to residents’ wellbeing are well documented, more evidence is needed to track socio-spatial inequalities. This paper applied exploratory spatial data analysis and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) to analyse the relationship between green spaces and neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation (NSD) in the Liverpool City Region (LCR) from 2010 to 2019. The analysis considers local praxis to illustrate variations in support for green-space investment. Results reveal persistent disparities despite policy efforts, while regeneration projects in deprived areas disrupted earlier patterns. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions in deprived areas.