University of Birmingham

William Frank Vinen

Abstract William Frank Vinen, known to everyone as Joe, was one of the outstanding physicists of his generation. In 1953 he joined the Royal Society Mond Laboratory as a research student, where he first investigated the propagation of temperature waves (second sound) in superflui...

Thermoregulatory and plasma neurobiomarker responses to heat tolerance assessment in exertional heat illness and matched controls

Abstract Exercise in the heat and elevated tissue temperature are associated with neuronal stress and changes in blood–brain barrier (BBB) function. More severe thermal insult may manifest as exertional heat illness (EHI) and complication by central nervous system (CNS) dysfuncti...

AILQA: Evaluating AI-driven legal question answering systems for the indian legal system

Abstract This comprehensive study introduces an advanced A rtificial Intelligence for I ndian L egal Q uestion A nswering or system tailored for the Indian legal context. leverages a variety of embedding and generative models, including the latest Large Language Models (LLMs), to...

The diagnosis and management of primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma: A British Society for Haematology guideline

Summary Primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a distinct clinicopathological entity within the spectrum of aggressive B‐cell lymphomas, characterised by unique clinical, immunophenotypic and molecular features. Since publication of the 2019 British Society for Haematolog...

Strategic roadmap for delivery of clinical trials in rare childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumours: a multi-stakeholder consensus

Abstract Rare paediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumours comprise a biologically-heterogeneous group of low-incidence diseases that present significant challenges to both therapeutic development and clinical research, limiting the availability of high-quality evidence to gui...

Patient and public involvement and engagement in co-designing guidance for mental health professionals supporting neurodivergent children and young people in child and adolescent mental health services

Abstract Background Neurodivergent children and young people, including those with autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and intellectual disability, experience higher rates of mental health difficulties than their neurotypical peers. Despite this increased need, many...

Chinese Painting Semantic Resource for Resolution-Aware Digitisation and Structured Heritage Access

Chinese painting digitisation poses a distinctive heritage-informatics challenge: culturally salient visual structures such as brushwork, intentional blank space, and text–image coexistence are difficult to document, access, and research with general-purpose collection and comput...

Modular Transformations of Tau Functions and Conformal Blocks on the Torus

Abstract The connection problem for isomonodromic tau functions on the one-punctured torus concerns the ratio between the tau function and its modular transform, associated to dual pants decompositions of the torus. In this paper, we study the modular transformations of the tau f...

Stakeholder agency in humanitarian projects addressing forced displacement

Purpose Humanitarian projects address critical global issues such as poverty, climate change and forced displacement. However, research reveals that many such projects yield limited results when managed through a top-bottom approach. In this research, we investigate how the agenc...

Dawn of the dinosaurs demonstrates early diversification bursts and a potential role for neutral dynamics during major evolutionary radiations

Abstract Major radiations have given rise to huge swathes of life on Earth, and understanding their dynamics reveals the process of biodiversity generation itself. The rise of dinosaurs and other archosaurs during the Triassic was a spectacular example of such a radiation; it set...

Approaches to sharing trial results with adult patients and the public: a qualitative interview and focus group study

<title>Abstract</title> Background Sharing trial results with participants is increasingly recognised as an ethical obligation that fosters trust, respect, and engagement. Yet in practice, results are rarely shared. Researchers often lack guidance on what information to include o...

Paediatric therapeutic development workshop on osteosarcoma

The fourth Paediatric Therapeutic Development Workshop focused on osteosarcoma, the most common primary bone cancer in children and young adults. Current treatment of osteosarcoma comprises surgery and chemotherapy. Outcome has shown very little improvement over the last four dec...

Academic entrepreneurship: uncovering the role of formal and informal logics in the academic entrepreneurial space

Abstract This study integrates the embedded perspective of entrepreneurship with institutional logics theory to theorise AE as an embedded phenomena, sitting at the intersection of individuals within surrounding contexts. Drawing on qualitative data from STEM academics at three r...

Misperceptions of charismatic species' conservation status: Zoo visits and virtual exposure shape perceptions of extinction risk

Abstract Biodiversity loss is accelerating globally, yet species are not equally affected, and public perceptions of extinction risk often diverge from scientific assessments. Understanding what shapes public perceptions is critical for effective conservation communication, parti...

Electronic energy loss in tungsten collision cascades: A quantum statistical study of force scales, friction, and stopping

Electronic stopping in collision cascades is formulated as a problem of driven quantum statistical work. The Keldysh influence functional, obtained by eliminating electronic degrees of freedom along the closed time contour, provides a common parent for both equilibrium electronic...

Towards a Higher-Order Bialgebraic Denotational Semantics

The bialgebraic abstract GSOS framework by Turi and Plotkin provides an elegant categorical approach to modelling the operational and denotational semantics of programming and process languages. In abstract GSOS, bisimilarity is always a congruence, and it coincides with denotati...

Inclusion of MyAMI-derived Mg ∕ Ca corrections to the marine carbonate system in the cGENIE.cookie Earth system model (v.0.91)

Abstract. The concentrations of the major cations (esp., Ca2+, Mg2+) in Earth's oceans have undergone large-scale fluctuations in the geological past. This is important because the key geochemical properties of the marine environment that underpin the global carbon cycle – the aq...

Consumers’ asset monetization: A conceptual framework and research agenda

Abstract This conceptual work investigates the emerging role of consumers as investors in various physical and digital assets. We introduce the notion of consumers’ asset monetization, defined as consumers’ orientation to monetize their asset(s) in secondary markets and benefit f...

Prognostic value of measuring LSC frequency in AML: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Leukemia stem cells (LSC) are thought to be responsible for relapse in patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). LSC can be quantified at diagnosis to improve risk stratification, and during follow-up to monitor residual disease. To systematically evaluate the prognostic relevan...

Introducing Mid‐Level Dental Providers in Iran: Challenges and Opportunities

ABSTRACT Objectives The WHO Global Strategy and Action Plan on Oral Health 2023–2030 encourages innovative approaches such as shifting tasks from dentists to Mid‐level Dental Providers (MLDPs), who work independently to improve access to and equity in oral health. This study aime...