Nationwide Children's Hospital

Managing growth and puberty concerns in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Updated guidance and future directions

Long-term glucocorticoid therapy is standard of care for individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) but often results in impaired growth and delayed or incomplete puberty, impacting their physical and psychosocial health. Although DMD endocrine care has evolved, leading t...

Predicting Underweight Status in Infants With Cleft Lip and/or Palate in 10 US Children's Hospitals

ObjectiveTo develop and compare models predicting which infants with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) will be underweight at 4 months, using multicenter electronic health record data.DesignUsing data from birth to 3 months, we evaluated 63 anthropometric, clinical, healthcare-utili...

Facilitating best practices in practicum training in clinical neuropsychology: introducing the North American Association of practicum sites in neuropsychology (NAPSN) organizational training guidelines

INTRODUCTION: The North American Association of Practicum Sites in Neuropsychology (NAPSN) was established in 2023 to support external practicum programs in urban, suburban, and rural areas in the United States and Canada by providing resources for member practicum programs and s...

Impact of Extent of Surgical Resection on Survival in Patients With High-risk Neuroblastoma

Objective: The impact of extent of resection of the primary tumor on outcomes in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (HRNB) remains uncertain. We evaluated this issue in patients with HRNB treated on a prospective trial of multimodality therapy. Summary of Background Data: Pati...

Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentration: a baseline study for establishing reference ranges in preterm neonates

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects up to 48% of extremely preterm neonates and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, AKI diagnosis remains challenging in this population due to limitations of traditional markers like serum creatinine...

CORAL: a machine learning algorithm to identify coronary microvascular disease from doppler coronary blood flow patterns

The direct diagnosis of coronary microvascular disease (CMD) in patients has remained elusive, relying on combinatorial criteria for diagnosis. Recent data in mice suggested that coronary blood flow (CBF) patterns harbor “fingerprints” that may be novel non-invasive indicators of...

Racial-Ethnic and Sex Disparities in Mental Health Service Use Before Self-Harm Among Young People Enrolled in Medicaid

OBJECTIVE: This study examined racial-ethnic and sex differences (and their intersections) in mental health service use prior to deliberate self-harm among young people enrolled in Medicaid. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted by using Medicaid data from 25 states...

Optimizing combinatorial macrophage induced innate immunotherapy against Ewing sarcoma

Abstract Background We previously reported that Ewing sarcoma (ES), a pediatric bone and soft tissue tumor, escapes macrophage phagocytosis by upregulating the CD47 “don’t eat me” signal and downregulating the cell-surface calreticulin (csCRT) “eat me” signal. Targeting this dual...

Remimazolam-Based Total Intravenous Anesthesia for Cardiac Surgery in an Infant With a Pathogenic RYR1 Variant

The ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) gene encodes a protein channel located on the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle, thereby playing a key role in regulation of skeletal muscle contraction. RYR1 gene mutations may result in inherited neuromuscular co...

Equitable Language Access in Neonatal Research

Participation in neonatal randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is associated with improved or equivalent outcomes for infants and is widely viewed as a cornerstone of high-quality neonatal care. Equitable access to research participation is therefore essential to scientific validi...

Changing role of tenure in academic medicine: a national survey of faculty affairs deans

Background Tenure has traditionally signified academic freedom, job security and scholarly independence at US medical schools, yet the proportion of faculty in tenure-track positions has declined markedly in recent decades. Methods To assess tenure’s contemporary relevance, parti...

Geospatial Links Between Pediatric LRTI Acute Care Use and the Child Opportunity Index

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Neighborhood social determinants influence pediatric acute care (AC) use, but their role in lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), the leading cause of pediatric hospitalization, is unclear. We mapped LRTI AC utilization and examined whether census...

Variations in diagnosis and management of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus across neonatal intensive care units in the Children’s Hospitals Neonatal Consortium

Abstract Objective Collate patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) guidelines among Children’s Hospitals Neonatal Consortium (CHNC) centers and identify variations in the diagnosis and management of hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA). Study Design: A descriptive survey requesting wri...

Cochlear implant infection in a teenager with CHARGE syndrome: a case report

Pasteurella multocida is a gram-negative coccobacillus commonly found in the oral flora of many animals, most commonly in cats and implicated in zoonotic infections, commonly cellulitis secondary to cat bites and scratches. Here we describe a teenager with CHARGE syndrome who dev...

CT Use for Pediatric Mild Brain Injuries by Hospital Type: 2017 to 2023

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to descriptively examine national patterns of head computed tomography (CT) use for pediatric patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) across adult, pediatric, and mixed hospitals. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of children aged o...

Identifying potential factors influencing family-building perspectives in adults with SCD

Abstract Purpose The study aimed to identify factors influencing family-building perspectives among adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) overall and by sex, and to examine attitudes toward discussing SCD genetic transmission with partners and doctors by sex and relationship stat...

Caspase-11–mediated hyperinflammation impairs CD8+ T cell immunity and viral clearance in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection

Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection is characterized by lung hyperinflammation, impaired IFN responses, and defective T cell activation, yet the molecular drivers of these immune dysregulations remain incompletely understood. Caspase-11 (CASP11), a key effector of the noncanonical inflam...

Impact of post‐chemotherapy classification on outcomes in stage III and IV unilateral favorable histology Wilms tumor: Pooled data from Children’s Oncology Group AREN0532, AREN0533, and AREN03B2 studies

Abstract Background Improvements in therapy for patients with favorable histology Wilms tumor (FHWT) have relied on refinement of risk stratification for therapeutic assignment through identification of favorable and unfavorable prognostic factors. Although well established in In...

Cross-Sectional Differences in Self-Harm Methods Across Childhood and Adolescence

This cross-sectional study compares self-harm methods across developmental stages from childhood through emerging adulthood.

The Impact of Tablet-Based Screening on Trichomonas Testing in the Pediatric Emergency Department

OBJECTIVES: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a public health concern for adolescents and young adults, with half of STIs diagnosed annually among 15 to 24-year-olds. Trichomonas vaginalis is a high-prevalence STI, linked with increased risk for HIV and premature births....