University of Chile

Late Miocene capybara in the Atacama Desert reveals a wetter climate and a transcontinental dispersal pathway

Abstract We report the oldest record of a capybara (Caviidae: Hydrochoerinae) in Chile, dated at ca. 8.8 Ma, which along with paleobotanical proxy records, indicates a markedly wetter late Miocene Atacama Desert. Today hyperarid, the Atacama contrasts sharply with the semiaquatic...

Subglottic Pressure and Immersion Depth: Key Determinants of Voice Outcomes in Water Resistance Tube Exercise

Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of different immersion depth levels and subglottic pressure (P sub ) levels on the oscillatory features of oral pressure (P oral ; frequency, amplitude, and regularity), the degree of glottal adduction, and the subjective p...

Occurrence and Characterization of Graft-Transmissible Pathogens of Citrus in Orchards and Urban Citrus in Chile with a Focus on the Apscaviroid nanocitri

Apscaviroid nanocitri (citrus dwarfing viroid, CDVd) is a graft-transmissible pathogen that frequently coexists with other citrus viroids and affects tree vigor. This study evaluated the occurrence of citrus viroids in small growers and commercial orchards in Chile and characteri...

Viridicatin from the Antarctic Fungus Penicillium sp. Protects Human Microglia and Patient-Derived Peripheral Immune Cells Against Oxidative Stress

Neurodegenerative diseases remain a major therapeutic challenge, with oxidative stress playing a central role in central and peripheral immune system dysfunction that leads to neuronal loss. Natural products from extreme environments represent an underexplored source of neuroprot...

Rhodococcus erythropolis ICBD2 membrane and cell wall adaptation to long-chain alkane degradation

Abstract Long-chain hydrocarbon biodegradation is limited by its low bioavailability. Specific strains degrade hydrocarbons including long-chain alkanes. Rhodococcus erythropolis ICBD2 is a hydrocarbonoclastic bacterium isolated from a chronically petroleum-contaminated coastal s...

Automatic Analysis of Dialogic Argumentation: An Exploratory Study on Performance of Large Language Models in Context of Secondary Mathematics and Science Education

This study explores dialogic argumentation in secondary-level mathematics lessons and the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) to analyze these interactions. Its primary aim is to explore how and to what extent AI can assist in automating the...

Rethinking Top Public Management Through Relational Dynamics: A Systems‐Informed Study of Senior Executives

ABSTRACT The complex nature of top public managerial work is widely acknowledged in theory but rarely examined empirically. Existing research has mostly analyzed bivariate relationships among core components of top managerial work in government, including managers' attributes, pr...

Does increased staging complexity influence expert agreement in dental age estimation?

Dental age estimation (DAE) is a well-established procedure in current practice, and it is frequently required in forensic and legal investigations. This study aimed to evaluate the intra- and inter-observer reliability of dental development staging among forensic practitioners u...

Synthesis and In Vivo Antifungal Evaluation of 3-Acyl-bromoindole Regioisomers: A Multi-Targeting Study on Postharvest Pathogen Control and Molecular Dynamics

Background/Objectives: Postharvest fungal decay caused by Botrytis cinerea and Monilinia fructicola poses major threats to global fruit security. Driven by the need for sustainable crop protection agents, this work presents the systematic synthesis, biological evaluation, and com...

A decision-support framework for selecting new energy bus technologies: Assessing battery electric and hydrogen fuel cell buses

New energy bus (NEB) technologies, including battery electric buses (BEBs) and hydrogen fuel cell buses (FCBs), offer pathways to support decarbonisation strategies in public transport. Selecting the most suitable technology represents a multi-dimensional decision problem encompa...

Regime Shifts and Transformations in Social-Ecological Systems: Advancing Critical Frontiers for Safe and Just Futures

Current research challenges in sustainability science require us to consider nonlinear changes—shifts that do not happen gradually but can be sudden and difficult to predict. Central questions are therefore how we can prevent harmful shifts, promote desirable ones, and better ant...

A framework to compare the performance of spatial disaggregation methods of statistical climate downscaling in South America

Study region Chile and South America. Study focus Climate change is simulated at a coarse scale with General Circulation Models. Impact and regional studies require downscaling to increase spatial resolution. Several downscaling methods exist, but most studies do not analyze or c...

Misunderstanding and Overprotection: The Impact of Research Ethics Committees on Social Disability Studies in Chile

This study explores the experiences of researchers in Chile when submitting disability-related projects to Research Ethics Committees. Through a qualitative approach involving 18 semi-structured interviews with researchers, the study identifies the barriers that arise from applyi...

Oxytetracycline delivery in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using zinc-alginate microparticles: Formulation optimization, release kinetics, and relative bioavailability

Antimicrobial use in salmonid aquaculture must be optimized to maintain therapeutic efficacy while limiting environmental impacts. This study evaluated zinc‑alginate microparticles (MP) as an oral delivery system for oxytetracycline (OTC) in rainbow trout, focusing on formulation...

Vancomycin optimised dosing regimens for critically ill patients receiving renal replacement therapy

Optimal dosing of vancomycin in critically ill patients receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) is uncertain due to high pharmacokinetic variability. We aimed to develop individualised vancomycin dosing recommendations that optimise efficacy while minimising toxicity. Prospecti...

Unraveling theMolecular Basis of NSD3 AllostericActivation Driven by Nucleosome Binding: A Multiscale MD and QM/MMApproach

Abstract Nuclear receptor-binding SET domain 3 (NSD3) is a methyltransferase responsible for mono- and di-methylation of histone H3 lysine 36, whose hyperactivation is linked to accelerated cancer cell proliferation. Isolated NSD3 is autoinhibited due to a conformation that preve...

Seismic behaviour of aggregated reinforced masonry dwellings considering the combined influence of diaphragm stiffness and height irregularity

Abstract Aggregate dwellings are a common construction configuration in urban environments in the Americas, where space constraints favour terraced construction. However, seismic interaction between adjacent dwellings can significantly alter their structural response, especially...