Virginia Commonwealth University

Assessing and Addressing Frailty in Candidates for Lung Transplantation: An ISHLT Consensus Statement.

The ISHLT Consensus document for the selection of lung transplant candidates recommends frailty assessment as part of a comprehensive candidacy evaluation. Missing from this and other recent consensus documents were practical recommendations on which frailty measures to consider...

APPROXIMATION THEORY AND ELEMENTARY SUBMODELS

Abstract Approximation Theory uses nicely-behaved subcategories to understand entire categories, just as projective modules are used to approximate arbitrary modules in classical homological algebra. We use set-theoretic elementary submodel arguments to give new, short proofs of...

Engineering defects and ion pathways in MOF membranes for advanced low-concentration CO2 capture and photocatalytic conversion

Efficient capture and conversion of low-concentration CO 2 (10–15 vol% in industrial flue gas, ∼420 ppm in ambient air) remains a critical bottleneck for carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) toward global carbon neutrality. Conventional stepwise "capture-then-conversion...

Breast cancer therapy associated changes in thoracic aortic distensibility in those with or without hypertension (UPBEAT WF-97415)

Aortic stiffness or reduced distensibility may contribute to adverse cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction and stroke. This study assessed changes in thoracic ascending aortic distensibility (AAD) in breast cancer (BC) patients receiving potentially cardiotoxic ch...

Association of Depression and Anxiety With Postoperative Complications After Septoplasty With Turbinoplasty

OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the association between comorbid depression and anxiety and postoperative complications following septoplasty with turbinoplasty, and assess whether treatment of these conditions influences surgical outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study with prop...

US Life Expectancy and Increasing Mortality Rates: An Analysis of the Crisis

Policy Points US life expectancy is shorter than in other high-income countries and the gap has widened dramatically over time, driven in particular by rising mortality rates that threaten the probability that youth can survive to middle age, or even adulthood. Policy priorities...

Approved Medications for Substance Use Disorders: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Completed Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Trials

This umbrella review of systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and completed phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) over the past 10 years covers approved pharmacological treatments for substance use disorders (SUD) worldwide, providing clinicians and researchers with a detailed...

Detection of emergent multiple predator effects in a warming world

Predicting the influence of predators on food webs remains challenging, particularly when multiple predator species share a common prey species. In these cases, interactive effects (termed 'emergent' multiple predator effects; MPEs) can cause predators to have stronger or weaker...

An Accelerated Longitudinal Design Study Examining Emotional Engagement toward Learning Science from Grades 3 through 12

Abstract As educators, we often see the enthusiasm for learning science in schools starting out strong in primary years and then fading as student progress into middle and secondary school. The motivation of this study is to offer a picture of how students’ emotional engagement i...

Coated or chewable Aspirin and a hybrid air pollution mitigation strategy in patients with atherosclerotic disease: Rationale and Design of the COATED-AIR Randomized Trial.

BACKGROUND: Although enteric-coated aspirin is widely used instead of chewable formulations in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), its effects on cardiovascular and gastrointestinal outcomes remain uncertain. Separately, air pollution is a driver of car...

The nucleoside analog kamuvudine-9 shows protective and therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis

Innate immune signaling through inflammasome activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). We previously demonstrated that nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), drugs approved to treat HIV and hepatitis B virus infections, and kamuv...

Sex-Specific Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Skeletal Muscle After Immobilization

Abstract Purpose Periods of disuse can cause changes to the musculoskeletal system, particularly impacting the composition and strength of skeletal muscle. While many studies have investigated changes in muscle phenotype after unloading, the majority of these studies were perform...

Representation of Craniofacial Differences With a Focus on Cleft Lip and Palate in Children's Books

ObjectiveTo characterize bibliotherapy resources addressing cleft lip and/or palate and craniofacial differences.DesignExploratory review.SettingPublisher websites, online retailers, and advocacy organization resources.ParticipantsCommercially available English-language children'...

Hospitalisation in cirrhosis is linked to distinct gut microbiome structural and functional profiles: a multinational metagenomic study

Background Hospitalisations represent major clinical events in cirrhosis, yet prediction based on clinical variables alone remains limited. Objective Given the role of the gut microbiome in disease progression, we evaluated whether gut metagenomic profiles are associated with 90-...

Integrative AI-assisted modeling suggests CPPF binding at a composite α/β-tubulin interface pocket dominated by β-tubulin contacts

Microtubules are dynamic cytoskeletal polymers assembled from α / β -tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules are validated targets for novel therapeutic drugs, yet therapeutic efficacy targeting them is often compromised by multidrug resistance (MDR). 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-N-(3-pyridinyl...

Hedonic and eudaimonic pathways of self-forgiveness and suicide-related cognitions in trinidad and tobago: a quantile regression approach

Abstract Self-forgiveness is a multidimensional construct involving both hedonic processes, primarily related to fostering self-compassion and alleviating self-condemnation, and eudaimonic processes, focused on moral repair and value reorientation. While previous research has lin...

The impact of status on the resource position and financial performance of small and minority-owned enterprises

Abstract Utilizing the resource-based view and social stratification theory, this paper analyzes the impact of enterprise owners’ societally-imposed status on the resource position and financial performance of their small enterprises. We find significant differences exist between...

Epigenetic age acceleration is not strongly associated with cardiorespiratory fitness in heart failure: a pilot study

Background In heart failure (HF), standard measures such as left ventricular ejection fraction and cardiopulmonary exercise testing incompletely capture interindividual differences in disease status or prognosis. DNA methylation (DNAm) epigenetic clocks, which estimate biological...

High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features: a clinical and genomic analysis of prognostic factors using a large cohort

BACKGROUND: High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently defined tumor type that is not well-understood. Prognostic factors of clinical outcomes are not well-established. METHODS: Methylation profiling was performed on tumor samples, many at the National Cance...

Feasibility and Outcomes of High Intensity Arm Training in Stroke

Importance Aerobic intensity is well supported in poststroke gait rehabilitation, but its role in upper extremity rehabilitation is unclear. Objective Examine whether aerobic intensity is associated with upper extremity recovery and self-care performance. Design Retrospective obs...