University of Science and Technology of China

Addressing Span Imbalance and Semantic Complexity in Nested Medical Named Entity Recognition

As a fundamental task in biomedical natural language processing, Medical Named Entity Recognition (MNER) aims to identify and classify medical entities from unstructured medical texts. A major challenge in this task is the prevalence of nested entities, which arise from the synta...

When can enhancement-permissive sport count as harm reduction? A legitimacy test for the enhanced games

Abstract Background The Enhanced Games publicly permit performance-enhancing substances and thereby challenge prohibition-centred anti-doping regimes. The event’s proponents invoke transparency, medical supervision, science and athlete autonomy to argue that open and supervised e...

Transformation of Active Sites on Cobalt Sulfide Nanoclusters With Similar Nuclearities

Reduced cobalt sulfide nanoclusters are promising materials; however, their synthesis has long posed significant challenges due to the high reactivity of both cobalt and sulfur. Furthermore, the respective influence of cobalt and sulfur on the properties remains unknown. Herein,...

Superradiant phonon laser with collective spin control

Hybrid systems consisting of phonon resonators and solid-state spin ensembles offer a unique opportunity for the study of emerging driven-dissipative quantum many-body physics. Our theoretical analysis shows that in such a phonon-matter hybrid system, the interplay of coherent an...

Effect of Structural Similarity Between Dopants and Matrices in Organic Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence Materials: “Like Dissolves Like”

ABSTRACT Host–guest doping has emerged as a facile and efficient strategy for the fabrication of organic room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials. Nonetheless, how the chemical structures of dopants and matrices systematically influence the triplet exciton dynamics of sol...

Alkali Metal Cation‐Regulated Interfacial Electric Fields Enable Selective C─H Oxidation via Reactive Oxygen Species

ABSTRACT Precise control over C─H oxidation remains challenging due to the intrinsic coupling between the generation and reactivity of oxygen‐based oxidants. Here, we identify the interfacial electric field as an effective reaction coordinate that decouples these processes, enabl...

New constraints on cosmic-ray boosted sub-Gev dark matter via light mediators

Abstract Traditional direct detection experiments lack the sensitivity to probe the sub-GeV dark matter(DM), primarily due to the low energy of the expected nuclear recoils. In this work, we investigate cosmic-ray (CR) upscattering as a mechanism to accelerate DM particles to det...

Transformation of Active Sites on Cobalt Sulfide Nanoclusters With Similar Nuclearities

ABSTRACT Reduced cobalt sulfide nanoclusters are promising materials; however, their synthesis has long posed significant challenges due to the high reactivity of both cobalt and sulfur. Furthermore, the respective influence of cobalt and sulfur on the properties remains unknown....

Machine learning enabled kinetic prediction and inverse design of sonoelectrochemical oxidation: Molecular descriptor integration, applicability domain assessment, and experimental verification

Sonoelectrochemical oxidation (US-EC) is a promising method for removing emerging pollutants, but its degradation kinetics are influenced by the interactions between operating conditions, reactor characteristics, and pollutant properties. This study developed an machine learning...

Alkali Metal Cation‐Regulated Interfacial Electric Fields Enable Selective C─H Oxidation via Reactive Oxygen Species

ABSTRACT Precise control over C─H oxidation remains challenging due to the intrinsic coupling between the generation and reactivity of oxygen‐based oxidants. Here, we identify the interfacial electric field as an effective reaction coordinate that decouples these processes, enabl...

Model Inversion Attacks Through Target-Specific Conditional Diffusion Models

Model inversion attacks (MIAs) aim to reconstruct private images from a target classifier's training set, thereby raising privacy concerns in AI applications. Previous GAN-based MIAs tend to suffer from inferior generative fidelity due to GANs’ inherent flaws and biased optimizat...

Star formation powers optical line emission from the CGM

Using integral field spectroscopy, we explore the disk-halo interface, or the inner circumgalactic medium (CGM), of individual galaxies by constructing and analyzing emission-line maps for a large sample (72) of normal, low-redshift galaxies spanning three orders of magnitude in...

Ultra‐High Contrast Terahertz Modulation and Pixelated Display Based on VO 2 Metasurface

ABSTRACT The development of high‐performance, dynamically reconfigurable devices is important for advancing Terahertz (THz) technology. Vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ), a metal‐insulator transition oxide with a near‐room‐temperature critical point, is promising for infrared (IR) and THz...

Kidney fibrosis is mediated by GARP-restricted TGF-β activation in fibroblasts

TGF-β is a central driver of kidney fibrosis, a common pathological hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Initiation of TGF-β signaling requires not only its synthesis but also the conversion of latent TGF-β to its bioactive form. However, the mechanisms governing TGF-β activ...

Precise resistance training alleviates osteosarcopenia via the GLP-1/myostatin path: a 32-week randomized controlled trial and molecular mechanism study

Background: With the ageing of the global population, osteoporosis poses a serious challenge to elderly health. Purpose: The aim is to explore the intervention effect and molecular mechanism of resistance training (RT) based on precise mechanical load monitoring on patients with...

Gas absorption of soft X-rays strongly impacts the redshift distribution of dark Fast X-ray Transients

Abstract The progenitors of many Fast X-ray Transients (FXTs) and those of γ-ray bursts (GRBs) are strongly linked. Given that ”dark” GRBs are typically found to be events suffering from enhanced extinction in the host galaxy, we investigate the nature of ”dark” FXTs. However, un...

Mechanistic insights into HipA‐mediated bacterial persistence: Role of initial cellular states and toxin expression kinetics

Abstract Persistent bacteria subpopulations showing multidrug tolerance pose significant challenges to antibiotic therapy. While the HipBA toxin–antitoxin (TA) system is known to play a role in persister formation, existing studies predominantly focus on its kinase activity and i...

Dual‐Pathway Regulation by Diphenyl Guanidine Enhancing Sulfur Utilization in Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile Synthesis

ABSTRACT The introduction of vulcanization accelerator (VA) can effectively reduce the amount of sulfur precursor in Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) synthesis, improving sulfur utilization efficiency and thus promoting the commercial application of SPAN. Nevertheless, the mec...

Asymmetrically Coordinated p ‐Block Aluminum Single‐Atom Sites for Stable Na─S Batteries

ABSTRACT Main‐group metal single‐atom catalysts (SACs) are promising for sodium−sulfur (Na─S) batteries owing to their low toxicity and economic viability, yet their inherently poor catalytic activity limits the electrochemical performance. Moreover, the electronic interplay invo...

Multi-Temperature VOCs + OH Rate Coefficients Prediction via GCN Constrained by the Arrhenius Equation

Abstract Based on the accumulation of the high-quality databases from experimental measurements and theoretical calculations, data-driven machine learning approaches has been widely applied to rate coefficient prediction. However, most existing models are confined to single-tempe...