University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Smart fitness equipment and subjective well-being: the roles of perceived value and brand love

Purpose Despite growing interest in artificial intelligence and smart technologies in sport and fitness centers, little is known about the psychological mechanisms through which smart fitness equipment promotes the well-being of fitness center members. Drawing on servicescape log...

III-V Selective Area Growth by Molecular Beam Epitaxy for Integrated Quantum Systems and Applications

Abstract To realize practical quantum information processing systems with high fidelity, disparate materials and components must be integrated on a scalable, unified platform. Among these, III-V alloys with their widely tunable optical properties and advantageous transport proper...

Re-evaluating the Impact of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Heart Disease Using Match-Adaptive Randomization Inference

Matching is an appealing way to design observational studies because it mimics the data structure produced by stratified randomized trials, pairing treated individuals with similar controls. After matching, inference is often conducted using methods tailored for stratified random...

Clinical Development of Antibacterial Drugs: Recent Progress and Future Outlook

The growing burden of antibiotic resistance demands the development of new antibacterials, including those with novel targets and mechanisms of action. This review summarizes key antibacterials that were in clinical development from 2010 to 2026, highlighting their antibacterial...

Hyperfunction of PSD-95 leads to hyperexcitability and cognitive abnormalities in MEF2C haploinsufficiency

Myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) is a transcription factor critical for brain circuit development and cognitive behavior. The loss of one copy of MEF2C leads to MEF2C haploinsufficiency syndrome (MCHS), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability, epi...

On linear global instability at the leading edge of a short compression corner with large ramp angle

Abstract Global linear stability analysis of Mach 3 flow over a short compression corner is investigated at Reynolds number 11200 and Knudsen number O(10−4), for the first time using both kinetic theory direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) and continuum Navier–Stokes–Fourier (dir...

A nuclear terrorism scenario: improvised nuclear weapons with 60%-enriched uranium

In this work we show that approximately 60–70 kg of 60%-enriched uranium can be used to build a crude nuclear weapon with a kiloton yield. While too large to fit on a missile, such a weapon could be delivered by a shipping container. This analysis is motivated by the June 2025 Is...

Integration of high-κ oxide on 2D semiconductors with carbon-dot monolayer assembly as van der Waals interfacial layer

The atomically smooth surfaces of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials minimise scattering-induced carrier-transport degradation. However, this same attribute poses a major challenge for integrating 2D materials with high-quality dielectrics at sub-nanometre equivalent oxide thickn...

Socio‐Technical Risk‐Informed AI‐Driven Automation Trustworthiness Evaluation (ST‐RATE): Part 1‐Conceptualization

ABSTRACT The growing integration of artificial intelligence (AI)‐driven technologies into nuclear power plant (NPP) operations and maintenance holds significant potential to enhance safety, operational efficiency, and reliability. However, deploying such AI‐driven automation tech...

Intra-individual variability of urinary non-persistent chemical concentrations during pregnancy in the ECHO Cohort

Studies of prenatal exposure to non-persistent chemicals often assume biomarker measurements from a single urine sample can represent exposure pregnancy. The validity of this assumption depends on biomarker concentration variability across gestation, which is not well-characteriz...

Floral bilateral symmetry: one axis, many details

Summary Symmetry is a major component of floral diversity. Most flowers are radially or bilaterally symmetric, with bilateral symmetry (monosymmetry) having evolved repeatedly from radial ancestors. Since the identification of the dorsal identity gene CYCLOIDEA ( CYC ) in snapdra...

Multiscale modeling of the electroviscoelasticity of charged polymers in combined flow and electric fields

The behavior of polymers in combined flow and electric fields underlies many manufacturing processes but remains poorly understood. We model charged polymers across scales, extending the Rouse model for a bead-spring chain to include a charge density distributed along the polymer...

Engineering division of labor in microbial consortia for bioprocessing

As engineering goals in microbial bioprocessing become increasingly complex, functional programmability in single strains is often limited due to finite cellular resources and space, as well as incompatibilities among individual pathway components. Microbial division of labor (DO...

RootQuant held-out test set: maize and soybean minirhizotron images with manually traced root length and root surface area

A lack of high-throughput phenotyping solutions for root traits in field-grown crops has severely constrained understanding and improvement of below-ground traits and processes. Minirhizotrons are the standard non-destructive root-phenotyping method in field environments. Compute...

Online Disjoint Spanning Trees and Polymatroid Bases

Abstract. Finding the maximum number of disjoint spanning trees in a given graph is a well-studied problem with several applications and connections. The Tutte–Nash–Williams theorem provides a min-max relation for this problem which also extends to disjoint bases in a matroid and...

The RpfF Acyl-ACP thioesterase of major rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is essential for maintenance of membrane function and virulence

In Xanthomonas , RpfF is a bifunctional enzyme having both enoyl-ACP dehydratase and acyl-ACP thioesterase activities catalyzed by a single active site. While the hydratase activity is essential for producing quorum-sensing signals of the diffusible signal factor (DSF) family, th...

Device-Measured Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Youth

Importance The evidence for benefits of higher physical activity and lower sedentary time on the cardiometabolic risk profile in youth is based on cross-sectional and small prospective studies. Objective To determine the prospective associations between device-measured physical a...

Explainable artificial intelligence for secure and privacy-preserving 5 G networks

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is increasingly relevant to the security, privacy, and governance of AI-enabled 5 G and emerging 6 G networks. However, existing studies remain fragmented across wireless tasks, data modalities, network planes, and evaluation criteria, ma...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pyocyanin Increases Airway Mucin Biosynthesis by SIRT1-Mediated FOXA2 Inactivation

The potent redox-cycling Pseudomonas aeruginosa secondary metabolite pyocyanin induces acute and persistent oxidative stress in diseased airways. Pyocyanin promotes goblet cell hyperplasia and metaplasia and exacerbates the mucus burden. Forkhead Box A2 (FOXA2) is a key pioneer f...

SPIRIT-CONSORT-ELM: element-level annotated dataset and large language model approach for assessing randomized controlled trial reporting

Abstract Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are central to assessing the benefits and harms of interventions, but incomplete reporting undermines their verifiability and usefulness. Although SPIRIT and CONSORT reporting guidelines promote complete reporting of RCT protocols and...