University of Massachusetts Amherst

Techno-Economic Analysis of Axial-Flow Current Turbines Applied to the US Virgin Islands

The Small Island Developing States (SIDS) face a myriad of energy challenges due to their dependence on imported fossil fuels and increased rates of natural disasters, resulting in high electricity costs and grid instability. Marine current energy continues to be an emerging ener...

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Hypoglycemia Alarms in Critical Care: Clinical Utility and Workflow Integration

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been associated with reductions in inpatient hypoglycemia; however, little is known about the performance and integration of CGM hypoglycemia alerts and alarms in the intensive care unit (ICU). We evaluated hypoglycemia signal f...

Nutrient stress reduces the extent but increases the intensity of root-driven destabilization of mineral-associated organic matter

Abstract Mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) constitutes a vast terrestrial carbon reservoir, yet its vulnerability to plant root activity remains poorly constrained. Here, we show that MAOM destabilization by plant roots is governed by two distinct factors: the overall exte...

The impact of a randomized controlled trial of a lifestyle intervention on postpartum physical activity among predominantly Puerto Rican women with overweight and obesity: Proyecto Mamá

Engaging in physical activity during pregnancy decreases the risk of gestational diabetes and excessive weight gain, thereby reducing postpartum risk of type 2 diabetes and postpartum weight retention. Such long-term adverse health outcomes disproportionately affect Hispanic wome...

CentroFinder: a multi-feature framework for de novo prediction of fungal regional centromeres

Abstract Motivation Centromeres are essential chromosomal loci, yet their computational identification remains challenging due to rapid sequence evolution, high repeat content, and the absence of conserved defining motifs. This challenge is particularly pronounced in fungi, where...

The Impact of Medicaid Managed Long-Term Services and Supports on Nursing Home Staffing and Care Diversion: A Staggered Difference-In-Differences Approach

State governments have increasingly adopted Medicaid managed long-term services and supports (MLTSS) programs. Drawing on data from nursing homes in six states that implemented mandatory statewide MLTSS between 2010 and 2014, this study examines MLTSS impacts on care diversion an...

Dissecting Maize Aerial Meristems

The plant kingdom displays a wide array of shapes, and this morphology is tightly linked to function and productivity. For example, leaf size, shape, and arrangement around the stem define canopy architecture, influencing light interception and photosynthetic capacity. Understand...

ActiveFusion: Fused Representations Improve Active Learning for Molecular Property Prediction

Abstract Active learning provides an efficient strategy for molecular property prediction by iteratively prioritizing compounds for experimental evaluation. However, the effectiveness of active learning pipelines depends strongly on the choice of molecular representation, and sys...

Artificial Intelligence Across the PET Reconstruction Pipeline: An Update

PET reconstruction has evolved from analytic and iterative physics-based methods toward hybrid approaches that increasingly incorporate artificial intelligence (AI). As digital detectors, long-axial FOV systems, and time-of-flight technology increase data richness and computation...

Medicaid ACO Implementation and Pediatric Asthma Care Equity

OBJECTIVES: Poorly controlled asthma disproportionately impacts children from lower-income and racially or ethnically minority groups. We examined whether Massachusetts Medicaid Accountable Care Organization (ACO) implementation was associated with improved pediatric asthma care...

Bioorthogonal Polymer Nanozymes for Effective Treatment of Bacterial Wound Biofilm Infections

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are a rapidly emerging healthcare crisis. The challenge of MDR bacteria is further exacerbated through biofilm formation that limits effective drug penetration and hinders the ability of the host immune system to clear the infection....

Outgroup representation in close networks shows a nonlinear association with mental well-being

Building on research linking social diversity to well-being, we examined how racial outgroup representation in individuals’ close social networks relates to mental well-being during two periods of heightened societal stress: the COVID-19 pandemic and a polarized election period....

Positive Joint Work Redistribution in Running: The Role of Plantar Flexor Fatigue and the Effect of Advanced Footwear Technology

Abstract Over the course of a near-maximal effort 10 km run, positive mechanical work decreases at the ankle and increases at the knee. Although plantar flexor fatigue is believed to be responsible for the proximal shift in mechanical work generation, this has yet to be confirmed...

Pogostone as a bioactive natural compound with potential relevance for functional foods, nutraceuticals, and food preservation: a review

Pogostone, a characteristic secondary metabolite of Pogostemon cablin , has recently gained attention due to its diverse biological activities and potential relevance as a bioactive compound for functional food development. This review summarizes current knowledge on the origin,...

CGRP inhibition in the PBN shifts defensive strategy from freezing to active avoidance in a platform-based active avoidance paradigm

Elucidating the neural circuits that govern the selection between passive freezing and active avoidance can provide insights into maladaptive defensive behaviours. One candidate neural substrate is calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expressing neurons in the parabrachial nucl...

Anaplasma phagocytophilum Variant 1 from White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Feeding Ixodes scapularis Larvae

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a tick-borne bacterium and the causative agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis. Two major variants have been identified in North America: a human pathogenic variant (Ap-ha) that is maintained by small mammals and a nonpathogenic variant (Ap-v1) tha...

From classroom to contested environments: A sustained College–Industry partnership model for applied innovation and workforce development

This case study examines a sustained, client-funded partnership between Albion College’s Albion College Community Collaborative (AC3) and Black & Rossi LLC in the development of the Commercial Resource Optimization System (CROS), a web-based logistics tool designed for use in dis...

Implicit boundaries are remembered better than non-boundaries in statistical learning

Changes in temporal context have been shown to impact episodic memory of the "boundary" items involved in creating this temporal context. However, in most prior studies, changes in temporal context have been operationalised explicitly, typically through perceptually obvious visua...

The context of sport as theoretical leverage: advancing institutional theory through race and organizational behavior analyses

Purpose This paper argues that sport offers a rich and underutilized context for advancing institutional analyses of race and organizational behavior. Sport, as an empirical context, is highly visible, emotionally charged and a socially embedded institution where internal and ext...

Dietary Fat Intake and Mortality Among Patients With Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer

Importance There are 3.5 million prostate cancer survivors in the US, with a need for evidence-based lifestyle recommendations that improve survivorship. Objective To assess whether consumption of specific dietary fats after diagnosis is associated with long-term survival among p...