University of Pisa

Momentum-based access and speed control for improved safety in heterogeneous road networks

The increasing variety of means of transportation, including light vehicles like e-scooters and e-bikes, together with the increasing weight of conventional vehicles due to electrification and consumer preferences for SUVs, are raising serious concerns regarding the safety of roa...

Socio-hydrogeology: The past, present, and future of a people-centred and place-based approach to groundwater science

Groundwater systems are shaped by deeply interwoven physical processes and social dynamics, yet traditional hydrogeological approaches have often treated these domains separately. Over the past decade, socio-hydrogeology has emerged in response, offering an approach that systemat...

Walk Based Laplacians for Modeling Diffusion on Complex Networks

Abstract We develop a novel framework for modeling diffusion on complex networks by constructing Laplacian-like operators based on walks around a graph. Our approach introduces a parametric family of walk-based Laplacians that naturally incorporate memory effects by excluding or...

Error Formulas for Block Rational Krylov Approximations of Matrix Functions

Abstract. This paper investigates explicit expressions for the error associated with the block rational Krylov approximation of matrix functions. Two formulas are proposed, both derived from characterizations of the residual of the block full orthogonal method. The first formula...

Hormone therapy ( HT ) in women with premature ovarian insufficiency or early menopause: Time to think of a new paradigm for healthy aging. A joint FIGO and IMS position paper

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and early menopause (EM) affect millions of women worldwide. Compared with normal menopause, they confer a longer duration of estrogen deficiency and are associated not only with a shorter lifespan, but with a reduced healthspan, owing to an...

Comparative cytoarchitectural and proteomic analysis of the primary motor cortex in pigs and wild boars reveals domestication associated changes

Background Domestication appears to modify the morphology and physiology of the central nervous system. Owing to the limited availability of proteomic and cytoarchitectural data for comparisons between wild and domesticated species, we conducted a comparative analysis of the cyto...

European S2k guidelines for hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa Part 1. Epidemiology, diagnosis and clinical assessment

BACKGROUND: This first part of the S2k guidelines is an update of the 2015 S1 European guidelines based on the structured assessment of clinically relevant topics by the panel of experts. It is complemented by Part 2, which deals with treatments. OBJECTIVES: These guidelines aim...

Neuromorphic tactile sensing and haptic display enable fine distributed cutaneous feedback in telepresence

Abstract Touch encoding and display is still an unmet need in advanced robotics and telepresence, although somatosensation is crucial to enable safe human-machine cooperation and remote interaction. This study presents an Integrated Neuromorphic Tactile-Haptic Interface System (I...

Does Women’s Political Empowerment Matter for Income Inequality?

This study investigates the relationship between women’s political empowerment and income inequality in a global sample of 142 countries from 1990 to 2019. Employing a combination of machine learning techniques with an instrumental variable panel data approach, the analysis revea...

Shockwave‐Induced Myoblast Exosome‐Like Vesicles: Emerging Drivers of Muscle Regeneration

ABSTRACT Exosomes, a subset of nanosized extracellular vesicles, are key mediators of intracellular communication that show growing therapeutic potential in skeletal muscle regeneration. By shuttling bioactive cargoes between cells, they modulate recipient cell behavior, influenc...

Announcing The Lancet Regional Health—Europe series on the alarming surge of early-onset colorectal cancer: a multidisciplinary call to action

The rising incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), defined as a diagnosis in adults younger than 50 years, has emerged as a critical global public health challenge.1 While colorectal cancer (CRC) rates in older populations have stabilized or declined due to successful...

From Seeds to Plantlets: The Impact of Priming on Ornamental Plants as a Tool for Enhancing Stress Resilience

Ornamental plants constitute an important sector of the agricultural market, with global relevance. The impacts of climate change also affect flowering plants, increasing susceptibility to stress conditions. The most common effects are related to germination capacity and uniformi...

The International Labour Organization and the North–South divide over global migration governance (1971–1975)

Drawing primarily on primary sources, this article applies the policy cycle framework to examine the debates within the International Labour Organization (ILO) from the early to the mid-1970s on the regulation of international labour migration. It argues that these discussions cr...

Integrative taxonomy reveals multiple Mediterranean invasions by Indo-Pacific Dorvillea (Annelida, Dorvilleidae)

Abstract Biological invasions are a major driver of global biodiversity loss, with the Mediterranean Sea among the most heavily invaded marine regions. However, identification and monitoring of Non-Indigenous Species (NIS) are hindered by taxonomic uncertainty and cryptic diversi...

Local minimality of the truncated octahedron for the isoperimetric problem on parallelohedra

Abstract We investigate the isoperimetric problem for the Voronoi cells of three-dimensional lattices. Using Selling parameters, we derive an explicit closed formula for the scale-invariant isoperimetric quotient F in terms of six non-negative variables. We then analyse the local...

Up‐regulation of the kinase LRRK2, in enteric glia contributes to mucosal barrier impairment in Parkinson's disease via secretory autophagy

Background and Purpose Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) show intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) alterations, enteric gliosis and inflammation that could contribute to gastrointestinal symptoms. Moreover, changes in leucine rich‐repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) expression/activity h...

Building sets, Chow rings, and their Hilbert series

Abstract We establish formulas for the Hilbert series of the Chow ring of a polymatroid using arbitrary building sets. For braid matroids and minimal building sets, our results produce new formulas for the Poincaré polynomial of the moduli space $$\overline{\mathcal {M}}_{0,n+1}$...

Mapping Corporate Harm to Human Rights and the Environment: The Brave Database

Abstract Mapping and measuring corporate harm to human rights and the environment remains difficult due to limited data transparency and inconsistent reporting standards. Yet robust information is essential to understand the magnitude of the problem, track progress and support an...

A Modified Delphi consensus on early management of combined cardiovascular risk factors in adult patients with type 2 diabetes in Italy

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex chronic disease often associated with other metabolic conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease and early mortality. Hence, early, integrated management of T2D may prevent long-term CV complications. METHODS: T...

Data-Driven Ensemble Machine Learning for Multi-Horizon Microalgal Bioprocess Forecasting

Microalgal bioprocesses increasingly rely on predictive modelling to support automated control and reduce the cost of laboratory experimentation. Yet, the scarcity of high-quality datasets and the nonlinear nature of microalgal growth severely limit the accuracy and robustness of...