Universität Ulm

Quantum metrology of spin sensing with free space electrons

Abstract Recent advances in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have opened the path toward spin resonance spectroscopy with single-spin sensitivity. To assess this potential, we investigate the quantum precision limits for sensing magnetic moments with free-electron probes. U...

The ethical and regulatory framework of medical artificial intelligence (AI) system’s behavioral performance for image-based diagnostics: An ethical evaluation of the International and European Union Scope

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for image-based diagnostics is rising rapidly and enables new opportunities for improving clinical diagnostics through high precision and a quick identification of anomalies. However, a technology characterized by a high variability of imag...

C-Pol: Point-Charge Perturbation Scheme for Mapping Tensor Moment Surfaces

Abstract Molecular polarizability tensors beyond the dipole–dipole level are key inputs to polarizable force fields, polarizable embedding, and machine-learned response models, yet routines to compute them exist in few quantum chemistry codes and are largely confined to atom-cent...

Neurofilaments support the differentiation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from degenerative cervical myelopathy

Abstract The differential diagnosis between degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) and early amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is often clinically challenging; laboratory tests that support this distinction could be highly valuable. This study examined the concentrations of neu...

Charge Storage and Dark Photocatalysis in Multivariate Ti‐Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks

ABSTRACT “Dark photocatalysis” decouples electron storage from photoconversion, offering a promising route to buffer solar intermittency, however requiring precise control of light‐matter interactions. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) provide a platform to tailor these interaction...

Measuring the Posterior Airway Space: Inaccuracies in Taking and Interpreting Lateral Cephalograms

Abstract Objectives Although lateral cephalograms (LCs) are often used to measure the posterior airway space (PAS), little consensus has been reached on standardised PAS measurement procedures, which hinders reproducibility. This study uses LCs to evaluate the reliability of PAS...

A multiregional serosurvey of RNA virus-reactive antibodies in bats and rodents reveals the enzootic presence of flavi- and paramyxoviruses in African Pteropodidae

Bats and rodents have been identified as reservoir hosts of diverse RNA viruses that pose potential risks to humans. However, overall virus prevalence in wildlife and underlying factors determining the zoonotic potential of reservoir-borne viruses remain poorly characterized. Vir...

Land use intensification results in abrupt transitions between extensively and intensively managed grasslands

Abstract Understanding whether land use intensification causes regime shifts (i.e. persistent, large changes in ecosystem states) is of key importance for management, particularly if these shifts occur abruptly as thresholds in land use intensity are crossed. Further, these thres...

Using multi-trait polygenic scores to predict lithium responsiveness in patients with bipolar disorder

Background The predictive power of polygenic scores (PGSs) for lithium treatment response in bipolar disorder remains limited. Aims To enhance the prediction of lithium responsiveness by developing a multi-trait PGS (mt-PGS) combining genetic information from multiple phenotypes...

Recurrence patterns and survival outcomes in advanced papillary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective cohort analysis

Abstract Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignant thyroid tumor, with a small proportion of patients presenting with advanced disease. The recent European Society of Endocrine Surgeons (ESES) consensus introduced a refined definition of advanced thyroid canc...

Technical Note - A patient-specific implant for orbital wall reconstruction with infraorbital rim extension: Accuracy and proof-of-principle evaluation of an “one-fit-only” design

Accurate intraoperative positioning of patient-specific implants (PSI) in orbital wall reconstruction remains challenging due to residual translational and rotational freedom. The aim of this proof-of-principle study was to introduce an orbital PSI design refinement incorporating...

Lithium Makes the Difference─Evolution of Lithium Vacancy Disorder during Temperature-Induced Phase Transitions of the Li-Ion Conductor Li4SnS4

Abstract Sulfide-based lithium-ion solid electrolytes are promising candidates for solid-state batteries due to their high ionic conductivities, although they typically exhibit high moisture sensitivity. Li4SnS4 has recently attracted scientific interest because it exhibits highe...

Evaluation of Intraprocedural Strategies to Assess Acute Pulmonary Vein Isolation After First-Pass Wide Antral Circumferential Ablation

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. While pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) remains the cornerstone of AF ablation, the optimal method for confirming complete acute isolation remains uncertain. This study evaluated the diagnostic val...

Institute-created electronic flashcards, associated development effort, and exam performance in pharmacology education in human medicine

Abstract Electronic flashcards are popular among medical students, although their real-world effectiveness, and staff resources required to develop tailored decks, is not well understood. The Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natu...

Can't Stop: How Context and Individual Traits Influence Effectiveness of Different Gradual Interventions for Infinite Scrolling on Short-Form Video Platforms

Infinite scrolling on short-form video platforms like TikTok encourages prolonged engagement and post-usage regret. Interventions aim to mitigate such behavior, but their effectiveness may depend on the interplay between intervention type, contextual factors, and individual trait...

B lur D riving : Investigating How Personalized Blur Techniques Impact Drivers' Performance in Virtual Reality

Distracted driving remains a major safety concern, motivating approaches that aim to reduce visual overload before attention breaks down. However, visual overload varies across individuals, making it difficult to determine appropriate interventions for each driver. We investigate...

Beta diversity of Arctiinae moths (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) along a recovering tropical forest gradient

Amid widespread biodiversity loss and alarming rates of tropical deforestation, the potential of secondary forest succession in restoring β-diversity is still widely unexplored. To investigate β-diversity along naturally recovering forests, we collected the functionally diverse g...

Insulin Resistance in the 21st Century: New Takes on an Old Problem—2025 Diabetes , Diabetes Care , and Diabetologia Expert Forum

Insulin resistance is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes and several other metabolic diseases. However, efforts to improve insulin resistance are hindered by the biological complexity inherent to insulin action, as well as conceptual and methodological limitations to date. In Septembe...

Direct Light Storage with Controlled Dark Release in a Bipyridine-Based Covalent Triazine Framework

Abstract Utilizing bifunctional materials capable of direct light-to-charge storage offers an attractive strategy to overcome solar intermittency and enable reliable power supply under dark conditions. Reported bifunctional materials are predominantly based on metal oxides and me...

Cobalt‐Catalyzed [2σ+2π] Cycloaddition via Site‐Selective Capture of Bicyclobutane Diradical

ABSTRACT Strained bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes (BCBs) have emerged as versatile precursors for accessing highly reactive intermediates, enabling unconventional bond constructions through strain‐release pathways. Herein, we report a cobalt(II)‐catalyzed strategy that combines thermal act...