Pohang University of Science and Technology

Decoupling the Retention–Energy Trade‐Off Through Structural Reorganization of Synaptic Polyelectrolytes for Nonvolatile Neuromorphic Devices

ABSTRACT Electrolyte‐gated synaptic transistors (EGSTs) are promising ion‐mediated artificial synapses, but their performance is constrained by a retention–energy trade‐off. Enhancing long‐term memory (LTM) retention often requires enhanced ion accessibility, which can induce exc...

Progress in deformation mechanisms and emerging functionalities of metastable β titanium alloys: Insights from advanced characterizations

Metastable β titanium alloys, characterized by diverse microstructural evolution due to a high content of β stabilizers, offer great potential for achieving high multifunctionality, such as excellent strength and ductility combination, biocompatibility, superelasticity, shape mem...

Structure‐Guided Balancing of Ambipolar Transport Enables Symmetric Switching in Heterojunction Bilayer Organic Transistor Inverters

ABSTRACT High inverter performance in ambipolar organic electronics requires balanced channel strengths rather than maximized single‐carrier mobility. Here, we demonstrate symmetric switching through balanced ambipolar transport in vertically stacked pentacene/ N , N ′‐ditridecyl...

Stabilizing High-Voltage Operation in O3-Type Na-Layered Cathodes by Suppressing Distortion-Driven Fe Migration

Abstract Fe-based O3-type Na-layered oxides such as Na[Ni1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3]O2 are attractive cathodes based on earth-abundant elements, yet their high-voltage operation is limited by voltage decay and capacity fading. Here, we identify a distortion−migration cascade initiated by Fe3+...

Spectral Learning and Inverse Design of Broadband Infrared Absorbers

Abstract Designing broadband metamaterial absorbers with high absorption over a wide spectral range remains a significant challenge. Here, we develop an integrated simulation and machine-learning framework for the rapid modeling and design of broadband metamaterial absorbers. Ele...

A Nonheme μ-1,2-Peroxo Dicobalt(III) Complex Acting as a Key Intermediate for Selective Two-Electron/Two-Proton Catalytic Reduction of Dioxygen to Hydrogen Peroxide

Abstract The two-electron/two-proton reduction of O2 to H2O2 has attracted considerable attention recently, as H2O2 is both a valuable oxidant and a potential fuel for H2O2 fuel cells. While metalloporphyrins have been extensively studied as efficient catalysts for this reaction,...

Nonreciprocal Vortex Pinning and Re-entrant Superconductivity through Niobium Interface Design

Abrikosov vortex motion in type-II superconductors generates finite resistance under applied current, limiting practical use. Traditional suppression via defect engineering is complex and hard to reproduce. Here, we show that interfacial engineering-specifically, tuning the penet...

Senescence-aware filtering facilitates robust prediction of cancer immunotherapy outcomes

Predictive biomarkers for immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy response often fail to show stable predictive performance because tumor microenvironment (TME) heterogeneity can create biologically confounding tumor states, where similar molecular patterns can lead to divergen...

Estimation of System Parameters Including Repeated Cross-Sectional Data through Emulator-Informed Deep Generative Model

Abstract. Differential equations (DEs) are widely used to model the evolution of natural or engineered systems. Traditionally, the parameters in DEs are adjusted to fit data obtained through system observations. However, in fields such as politics, economics, and biology, the obs...

Personalized federated recommendation via long-horizon local optimization and regularized knowledge guidance

Abstract Federated Recommendation (FedRec) enables privacy-preserving recommendation by training models across user devices without sharing raw interaction data. However, personalized FedRec still faces a trade-off between personalization and resource efficiency. In this paper, w...

Minimum Partition of Polygons under Width and Cut Constraints

We study the problem of partitioning a polygon into the minimum number of subpolygons using cuts in a fixed set of directions such that each resulting subpolygon satisfies a given width constraint. A polygon satisfies the unit-width constraint for a set of directions if the lengt...

Chemomechanically Adaptive MXene–Si–Ag Dual‐Seed Interlayer Enabling Low‐Pressure Sulfide all‐Solid‐State Batteries

ABSTRACT Sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) promise high safety and energy density; however, sustaining stable operation under low stack pressure remains challenging due to chemo‐mechanical instability at solid‐solid interfaces. Here, we report a chemomechanically ad...

Building a Physics-Aware AI Ecosystem for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Materials

Abstract Hydrogen storage remains a central bottleneck for scalable hydrogen energy systems due to the multiscale and coupled nature of the thermodynamics, kinetics, and microstructural evolution of hydrogen storage materials (HSMs). Although artificial intelligence (AI) has acce...

Synergetic Enhancement in Thermoelectric Performance via Localized Magnetic Moments and Lattice Softening

ABSTRACT Magnetism‐assisted transport is achieved in Mn‐containing SnSe magnetic nanocomposites, where superparamagnetic MnSe nanoprecipitates are introduced to modulate both carrier and phonon scattering. Transmission electron microscopy reveals well‐dispersed 5–10 nm MnSe inclu...

Integrating multimodal dot product fusion with conditional generative adversarial network to build a C-P-S-P chain in Mg alloys

Establishing quantitative relationships among composition, process, structure, and property (C-P-S-P) is a fundamental challenge in materials science, yet conventional models relying solely on numerical data fail to capture microstructural spatial heterogeneity, limiting predicti...

Single-vesicle heterogeneity and uptake of extracellular vesicles affected by oncogenic KRAS and BRAF revealed by proteomics and nano-flow cytometry

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) facilitate intercellular communication through the transfer of bioactive molecules that modulate tumor behavior. In this study, we demonstrate that oncogenic KRAS- and BRAF-mutations alter EV composition, modify surface properties, and impact intracel...

Backward Completion Pools for Domain-Specific LLM Agents: Soft Search Modulation with Compiled Relaxations

Production LLM agents serve repeated requests against fixed applications - booking, CRM, project tracking - where goals recur as templates. Current methods allocate test-time search effort using learned signals (process reward models, self-evaluation), which cost extra model call...

Reconfiguration of Localized Ruthenium Surface via Incorporating Single Platinum Atoms for Favorable Hydrogen Oxidation Catalysis

ABSTRACT Despite the fact that only 2% of active sites can satisfy hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) activity thanks to fast kinetics, the fuel cell anode is still dependent on catalysts with large amounts of platinum (Pt). Herein, a minimal‐cost ruthenium catalyst bearing ultral...

Fitting-Free Diagnosis of Conduction-Model Breakdown in Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Melt-pool depth governs interlayer bonding and porosity in laser powder bed fusion and underpins part qualification, yet predicting it reliably remains difficult. Fast conduction models reach useful accuracy only after the absorptivity is fitted to the depths they are meant to pr...

A sacrificial HfN interlayer enables oxygen-buffered Mo electrodes for sub‑0.4nm equivalent oxide thickness of HfO2/ZrO2 nanolaminates for DRAM capacitors

Continued scaling of dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) capacitors demands simultaneous achievement of high capacitance density and extremely low leakage current at ever-decreasing physical thickness, making interfacial chemistry and defect control as critical as the choice of h...