Pohang University of Science and Technology

Optical-handedness-driven enantioselective synthesis and programmable chirality encoding of covalent organic frameworks

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) typically require chiral precursors or catalysts to achieve asymmetry. Here, we report the enantioselective synthesis of chemically chiral COFs using circularly polarized light (CP-λ) as the sole chiral director. By exploiting the reversibility...

Modular van der Waals MOSFETs through layer-by-layer chalcogen substitutions

In two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), the local electrostatic field of the chalcogen p -orbitals dictates the crystal field splitting of the transition metal d -orbitals, stabilizing diverse electronic states from semiconducting and semimetallic to exotic t...

Dry Mask Transfer Lithography for High-Resolution Patterning of Nanomaterials and Molecular Interfaces on Arbitrary Substrates

This study introduces dry mask transfer lithography as a versatile microfabrication strategy that integrates the patterning resolution of photolithography with the substrate adaptability of soft lithography. In this method, a photoresist mask is first patterned on an elastomeric...

Ultrafast Magneto‐Geometric Control of Terahertz Helicity in Curved Ni Metasurfaces

ABSTRACT Dynamic helicity control in the terahertz (THz) regime is essential for ultrafast polarization optics, chiral spectroscopy, and polarization‐selective photonic devices, yet remains difficult because most THz chiral systems are structurally fixed or rely on slow external...

Phosphor‐Sensitized Ternary Organic Solar Cells Achieving 18.6% PCE via Ir(III)‐Mediated Triplet Energy Transfer and Non‐Radiative Recombination Suppression

ABSTRACT Phosphor‐sensitized organic solar cells (PS‐OSCs) enhance exciton utilization and suppress non‐radiative recombination by incorporating triplet‐enabled sensitizers into bulk‐heterojunction blends. Here, we report a green‐emitting Ir‐3 complex as a multifunctional phospho...

ARNAI: Artifact Removal Network Based on Autoencoding and Inpainting for Robust Spinal Image Segmentation and Measurement

Purpose To develop an artificial intelligence framework, robust to spinal implants, for automated measurement of spinopelvic parameters on postoperative radiographs. Materials and Methods Lateral lumbar spine radiographs from two institutions (internal dataset [ n = 2486]: Januar...

Correlated one-dimensional electron conduction in ferroelastic domain walls through nematic-like charge stripes

One-dimensional electronic transport reveals many-body quantum phenomena and serves as a foundation for quantum devices, sensors, and reconfigurable electronics. Here, we demonstrate that surface-exposed ferroelastic twin walls in epitaxial WO 3 films function as intrinsic one-di...

Stereoselective 1,2-Metalate Rearrangement of α-Chloroalkylboronic Esters with gem -Diborylalkanes

Abstract Highly diastereoselective 1,2-metalate rearrangements of α-haloalkylboronic esters that simultaneously construct contiguous stereogenic centers remain limited. Herein, we report a highly diastereoselective and stereospecific 1,2-metalate rearrangement of enantioenriched...

ICER-Controlled inhibitory plasticity of amygdala engram neurons regulates fear memory precision

Abstract Fear discrimination—the ability to distinguish threatening stimuli from non-threatening ones—is an essential adaptive behavior, yet the neural mechanisms underlying individual differences in discrimination precision remain unclear. Here, we show that parvalbumin-positive...

Drivers governing the seasonality of new particle formation in the Arctic

New particle formation (NPF) is the phenomenon wherein gaseous precursors form critical clusters of barely a few nanometres in diameter, after which, under favourable conditions, these particles can grow to climate-relevant sizes. Here we present measurements from 2022 to 2024 of...

Explainable Deep Learning Reveals Future Changes in East Asian Extreme Winter Predictability

Deep learning-based approaches have emerged as powerful tools for seasonal prediction, yet their skill remains limited for extreme anomalies, and warming climates may alter predictability sources. Here we present a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based framework to assess how...

A numerical method for coupling parameterized physics-informed neural networks and FDM for advanced thermal-hydraulic system simulation

Severe accident analysis with system codes such as MELCOR is indispensable for nuclear safety assessment, yet the cost of repeated simulations constrains parametric studies and uncertainty quantification. Data-driven surrogates accelerate these analyses but require large simulati...

Jamming-controlled stochasticity in metal-insulator switching

Abstract Understanding and controlling phase transitions is fundamental to physics and central to many technological revolutions. There is currently strong interest in materials with coupled structural and electronic phase transitions, where controlling the transition plasticity...

Entrainment of prefrontal theta synchrony increases interbrain coupling and enhances social interaction in mouse models of autism

Social interaction requires the integration of information about self, other, and shared context. One of the proposed mechanisms supporting this coordination is interbrain synchrony – correlated neural activity between interacting individuals – yet its role in shaping social beha...

Fusion of CNN and swin transformer for robust lung sound classification

Abstract Automatic lung sound classification plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of chronic respiratory diseases, enabling early screening and informed clinical decisions. However, evaluating model performance on imbalanced datasets, such as the ICBHI 2017, remains challenging....

Quantum Dot-Induced Kinetic Bottleneck in Singlet Exciton Relaxation of Conjugated Polymer Aggregates

Abstract We designed hybrid aggregate model systems with cascade energy alignment from conjugated polymers (CPs) to quantum dots (QDs) to investigate the effects of QDs on CP singlet (S1) excitons. Radiative recombination of S1 excitons occurs within 1 ps in the chlorinated CP/QD...

A gradient flow for the porous medium equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions

We consider the gradient flow structure of the porous medium equations with non-negative constant Dirichlet boundary conditions. We construct weak solutions to the equations via the minimizing movement scheme by considering an entropy functional with respect to W b 2 distance, wh...

Femtosecond X-ray Tracking of Oxygen Vacancy-Driven Shallow-to-Deep Trap Transition and Its Impact on Charge Carrier Dynamics in Blue TiO2

Abstract Oxygen vacancies introduced by self-reduction are central to the enhanced light absorption and photocatalytic activity of blue TiO2, yet how they reshape the ultrafast dynamics of photogenerated charge carriers has remained unresolved. Here, we directly track these dynam...

Cost-Effective Optimization of High-Temperature Performance in Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Ni-Based Alloys through NbSi Powder Integration and Dual-Phase Composites

Abstract Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) Nickel-based superalloys exhibit remarkable thermal stability and mechanical performance at temperatures exceeding 1100 °C, making them indispensable for critical components such as aircraft engines and gas turbine blades. In this stud...

Dynamics of a jointly commensurate moiré charge density wave

Abstract The advent of two-dimensional moiré systems has revolutionized the exploration of phenomena arising from strong correlations and nontrivial band topology. Recently, a moiré superstructure formed by two coexisting charge density waves with slightly mismatched wavevectors...