The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Human-in-the-loop large language model framework for identification of cutaneous immune-related adverse events

This study evaluated a retrieval-augmented, multi-agent large language model (LLM)–driven, human-in-the-loop framework for detecting cutaneous immune-related adverse events (cirAEs) from clinical notes. Compared with the unassisted manual-review group, the LLM-assisted group demo...

Exploration of the genetic architecture of ANCA-associated vasculitis

Background Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a complex autoimmune disease with distinct clinical and serological subtypes. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several susceptibility loci, particularly within the major h...

Unmasking Iododerma: A Distinctive Histopathologic Pattern of Neutrophil‐Rich Dermatosis With Haloed Cryptococcoid Bodies in the Setting of Hydralazine Exposure and Autoimmune Serologic Abnormalities

ABSTRACT Cutaneous iododerma is a rare adverse reaction to iodine‐containing compounds that may clinically and histopathologically mimic infection, vasculitis, malignancy, and other neutrophilic dermatoses. Although most commonly associated with iodinated contrast exposure, a var...

Survival Patterns Following Admission to Home-Based Palliative Care for Patients With Cancer: A 10-Year Cohort Study

Background Survival patterns at admission to home-based palliative care (HB-PC) are not well characterized, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where patients are often referred at advanced stages. Objectives To identify population-level predictors of short-...

Development and Validation of a Tool to Measure Documented Health Care Encounter Time

Importance Time toxicity, defined as the time patients spend receiving cancer treatment and interacting with health care systems, is an emerging treatment-related burden. Existing studies typically quantify time toxicity using health care contact days, which may inadequately capt...

Drug-specific resistance mechanisms to RET inhibitors in RET fusion-positive NSCLC

Abstract Purpose: Ret proto-oncogene (RET) fusions are highly heterogeneous oncogenic drivers occurring in approximately 1-2% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While selpercatinib and pralsetinib have dramatically improved clinical outcomes of patients, acquired resistance i...

RINGSIDE Phase II Study of Varegacestat for Treatment of Desmoid Tumors: A Randomized Dose-Finding Clinical Trial

PURPOSE Desmoid tumors (DTs) are rare, often locally aggressive, connective tissue neoplasms with limited effective treatment options. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of varegacestat, an oral gamma-secretase inhibitor. METHODS RINGSIDE phase II was an open-label, randomized,...

GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use Among Adults With Diabetes and Cancer History

This cross-sectional study examines how use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists varies among US adults with diabetes with or without a history of cancer.

Updates in CAR-T and TCR-T therapy for solid tumors from the 2026 ASCO Annual Meeting

Adoptive cellular therapies (ACT) have reshaped the treatment landscape of hematologic malignancies and are increasingly being explored in solid tumors. Key approaches include chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, which targets tumor-associated surface antigens in an...

Current and future therapies for acute myeloblastic leukemia

The management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past decade, as advances in genomic profiling and drug development have expanded therapeutic options and enabled increasingly personalized treatment approaches. This review summarize...

Turning the tables: Repurposing neuroplasticity to defeat cancer

Instead of asking what nerves do to cancer, my work reveals how cancer injures and reprograms peripheral nerves to drive immune evasion and how targeting this process restores immunotherapy responses.

Primary Tumor Location and Lymphatic Spread in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) frequently metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes. Surgical planning is often based on the presumed central-to-lateral pattern of spread. The extent of central and lateral neck dissection remains controversial, with recommendations large...

RhoA Y42C drives cell plasticity and PD-1-mediated immune evasion of diffuse gastric cancer

Diffuse gastric cancer (DGC) is an aggressive gastric cancer subtype with a poor prognosis. The RHOA Y42C mutation is recurrent in DGC, but its independent oncogenic role is unclear. Next-Generation Sequencing of 431 DGC cases revealed that most RHOA mutations occurred without CD...

Expression of NECTIN-4 and TROP-2 in Resected Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma with and Without Preoperative Chemotherapy

Background Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have transformed the treatment of urothelial carcinoma, yet upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) data remain limited. Objective We compared NECTIN-4 and trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP-2) expression in UTUC specimens from treatm...

Quantitative Digital Image Analysis Detects Differences in Nuclear Features Between CK20-Negative and CK20-Positive Merkel Cell Carcinomas

Abstract: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive neuroendocrine cutaneous malignancy that can arise through 2 oncogenic pathways: a Merkel cell polyomavirus–positive pathway and a virus-negative pathway driven by ultraviolet exposure. Cytokeratin 20 (CK20), expressed i...

Sugar-rich foods exacerbate antibiotic-induced microbiome disruption

Diet shapes the composition of the gut microbiota1; however, the specific effects of distinct food groups on microbiome dynamics are unclear, particularly in circumstances of extreme perturbation. Here we evaluated the relationship between diet and intestinal microbiome dynamics...

Werner helicase inhibitor for advanced microsatellite instability solid tumors: a phase 1 trial

Abstract Werner syndrome helicase (WRN) is a synthetic lethal target for microsatellite instability (MSI) cancers. In part 1 of this ongoing first-in-human, phase 1 trial, escalating doses of RO7589831 (VVD-133214), a first-in-class, WRN covalent inhibitor, were evaluated in 88 p...

Patient perspectives on cardioprotective medication during breast cancer treatment

Cardiotoxicity remains a key concern of HER2-directed therapies, with no proven prevention strategies. The success of cardioprotective interventions will depend not only on efficacy, but on patient acceptability, an underexplored determinant of trial participation and clinical im...

A Pilot Head-to-Head Comparison of Two Bisulfite Conversion Kits for NGS-Based DNA Methylation Analysis of Liquid Biopsy Samples from Colorectal Cancer

Given the important role of early detection in improving cancer outcomes, epigenetic alterations, particularly DNA methylation, have emerged as powerful biomarkers for cancer screening and diagnosis. However, methylation profiling of cfDNA (circulating free DNA) presents particul...

Real‐world outcomes of nivolumab‐ AVD and brentuximab vedotin‐ AVD in paediatric and adult advanced‐stage Hodgkin lymphoma

Summary Brentuximab vedotin (BV)‐doxorubicin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (AVD) and nivolumab (N)‐AVD have transformed the frontline treatment of advanced‐stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), yet real‐world comparative data remain limited. In this multicentre retrospective study across 1...