University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Parent-of-origin dependent allelic regulation of social behaviors in mice by noncanonically imprinted monoamine synthesis genes

Monoamine neurotransmitters are central regulators of social behavior, yet it is unknown whether genomic imprinting of genes within their signaling pathways modulate these behaviors. The monoamine synthesis genes tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) and dopa decarboxylase (Ddc) exhibit tiss...

Rater State Bias in RLHF Preference Data: An Audit Framework

We identify a structured confound in Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF). Pairwise preference labels are intended to reflect the compared outputs. They may also reflect the rater's state during annotation. Under sustained stressful or distressing conditions, a rater...

Ecosocial environments and chronic lower respiratory disease mortality: a nationwide ecological study

Chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD) is a leading cause of death in the United States and imposes a substantial economic burden. Ecosocial environments are closely linked to population health, yet nationwide evidence on their associations with CLRD mortality remains limited....

Integrating an Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) Literacy Feature Into Shared Storybook Reading for Autistic Children Who Need or Rely on AAC

PURPOSE: This study explored the impact of integrating an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) literacy feature (Transition to Literacy [T2L] initial-letter sound feature), adapted to target letter-sound correspondence, within a grid-based AAC topic display on the acc...

Longitudinal Awake Mouse Brain Imaging Using Functional Ultrasound and Functional Ultrasound Localization Microscopy

Functional ultrasound (fUS), ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM), and functional ULM (fULM) are three emerging brain ultrasound imaging techniques that measure the cerebrovascular structure and function at different spatial scales. Here we establish an awake, longitudinal fU...

Hypergraph Counting and Fluctuations of Mixed p-Spin Glass Models at High Temperature

Abstract Fluctuation problems in mean-field spin glass theory enjoy a rich history. In this paper, we investigate this problem in the high-temperature regime by analyzing the fluctuation of the partition function in the general mixed p -spin glass models under the weak external f...

Decoupling the Role of Nanoparticle Rigidity and Chemistry in Particle Transport through the Brain Parenchyma

Abstract Drug delivery to the brain involves challenging transportation across multiple biological barriers. Despite the great tunability of polymeric nanoparticles, the synthetic challenge of varying the physical property of a nanoparticle without varying its chemical formulatio...

Evaluation of perennial Glycine species for response to Meloidogyne incognita, Rotylenchulus reniformis, and Pratylenchus penetrans

species.

Polyacrylamide Network Permeation in Hyaluronic Acid and Poly- l -lysine Complex Coacervates

Abstract For many biomolecular condensates, complex coacervation occurs in a viscoelastic medium, which can permeate the droplets and regulate phase separation. Here, we study the permeation of complex coacervate droplets composed of hyaluronic acid (HA) and poly-l-lysine (PLL) i...

Exploring future sustainable urban transport through scenarios: a critical review of contemporary practice

Under deep uncertainty, long-range transport forecasts are prone to inaccuracy. Scenario planning – a foresight approach from futures studies – offers a means to explore different long-range transport possibilities while also engaging transport stakeholders. Transport scenario na...

Effects of a Mushroom-Based β-Glucan and Bovine Colostrum Blend on the Gastrointestinal Health and Immune Function of Healthy Adult Dogs

Abstract Mushroom-derived β-glucans and bovine colostrum have potential roles in modulating gut health and immune function, but limited data are available regarding their effects on the gut microbiome, microbial metabolites, and immune responsiveness in adult dogs. Twenty healthy...

Show them you care: Black travelers’ recommendations for destination social advocacy

Identity-based legitimacy crises emerge when social movements expose organizational complicity in systemic inequalities. These events threaten legitimacy across specific legitimacy dimensions simultaneously. To better understand how individuals facing identity-based crises would...

SN 2024iss: A Multiwavelength Exposé of a Type IIb Supernova with an Early-time Ultraviolet Spectrum and Shock-breakout Constraints

Abstract We present multiwavelength observations and analysis of SN 2024iss, a Type IIb supernova (SN IIb) located at ∼14 Mpc. The first Zwicky Transient Facility detection of SN 2024iss is ∼40 minutes after first light (one of the earliest detections of a SN IIb to date) and a H...

An Interview with Dr. Peter Hansen

Romana A Nowak; An Interview with Dr. Peter Hansen, Biology of Reproduction, , ioag212, https://doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioag212

Genome-Edited Nuruk-Derived Yeast for Enhancing Quality and Flavor of Fermented Foods

Abstract While esters are known to provide fruity and floral characteristics, their production is often insufficient to meet consumer preferences. In this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae N9 isolated from Korean nuruk (fermentation starter) was engineered using Cas9-based genome e...

Evidence of parental care as a newly identified reproductive isolating barrier

). In the typical "common" stickleback ecotype, males provide care to their offspring by fanning with their pectoral fins and defending their nest. In contrast, a divergent "white" stickleback ecotype has evolutionarily lost care and disperses embryos into the surrounding environ...

Unbiased Tandem System for Simultaneous Methane and Glycerol Upgrading to Formic Acid Under Ambient Conditions

ABSTRACT Direct methane conversion to liquid products under mild conditions remains a long‐standing challenge, often requiring expensive oxidants or external bias that hinder practical viability. Here, we report a bias‐free photovoltaic‐photoelectrochemical (PV‐PEC) tandem system...

Journeys of Parents with LGBTQ+ Children: How Trauma and Healing Reshape Identity and (Mis)Informating Practices

This study examines how parents of LGBTQ+ individuals in South Korea navigate the emotional rupture fueled by fear, isolation, and disorientation after learning their children’s queer identity, encounter queer-related (mis)information as a way of coping with this emotional toll,...

An Experimental Examination of the Effect of Unpleasant Mood on the Impact of Emotion on Reasoning

Abstract Previous research indicates that: (a) people reason more accurately when unpleasant facial expressions (i.e., anger and fear) of others are present and are relevant to a reasoning problem; and (b) people reason less accurately when unpleasant facial expressions of others...

Understanding and Supporting Online Discussion with Opinionated Chatbots

Opinionated chatbots are increasingly present on online platforms and have the potential to shape public discourse by influencing individuals’ viewpoints before they engage in discussions. Despite their growing presence, the impact of interacting with opinionated chatbots on subs...