University of Colorado Boulder

Socioeconomic, psychological distress, and social norm correlates of youth smoking and vaping: a multilevel pooled cross-sectional analysis

Abstract Introduction Cigarette smoking among youth has continued to decline in recent years as vaping product use has become increasingly popular. Lower socioeconomic status (SES), psychological distress, and exposure to more permissive smoking norms are associated with higher r...

Leveraging existing electric propulsion capabilities for the Emirates Mission to the Asteroid Belt

The Emirates Mission to the Asteroid Belt (EMA), scheduled for launch in 2028, will conduct an eight-year, multi-target tour of seven main-belt asteroids, requiring over 10 km/s total delta-v and operations out to 3 AU. To meet these demands, the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Sp...

The Aesthetic Value of Dreams

Abstract Dreams can be aesthetically valuable in many ways. They can provide opportunities for aesthetically rich experiences of agency and action, placing the dreamer into novel situations and taking her out of her usual network of motivations, commitments, and goals. Dreams can...

Genetic modulation of oxycodone self-administration trajectories: from initiation to escalating burst patterns

Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) remains a prominent threat to global health. Genetic background influences the susceptibility of developing OUD, although specific genetic factors remain elusive. Rodent models that differ in susceptibility to escalation and dysregulation of opioid use a...

Evaluation of Pandora HCHO and NO 2 with airborne in situ observations

Abstract. The Pandora Global Network (PGN) is a system of ground-based spectrometers reporting continuous daytime column HCHO and NO2. While the Direct Sun (DS) NO2 product has been well studied, the Multi Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX DOAS) products are...

Rapid Estimation of Global Sea Surface Temperatures From Sparse Streaming In Situ Observations

Abstract Reconstructing high‐resolution sea surface temperatures (SST) from staggered SST measurements is essential for analyzing earth system processes. However, when SST measurements are sparse, the resulting inferred SST fields are rather inaccurate. Here, we show that Sparse...

The AWAKEN wind farm benchmark – Part 2: Modeling results

Abstract. Accurately modeling wind farm performance in complex atmospheric flows remains a challenge. This paper presents the modeling results of the American WAKE experimeNt (AWAKEN) wind farm benchmark, a collaborative effort involving 16 research groups from academia and indus...

Semantic Impedance Matching in Multi-Agent Language Model Pipelines: Measuring, predicting, and correcting information loss at agent boundaries

When a signal crosses a boundary between transmission media of mismatched impedance, part of it reflects and transmitted power is lost, the phenomenon the Smith Chart was created to tame in 1936. This study tests whether an analogous framework describes information loss when cont...

Coupling of Pacific and Indian Ocean variability disrupted by 19th century volcanism

The stability of inter-basin coupling between the tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean remains uncertain. This study shows that past volcanism can temporarily weaken this relationship, but recent decoupling due to global warming is unprecedented.

Mitophagy Facilitates Cytosolic Proteostasis to Preserve Cardiac Function

Abstract Background Protein quality control (PQC) is critical for maintaining sarcomere structure and function in cardiac myocytes, and mutations in PQC pathway proteins, such as CRYAB (arginine to glycine at position 120, R120G) and BAG3 (proline to lysine at position 209, P209L...

Organic carbon pathways across the fluvial-marine transition zone of the Mackenzie River Delta – Beaufort Sea region and implications on ocean color remote sensing

Abstract. Arctic warming and hydrological intensification are accelerating permafrost thaw and increasing the export of terrestrial organic carbon (OC) and sediments from land via rivers and shallow coastal waters into marine waters, yet the fate of these materials in deltaic and...

Faf2 is required for neural differentiation in embryonic neural progenitor cells

Abstract Neural progenitor cell differentiation is a complex process requiring the proper integration of instructive and permissive factors. Instructive cues including signaling molecules and transcription factor networks have been well studied in this context, but permissive fac...

How Much is Too Much? Examining the Ethical Boundaries of Exposure from Production to Editing in Photojournalism

This study seeks to examine the perceptions of practitioners in the field of photojournalism regarding ethical exposure in photojournalism in both the production and editing phases. The ethical considerations range from exposing for the highlight, or the brightest part of a frame...

Reconstruction of fallout deposition from U.S. atmospheric nuclear tests conducted in New Mexico and Nevada

Abstract Between 1945 and 1962, the United States conducted 101 atmospheric nuclear weapon tests in New Mexico and Nevada, dispersing radioactive fallout across the contiguous United States. We reconstruct the first 10 days of fission-product deposition from the 94 non-zero-yield...

Zinc increases stress granule formation by promoting RNA condensation

During cellular stress, mRNAs are condensed into stress granules through the action of G3BP1 and G3BP2. How intracellular conditions affect RNA-protein condensation in stress granules is still unclear. Herein, we present several observations that cells modulate intracellular zinc...

Distance-spectral classification of twelve-point kissing shells in three dimensions

Let D={1,2,8/3,3,11/3,4}, the set of squared distances realised between two points of one twelve-neighbour shell of a Barlow (close-packed) structure. Call a twelve-point subset of the unit sphere distance-spectral if all of its pairwise squared distances lie in D. We prove that...

Distance-spectral classification of twelve-point kissing shells in three dimensions

Let D={1,2,8/3,3,11/3,4}, the set of squared distances realised between two points of one twelve-neighbour shell of a Barlow (close-packed) structure. Call a twelve-point subset of the unit sphere distance-spectral if all of its pairwise squared distances lie in D. We prove that...

Streamlining analysis and design of two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy using machine learning

Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) offers unique insights into the coupling between electronic and nuclear motion and dynamics, making it a key technique in diverse fields, including materials science and biology. Obtaining 2DES data requires a series of measurements...

Exploring divergent long-term stratospheric aerosol injection scenarios with the G2-SAI and ARISE-hybrid experiments

Abstract. Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) simulations are often short relative to climatic timescales and conducted against a background that evolves due to changes in anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and other forcings. This can cause challenges in assessing certain...

What Should We Listen for in Social Studies Discussions?

Built around four social studies-specific dimensions—content, source scrutiny, empathic imagination, and ethical action—the Social Studies Discourse Instrument gives teachers a fresh, nonevaluative lens on classroom discussion.