Ospedale SS. Annunziata

Calibrated Reliance on Large Language Models for Personalized Surgical Care: A Critical Narrative Review of Confidence, Clinical Reasoning and Decision Support

Large language models can synthesize clinical records, identify phenotypic features and support patient-specific decisions, but fluent explanations may obscure uncertainty. Surgical practice provides a demanding setting in which to examine this problem because decisions combine h...

The robotic PIANO: a critical narrative review of surgeon-controlled operative polyphony, human factors, and robotic training

Abstract Robotic surgery can concentrate control of several technical functions at the console, but such concentration does not itself confer clinical independence, reduce dependence on the perioperative team, or improve patient outcomes. We define surgeon-controlled operative po...

Epidemiology, impact on oncologic treatments, and management of community-acquired respiratory virus (CARV) infections in pediatric onco-hematology patients: a survey among Italian pediatric oncology hematology centres (AIEOP)

Abstract A survey was conducted across Italian Pediatric Onco‑Hematology centres to assess epidemiology of community‑acquired respiratory virus (CARV) infections, chemotherapy management, Oseltamivir use and vaccination policies. Most reported infections were mild and managed out...

A survey on the institutional practices of the use of isavuconazole in onco-hematological children, on behalf of the Infectious Working Group of AIEOP

Isavuconazole is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent approved for the treatment of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in adults and, recently, in pediatric patients aged 1 year and older. Use in the pediatric setting remains limited, but available data indicate generally favorable s...

Effect Modification of Rescue Stenting in ICAS-Related Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion: The Role of Thrombectomy Failure, Stenosis Severity, and ASPECTS

Rescue stenting (RS) is increasingly used for intracranial artery stenosis-related large vessel occlusion (ICAS-LVO), but optimal patient selection remains uncertain. We investigated the baseline and procedural factors associated with receiving RS and whether they modified the as...

Epidemiology of hoof lesions in Southern Italian dairy cows across hoof-trimming sessions: a retrospective observational pilot study

As part of a nationwide initiative to standardise claw health data in Italian dairy cows, this retrospective observational pilot study used hoof-trimming records from 2023 to 2025 to quantify the prevalence and anatomical distribution of hoof lesions in Southern Italian herds. Da...

Pancreatic iron overload as a marker of endocrine complications in transfusion‐dependent thalassaemia: A multicentre study

This multicentre cross-sectional study evaluated whether pancreatic iron loading could serve as a reliable biomarker for the identification of endocrine disorders in transfusion-dependent thalassaemia (TDT) patients. A total of 994 adult TDT patients (53.7% female; 39.2 ± 8.3 yea...

Biosimilars in chronic spontaneous urticaria: current evidence, clinical implications and future perspectives

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a debilitating condition characterized by recurrent wheals and/or angioedema lasting more than six weeks without identifiable triggers. The global prevalence is increasing, and patients with resistance to antihistamine therapies experience a...

Age-Related Patterns of Organ-Specific Iron Distribution in Non-Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia: A Multicenter MRI Study

Objectives: This multicenter cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between age and organ-specific iron burden and characterized multi-organ iron phenotypes across different age groups in adults with non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT). Methods: We retrospec...

Updating the Prevalence of H. pylori and Extensive Precancerous Lesions in the Stomach: Results of a Multicenter, Endoscopic Study

Background/Objectives: H. pylori is the main preventable risk factor for gastric cancer through the development of extensive precancerous lesions, namely mucosal atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. Methods: This multicenter, nationwide study enrolled consecutive patients who under...

Defining fever-related discomfort in children: an international Delphi consensus

Fever is one of the most common symptoms in childhood and a frequent reason for medical consultation. Current guidelines recommend treating fever only when discomfort is present. However, the concept of fever-related discomfort remains poorly defined and inconsistently applied in...

Antidiabetic medications and arterial thrombotic risk reduction: a narrative review

Abstract Diabetes mellitus is associated with a persistent prothrombotic state driven by platelet hyperreactivity, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and chronic low‑grade inflammation, all of which contribute to increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. Importantly, a substant...

Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy in Cardiomyopathies: A Comparative Synthesis of Guidelines and Consensus Documents

Abstract Purpose of Review Antiarrhythmic drug therapy in cardiomyopathies remains challenging because arrhythmic risk, drug efficacy, and pro-arrhythmic vulnerability vary substantially across phenotypes. This review summarizes contemporary guideline and consensus recommendation...

Multidisciplinary Delphi consensus-based recommendations on the use of image-guided radiotherapy for upper gastrointestinal tumours: an AIRO–AITRO–AIFM study

Abstract Objectives Upper gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies represent one of the most challenging scenarios for image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT). Despite technological advances, clinical practice remains heterogeneous among centres. This national, multidisciplinary Delphi consen...

A Modified Delphi consensus on early management of combined cardiovascular risk factors in adult patients with type 2 diabetes in Italy

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex chronic disease often associated with other metabolic conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease and early mortality. Hence, early, integrated management of T2D may prevent long-term CV complications. METHODS: T...

Seasonal modulation of platelet indices in mares

Platelet indices provide valuable information on platelet activation, heterogeneity, and production kinetics, yet their physiological variability remains poorly characterized in horses. Although seasonal changes in platelet count have been described, the seasonal modulation of de...