Virginia Tech

An open-source, physics-aware, data-driven tool for automated particle image velocimetry post-processing

Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is a powerful diagnostic tool for analyzing the properties and structures of laminar and turbulent flows. Modern PIV systems provide high spatial and temporal resolution measurements, often generating hundreds of gigabytes of raw data. Before thes...

A 3D Shell Tire Model with Numerical Approximation

Tires are of particular significance in vehicle studies, as they are the connection between the vehicle and the terrain. The tire model proposed in this study treats the tire as an elastic circular cylindrical shell on a nonlinear elastic foundation, with the goal of addressing t...

Push and pull factors of relocation in the coastal zone: what matters most?

Abstract Permanent relocation is increasingly proposed as an effective long-term strategy for coastal areas affected by recurrent flooding. While the literature on coastal relocation has been steadily growing—particularly on policy processes, financial mechanisms, and lived exper...

Accuracy of commercial pollen forecasts in the United States

Approximately 80 million Americans suffer from seasonal pollen allergies, and many rely on commercial pollen forecasts to guide exposure reduction and medication timing. However, these forecasts are proprietary, and their accuracy has never been comprehensively evaluated. Here, w...

Constraining Dust Formation in the Superluminous Supernova 2017gci with JWST Observations

Abstract We present JWST/MIRI observations of the Type I superluminous supernova (SLSN) 2017gci obtained over 2000 rest-frame days after the supernova (SN) exploded, which represent the latest phase images taken of any known SLSN to date. We find that archival Wide-field Infrared...

Machine Learning on Heterogeneous, Edge, and Quantum Hardware for Particle Physics

The next generation of particle physics experiments will face an era of challenges in data acquisition, due to unprecedented data rates and volumes along with extreme environments and operational constraints. Harnessing these data for scientific discovery demands real-time infere...

Understanding histotripsy ablation safety: a systematic review of pre-clinical and clinical adverse events

Abstract Histotripsy is the first cavitation-based ablation modality. Given limited clinical experience, synthesis of pre-clinical and early clinical data is essential to guide safe adoption. A PubMed and SCOPUS search was performed focused on pre-clinical and clinical adverse ev...

Heel movement and foot biomechanics in aluminium nail‐on and indirect glue‐on fabric cuff shoes in horses

Abstract Background Heel movement is critical to shock absorption and vascular perfusion of the equine digit. Conventional horseshoeing techniques are suspected to restrict natural hoof deformation, affecting hoof biomechanics. Several studies have explored the effects of shoeing...

The overlooked role of food and cultural dimensions in recreational fisheries

Our study examines the diversity of values within a superficially homogeneous recreational fishery and its relationship to angler diversity. We collected data on fishing preferences, behaviors, catch usage, and sociodemographics from 443 shore anglers across 10 cities in the lowe...

Resistance indicators in sewage microbiota mirror clinical antibiotic use with temporal lag linked to host

Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) offers a promising window into community pathogens but extending it to antibiotic resistance (AR) is complicated by ecological and physical processes within sewer systems. The epidemiological meaning of antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) abundanc...

Butyric Acid Production from Wheat Straw Biomass by Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation and High-Productivity Reactors

Sustainable production of biofuels and chemicals by green fermentation routes is becoming attractive. In this paper, the production of butyric acid by fermentation of wheat straw is studied. This conversion process requires biomass milling, pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation,...

AUTOMATING INTERACTION DYNAMICS NOTATION FOR REAL-TIME TEAM ANALYSIS

Abstract Communication plays a central role in how engineering design teams generate ideas, negotiate decisions, and make progress. Interaction Dynamics Notation (IDN) offers a structured way to study these interactions, but its reliance on manual, post hoc coding limits how wide...

Teaching STEAM in Secondary General Music Using Scratch and Makey Makey: Part II

Building on the conceptual foundation introduced in Part I, this article presents a practical example of technology-enhanced STEAM learning in secondary general music using Scratch and Makey Makey. Guided by the 5E Instructional Model, the lesson engages students in creative musi...

Effects of microwave or infrared radiation on protein ruminal degradation and in vitro intestinal digestibility in feedstuffs

Microbial crude protein ( MCP ) is the main source of amino acids ( AA ) in the small intestine, followed by rumen undegraded protein ( RUP ). Due to limited MCP synthesis and increased AA demand in high-producing ruminants, strategies to enhance intestinal protein availability a...

Conformal ZrC Interphase for ZrB2 Ceramics from a Solvent-Activated Metallopolymer

Abstract Implementing the advantages of preceramic polymers in modern ultra-high temperature ceramic (UHTC) manufacturing remains a significant challenge due to the limited preceramic polymer chemistry, which often is not fully amenable to ceramic processing conditions. Here, we...

Influence of Polymer Hydrophilicity on Solvent-Driven Rare-Earth Element Binding Thermodynamics and Heat Capacity Changes

Abstract Rare-earth elements (REEs: La–Lu, Y, Sc) are critical to modern technology; however, their acquisition, purification, and separation from each other can be challenging, and current methods are often environmentally damaging. Metal-binding polymers are a promising materia...

Alzheimer’s disease neuropathological characterization of the dog brain and relationship to biofluid biomarkers and cognitive function

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting more than 55 million people worldwide and is characterized by cognitive decline, amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles. Although transgenic rodent models have advanced understanding of...

Carboxypeptidase activity drives L,D-transpeptidase essentiality during vegetative growth and sporulation in Clostridioides difficile

ABSTRACT In most bacteria, peptidoglycan contains mainly 4-3 crosslinks formed by penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). However, in the opportunistic pathogen Clostridioides difficile , 70% of the crosslinks are 3-3 crosslinks formed by L,D-transpeptidases (LDTs), and LDTs are esse...

Metabolic and neural responses to ultraprocessed foods: a randomized, controlled, crossover study

Dietary patterns worldwide have shifted toward increased consumption of ultraprocessed foods (UPFs), which has been linked to higher disease burden. One proposed mechanism underlying both UPF consumption and metabolic disease is altered post-ingestive responses relative to nutrit...

Organizational Factors Impacting Implementation of Evidence-based Practices for Autistic Youth: A Mixed Methods Evaluation of Virginia’s Community Mental Health System

Abstract Despite elevated rates of co-occurring mental health needs among autistic youth, availability of and access to mental and behavioral health evidence-based practices (EBPs) remain limited in U.S. community-based settings. Further, community-based service systems are compl...