National Taiwan University

Gauss law constraint in A-theory branes

{\cal A} -theory realizes U-duality symmetry by extending the string worldsheet to a higher dimensional brane worldvolume, in which the worldvolume and the spacetime belong to different representations of the exceptional group. The closure of the brane Virasoro algebra requires t...

Targeting the Gut to Modify Parkinson's Disease: From Mechanisms to Potential Therapeutics

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and its prevalence continues to rise with population aging. Its cardinal motor features arise from the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, accompanied by intraneuronal α-synuclein aggr...

Dimensional Engineering of Co/W Superlattices Enables Out-of-Plane Spin Polarization with 90% Field-Free Switching in Perpendicular CoFeB

Abstract Deterministic spin–orbit torque (SOT) switching of perpendicular magnets without external magnetic fields remains a central challenge for scalable SOT-MRAM. Here, we demonstrate that dimensional engineering of a Co/W superlattice spin–orbit layer enables >90% field-free...

Ensemble Voting of Large Language Models for Multiple-Choice Answer Prediction

Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) has become a key benchmark for evaluating natural language processing systems, and multiple-choice question answering is widely adopted for assessing reasoning, comprehension, and commonsense inference capabilities. However, traditional embeddi...

Lacunary δ‐Discretized Spherical Maximal Operators

ABSTRACT We study the lacunary analog of the ‐discretized spherical maximal operators introduced by Hickman and Jančar, for , and establish the boundedness on for all , along with the endpoint weak‐type estimate . We also prove the corresponding boundedness for the multi‐paramete...

Diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenopathy: the role of droplet digital PCR

Background: Tuberculous lymphadenopathy (TB-LAP) is the most common form of extrapulmonary TB and remains diagnostically challenging due to its paucibacillary nature. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (...

Clinical Implications of the Novel Genetic Polymorphism Associated With Retinal Vein Occlusion: The East Asian GWAS Survey in a Single-Center Taiwanese Cohort

Purpose: To explore the single-nucleotide polymorphic features in an East Asian cohort of retinal venous occlusion (RVO) patients, to map pathogenic genes, and to analyze potential pathophysiological associations. Methods: This was a cross-sectional monocentric cohort study invol...

Self-Catalyzed Hastelloy Fiber Paper (HAP) Porous Transport Layer for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis

Abstract Hastelloy fiber paper (HAP) can be used as the oxygen evolution reaction porous transport layer (PTL) without using a catalyst layer in anion exchange membrane water electrolysis. It is combined with Ru on nickel fiber paper (NFP) (hydrogen evolution reaction PTL) to for...

Integrating generative artificial intelligence facilitates faculty interaction network and role transition in a biostatistics curriculum

In a two-year action-research study within an undergraduate biostatistics curriculum for nursing, pharmacy, and medical biotechnology students, we examined how generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) facilitates educators to design, supervise, and evaluate learning. Students u...

The Evolving Role of Pharmacists in Doping Prevention: A Scoping Review

CONTEXT: Doping and inadvertent exposure to prohibited substances are major concerns in sport because of their implications for athlete health, medication safety, and fair competition. The growing use of prescription medications, over-the-counter products, and dietary supplements...

Revealing Temperature‐Driven Interfacial Reactions of Succinonitrile in PEO‒LiTFSI Electrolytes and Suppressing Them via Dual PEDOT‐Based Interfacial Layers

ABSTRACT Achieving a homogeneous ion‐conducting network with sufficient mechanical strength and interfacial stability in Succinonitrile (SN)‐polyethylene oxide (PEO)‐based solid polymer electrolytes remains challenging. In particular, the temperature‐dependent interfacial behavio...

Enabling Efficient NIR‐III Emission Under 808 nm Excitation Through Tm 3+ to Ho 3+ Energy Transfer

ABSTRACT Near‐infrared‐III (NIR‐III, 1700–2500 nm) phosphors are promising for deep‐tissue imaging and long‐wavelength photonic applications but are limited by weak excitation compatibility, low efficiency, and severe thermal quenching. Here, we report a Y 2 GeO 5 :Tm 3+ ,Ho 3+ p...

Using multi-trait polygenic scores to predict lithium responsiveness in patients with bipolar disorder

Background The predictive power of polygenic scores (PGSs) for lithium treatment response in bipolar disorder remains limited. Aims To enhance the prediction of lithium responsiveness by developing a multi-trait PGS (mt-PGS) combining genetic information from multiple phenotypes...

What Persists Matters More Than What Changes

A reusable world model need not reproduce every future observation exactly. What matters is which distinctions remain stable when forecasts, tasks, or trained instances change. Independently trained models may give different values yet preserve the same relation among matched int...

The chromatin-organizer Satb1 modulates regulatory T cell activity within the tumor microenvironment

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune diseases, but are also a major cellular constituent of the tumor microenvironment (TME) that facilitates cancer progression. Identifying differences in Treg subtypes to specifica...

Resolving Erdős–Ulam Monochromatic Union-Closed Family Conjectures

We prove both Erdős–Ulam conjectures on monochromatic union-closed families, which are the two specific questions of Erdős Problem 1183. Every two-colouring of the subsets of a finite set contains a monochromatic union-closed family whose size grows faster than any fixed power of...

Binding a Contested Nation: National Attachment and Cross‐Domain Solidarity in Taiwan

ABSTRACT This paper examines how national attachment shapes reciprocal solidarity across issue domains. We conceptualize solidarity as the willingness to share burdens out of a sense of mutual obligation to overcome collective adversity. Because the costs of solidaristic action v...

Quality of life in hyperkalemia: baseline analysis of a cohort study of management of hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease or heart failure in Japan

Abstract Background Hyperkalemia is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic heart failure (CHF), often leading to treatment dilemmas regarding renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors. Although potassium binders and dietary restrictions are central to chr...

Establishment of a seedling-based regeneration system for Taiwan oil millet (Eccoilopus formosanus) to support crop domestication and C4 biology

Taiwan oil millet (TOM; Eccoilopus formosanus) is a semi-domesticated orphan crop with potential as a resilient crop species and a model for C4 biology. However, the lack of an efficient tissue culture system has limited its use in genetic and functional studies. In this study, w...

Superinfection Exclusion Between Japanese Encephalitis Virus Genotypes I and III Occurs During Viral Entry

Superinfection exclusion occurs when a primary viral infection prevents subsequent infection of the same cell. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) comprises several genotypes that differ primarily in their envelope protein sequences, and a shift in predominance from genotype III (G...