University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Cloud‐Native and Distributed Systems for Efficient and Scalable Large Language Models—A Research Agenda

ABSTRACT Objective Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly transforming artificial intelligence applications, but their unprecedented computational, memory, communication, and data‐management demands pose significant challenges to existing computing infrastructures. Traditional...

The Application Potential and Future Challenges of Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Liver Diseases

Liver disease is a serious global health challenge, with high morbidity and mortality that put significant socioeconomic stress on society. Despite therapeutic advances, current regimens have been limited by rapid drug resistance and insufficient targeting accuracy, and there is...

pH-responsive hydrogel delivery of Lycium barbarum glycopeptide coordinates immune-matrix crosstalk to enhance wound healing

Advanced wound dressings should combine physical protection with localized and microenvironment-responsive delivery of therapeutic agents. Lycium barbarum glycopeptide (LbGp), a naturally derived macromolecular preparation with reported immunomodulatory and tissue-protective acti...

Attenuated GlycoRNA-microglial transcriptional coupling in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of patients with major depressive disorder: an exploratory interaction-based in-silico analysis

Abstract Background: Glycosylated RNAs (GlycoRNAs) participate in immune recognition and intercellular communication, but their relationship with brain cell-type transcriptional signatures in major depressive disorder (MDD) remains unclear. We examined GlycoRNA-related transcript...

Cryptanalysis and Improvement of an Image Cryptosystem via Chaotic Synchronization and Artificial Neural Networks in Modified OTP Scheme

Chaos-based image ciphers may exhibit favorable statistical metrics while retaining a recoverable algebraic structure. We analyze the modified one-time-pad image cryptosystem of Stoycheva et al., which combines static, Chua-system-derived, and neural masks with channel-wise shuff...

Development of a Potent and Isoform-Selective HDAC11 Inhibitor with Anti-Tumor Efficacy against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract Targeting histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) represents a promising therapeutic strategy, yet developing selective inhibitors for solid tumors remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we describe the rational lead optimization of a novel series of indole-based hydroxamic aci...

Fusarium Species Associated With Decaying Woody Debris of Sichuan Pepper

Sichuan pepper ( Zanthoxylum bungeanum ), an aromatic plant native to southwestern China, is widely used in Sichuan cuisine for its distinctive tingling flavor. In this study, we describe seven Fusarium species isolated from decaying woody pruning debris during a survey of microf...

Culinary Chemistry as a Platform for Interfacial Materials Design

ABSTRACT This Review examines culinary systems as experimentally accessible models of interfacial materials design. Culinary operations, including emulsification, foaming, gelation, spherification, controlled heating, smoking, and dehydration, govern gas‐liquid, oil‐water, solid‐...

An improved physics-informed neural network for valuing American lookback options under regime-switching jump-diffusion models

This study addresses the computational challenges inherent in valuing American lookback options within a regime-switching jump-diffusion (RSJD) framework. We first formulate the pricing problem as a system of coupled partial integro-differential equations (PIDEs) structured as li...

HydroPrior: Offline LLM-Prior-Guided Residual Warning for Hydropower Bearing Vibration

Hydropower vibration monitoring requires early warnings with manageable inspection costs despite scarce verified fault labels. HydroPrior combines offline large language model (LLM) priors with lightweight residual-based warning. The LLM converts channel descriptions and training...

VGLL4 Suppresses Malignant Phenotypes of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells Through Modulation of Hippo/YAP and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathways

Background/Objectives: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common and aggressive subtype of kidney cancer, continues to face challenges in early diagnosis and treatment, driving the need for reliable biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Vestigial-like family member 4...

Room-temperature terahertz emission from N-polar GaN grating-gate high-electron-mobility transistors

Compact, electrically driven terahertz (THz) sources remain a major bottleneck for chip-scale spectroscopy, imaging and high-speed wireless links. AlGaN/GaN two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) systems have been investigated for THz emission, but experimental demonstrations have a...

Deployable Self-Referenced Features for Cross-Cell Battery State-of-Health Estimation: Randomized Pairing Controls and Benchmarking

Battery health estimation depends on feature references as well as learners. Changing one column’s normalization moves root-mean-square error (RMSE) by up to 108%. We construct a self-referenced lift (SRL) from each cell’s earliest retained record. Under the offline author protoc...

SDIM-YOLOv5: Real-Time Helmet Detection Method for Non-Motorised Vehicles Based on Improved YOLOv5

To effectively address the challenge of balancing detection accuracy and efficiency in helmet-wearing detection, this paper proposed an improved YOLOv5 framework called SDIM-YOLOv5. Firstly, the CSPDarknet53 in the YOLOv5s benchmark structure was replaced by SimRepCSP to reduce m...

Defect-engineered Ce 3+ -doped borosilicate glass scintillator for multifunctional and environment-adaptive X-Ray imaging

Abstract Advanced scintillation materials capable of simultaneously delivering ultrahigh efficiency, exceptional stability, and multifunctional X-ray imaging remain elusive because of intrinsic trade-offs in conventional scintillators. Hernin, a defect-engineered Ce3+-activated b...

Body roundness index and other anthropometric indices in relation to incident myocardial infarction: a cohort study from the UK Biobank

Traditional anthropometric measures like body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) inadequately reflect body fat distribution. Body roundness index (BRI), a derived anthropometric index mathematically equivalent to waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) after removing non-function...

Boosting Terahertz Emission via Ultrathin Cu‐Engineered Interfacial Orbital Hybridization

ABSTRACT Orbital angular momentum provides a promising route for developing spintronic terahertz emitters beyond conventional spin‐based mechanisms. However, efficient orbital‐to‐charge conversion and its underlying physics remain largely unexplored. Here, we report a pronounced...

A 3‐Bit Low‐Phase‐Error 360° Terahertz Phase‐Shifting Chip Using Branch Impedance Reconfiguration

ABSTRACT For terahertz devices, realizing full 360° phase shifting while maintaining low phase error, low insertion loss, and low amplitude fluctuation remains a formidable challenge. Owing to the short wavelength of terahertz waves, pronounced parasitic effects in traditional ci...

A Multifunctional Molecular Bridge at the Bottom Interface of Perovskite Solar Cells for Crystallization Regulation and Efficient Carrier Extraction

ABSTRACT Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted widespread attention from researchers worldwide and experienced rapid development in recent years. The bottom interface plays a crucial role in charge transfer and collection, and its status significantly affect the perovskite...

Cell-Wise Fault Warning for Lithium-Ion Battery Packs Using Local Outlier Factor and Validity-Gated Extreme-Value Thresholds

Early fault warning in lithium-ion battery packs is challenged by weak labels and changing operating conditions. This study combines cell-wise Local Outlier Factor (LOF) scoring with validity-gated Streaming Peaks-Over-Threshold (SPOT). Five descriptors are used to summarize each...