Review on AI in Pharmacy

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology in healthcare and pharmaceutical sciences, significantly improving the efficiency, accuracy, and quality of healthcare services. AI refers to the capability of computer systems to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, including learning, reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making. In pharmacy, AI applications are rapidly expanding across various domains such as drug discovery, clinical diagnosis, pharmacovigilance, patient counseling, inventory management, and personalized medicine. AI-driven technologies including machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, robotics, and predictive analytics are helping healthcare professionals analyze large volumes of data, reduce medication errors, optimize therapeutic outcomes, and improve patient safety. In drug discovery and development, AI accelerates the identification of novel drug candidates, predicts toxicity, and reduces research costs and timelines. AI also enhances pharmacy practice through automated dispensing systems, intelligent inventory management, and telepharmacy services. Furthermore, AI-based diagnostic tools improve disease detection and support evidence-based clinical decision-making. Despite these advantages, challenges such as data privacy concerns, regulatory limitations, high implementation costs, and lack of infrastructure continue to affect the widespread adoption of AI in healthcare. This review article highlights the history, classification, applications, advantages, and current challenges of AI in pharmacy and healthcare. The study emphasizes the growing role of AI in transforming pharmaceutical care and improving healthcare delivery while identifying the need for ethical and regulatory frameworks for its effective implementation.