Earth and Planetary Sciences · Geophysics
Researchers developed an AI system that rapidly estimates where a tsunami began and the earthquake fault conditions that produced it. Tests with simulated data and real observations from Japan’s 2024 Hyuga-nada earthquake produced source estimates within a few minutes.
Recordings from 24 earthquakes show that peak ground acceleration understated a mountain slope’s response at a specific frequency. The slope’s response was 6.67 times that of a valley reference at about 3.6 hertz, while the corresponding peak-acceleration ratio was 1.13.
Researchers used seismic signals produced when thunder’s sound waves enter the ground to image the shallow subsurface beneath an urban karst setting. The method identified several previously undetected weak zones, some of which matched surface deformation and independent underground surveys.
