Universiti Sains Malaysia

The Effect of ESG Controversies on Corporate Financial Performance: Evidence from US Listed Firms

This study examines the association between environmental, social and governance (ESG) controversies and the subsequent financial performance of firms listed in the United States and whether the information environment of the firm conditions this association. Most of the literatu...

Optimization of TMAl preflow for low temperature grown AlN for AlGaN UVC LED heterostructure

High material quality aluminium nitride (AlN) layers are typically achievable at high growth temperatures of above 1200 °C. However, this growth method requires a specialized heater that is not available in most standard reactors. The present study demonstrates that comparable ma...

Nanosilica Driven Structure–Property Behavior in Poly(3‐Hydroxybutyrate‐Co‐3‐Hydroxyvalerate)/Bamboo Biocomposites for Sustainable Packaging

ABSTRACT Sustainable hybrid biocomposites based on biodegradable poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), bamboo microparticles, and silica nanoparticles (SNPs) were developed for sustainable packaging applications. PHBV/bamboo composites containing 0, 1, 2, and 3 wt%...

Extremal trees with prescribed burning numbers

Graph burning is motivated by the spread of social influence, and the burning number measures the speed of the spread. A natural problem is to characterize graphs that are extremal with respect to order for a prescribed burning number. Since the burning number of a connected grap...

PVA-based hydrogels for chronic wound healing: a systematic review of mechanical, structural, chemical, and biological performance

Abstract Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based hydrogels are promising chronic wound dressings owing to their tunable structure, biocompatibility, and capacity to carry bioactive agents. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline, t...

Understanding Teacher Resilience Through the Lens of Professional Identity: Insights from Malaysia, Japan, Nigeria, Uganda, and Vietnam

Background Concerns about teacher stress, burnout, and attrition have led to increased international attention to teacher resilience in education research. This study investigates how teachers in Malaysia, Japan, Nigeria, Uganda, and Vietnam support resilience through their perce...

Green HRM, employee participation, green internal branding, and innovative behavior in Chinese SMEs

Drawing on the ability-motivation-opportunity (AMO) framework, this study investigates the indirect impact of green human resource management (GHRM) on employees’ in-role and extra-role green innovative behavior through green internal branding. It also assesses the conditional im...

Small Sample Machine Learning for Predicting Composition Changes in Chemically Pretreated Kapok Fiber

Abstract Kapok is a lightweight hollow tropical fiber with potential as a renewable feedstock, but its waxy surface and lignin-containing matrix complicate aqueous processing. This study evaluated whether limited-data machine learning could predict kapok fiber composition after a...

Experimental and numerical investigation of Sn–BiSAC hybrid solder joints with process optimization via Taguchi method

Purpose This study aims to use experimental, numerical and statistical methods to investigate Sn–Bi/SAC hybrid solder joints. Three solder paste compositions (Sn42Bi58, Sn42Bi57.6Ag0.4 and Sn64Bi35Ag1), stencil thicknesses, (0.08, 0.10 and 0.12 mm) and reflow temperatures (170 °C...

Adaptive Low-Carbon Bioethanol Energy Management through Knowledge Graph–Digital Twin Frameworks

Abstract Lignocellulosic bioethanol can reduce dependence on fossil liquid fuels, but its low-carbon performance is strongly constrained by process-energy demand. Energy use is shaped by coupled variations in feedstock quality, pretreatment response, fermentation performance, sep...

Analysis of disturbance dynamo and plasma bubble phenomena over Malaysia during the May 2024 geomagnetic storm

This study presents the first observational report of ionospheric disturbance dynamo (Ddyn) signatures derived from Malaysian magnetometer stations and examines their relationship with equatorial plasma bubble (EPB)-related ionospheric irregularities during the extreme geomagneti...

A Hybrid Elliptic Curve Cryptography Hill Cipher with Bézier like Coefficient Matrix for Secure Image Encryption

Secure image communication over public networks requires encryption methods that provide strong security guarantees while maintaining computational efficiency for practical deployment. Existing Elliptic Curve Cryptography Hill Cipher schemes offer efficient matrix-based encryptio...

Fostering employees’ pro-environmental behavior through environmentally specific servant leadership, harmonious environmental passion, and environmental locus of control

Environmental sustainability increasingly relies on employees’ pro-environmental behavior (PEB), especially through leadership style under distinct contexts. Drawing on Affective Events Theory (AET), this study tested whether harmonious environmental passion (HEP) mediated the re...

Advancing Renewable Fuel Production from the Macroalga Ulva lactuca through Integrated Optimization of Biodiesel Yield and Physicochemical Properties

Abstract Algae-derived lipids are promising renewable feedstocks for biodiesel production. However, efficient conversion requires optimization of transesterification conditions to maximize biodiesel yield. This study aimed to optimize biodiesel production from Ulva lactuca lipids...

Determinants of community pharmacists’ intention to provide pharmacist-driven vaccination services in selected Arabic-speaking countries: a theory of planned behaviour-based structural equation modelling study

Background Community pharmacists are increasingly recognised as accessible healthcare providers who can contribute to immunisation programmes and improve vaccine coverage. However, pharmacist-driven vaccination services remain underutilised in many Arabic-speaking countries, and...

Ellagic Acid Enhances RSL3 ‐Induced Ferroptosis by Inhibiting the Nrf2/ HO ‐1 Signaling Pathway in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) exhibits profound therapeutic resistance due to redox adaptation, particularly through Nrf2/HO-1 pathway activation. Ferroptosis induction via GPX4 inhibitors (e.g., RSL3) is promising but limited by adaptive antioxidant responses. Ellagic...

From technology anxiety to trust: factors shaping adoption of AR-based housing rental platforms in Malaysia

Purpose This study investigates factors influencing young tenants' attitudes and behavioural intentions toward augmented reality (AR)-based housing rental platforms in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on technology adoption, PropTech, housing search behaviour and dig...

From tradition to smart agriculture: how value and technology readiness shape farmers’ adoption decisions

Purpose This study aims to investigate the slow adoption of smart farming technologies (SFTs) in developing regions, where farmers continue relying on traditional methods despite modernization policies. It examines how farmers’ value perceptions and technology readiness (TR) shap...

Nutritional Status and Caregiver Knowledge in Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Management

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a rare, life-limiting genetic disorder characterized by abnormally thick mucus secretions that obstruct the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive tracts. Globally, CF affects an estimated 70,000 to 100,000 individuals. This study in...

Anti-Corrosion superhydrophobic coating of Hexadecyltrimethoxysilane-Functionalized Magnetite-silica for superior steel protection

Abstract This work presents the synthesis of a superhydrophobic anti-corrosion coating made of magnetite-coated silica modified with hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 -HDTMS) to improve a commonly used epoxy coating. This modification aims to provide superior protection...