National Research Council

Screening of sarcopenia in long-term care facilities using wireless surface electromyography and deep transfer learning: a proof-of-concept study

Abstract Background Sarcopenia is prevalent in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) and is associated with falls, functional decline, and mortality. Aims This proof-of-concept study, within the I-COUNT pilot randomized controlled trial, evaluated the feasibility and diagnostic perfo...

Systemic Oxy-Inflammatory, Hormonal, and Mood Responses to a Ski Mountaineering Competition: Preliminary Evidence from Military Athletes

The study investigated the systemic responses concerning oxy-inflammation, hormones, and mood after a ski mountaineering competition. Nine experienced military ski mountaineers (age, 32.37 ± 8.90 years; body mass, 59.37 ± 9.58 kg; BMI, 19.85 ± 1.53 kg/m−2) were non-invasively ass...

Movement of European freshwater mussels under simulated dewatering conditions

Freshwater ecosystems are exposed to altered hydrological regimes due to climate change and poor water management, resulting in frequent and intense dewatering events. Freshwater mussels (Unionida) are particularly vulnerable to rapid water-level declines. Dewatering can lead to...

MSP4BIO Deliverable 3.4: Ecological toolkit (ESE1) for MPAs prioritization and networking

The Ecological Toolkit (ESE1) was developed to support the design, establishment and management of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) by improving decision-making processes, focusing on prioritisation of areas, integration of connectivity processes and assessment of human impacts on m...

MSP4BIO Deliverable 3.4: Ecological toolkit (ESE1) for MPAs prioritization and networking

The Ecological Toolkit (ESE1) was developed to support the design, establishment and management of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) by improving decision-making processes, focusing on prioritisation of areas, integration of connectivity processes and assessment of human impacts on m...

The impact of stochastic sea ice perturbations on seasonal forecasts

Abstract. Sea ice ensemble forecasts can be highly underdispersive, meaning that the ensemble spread is notably lower than the average forecast error. One common strategy to address underdispersion is to add stochastic perturbations to the forecasts. We detail the implementation...

Differential homeostatic reorganization during high-altitude trekking: multisystemic adaptations and organ-specific resilience

Abstract Introduction High-altitude exposure combined with physical activity triggers complex systemic adaptations. However, multidisciplinary longitudinal investigations into these multiorgan responses remain limited. This prospective observational study aimed to investigate the...

Estimating the Extent of Missed Opportunities for Osteoporosis Treatment Before Hip Fracture Occurrence

Abstract Hip fractures (HF) are among the most serious consequences of osteoporosis. Many individuals who subsequently sustain a HF may already fulfill recognized criteria for fracture risk assessment, bone mineral density (BMD) evaluation, or anti-osteoporosis treatment before t...

Inferential planning in the frontal cortex

Abstract How the brain plans and maintains sequences of future actions remains a central question in systems neuroscience. Recent studies in the frontal cortex have revealed that multiple elements of a sequence are represented simultaneously in separable neural subspaces, challen...

Five Conserved microRNAs Dominate the Small-RNA Pool of Three Arid-Zone Camel-Forage Plants: De Novo Repertoires and a Species-Matched Test of Cross-Kingdom Targeting in the Dromedary

Background: Camel husbandry underpins food security in drylands, and dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) milk is valued as a functional food whose composition is thought to be shaped by the desert forage that camels browse. Dietary plant microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as one m...

Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia from Embryogenesis to Adulthood: Micro-CT Analysis of Stage-Dependent Upper Airway Abnormalities in Odad3 Loss-of-Function Mouse Models

Background/Objectives: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by impaired ciliary function, leading to chronic airway disease. Loss-of-function mutations in ODAD3 (CCDC151) represent an established cause in patients, and Odad3-defic...

Development and Internal Validation of a Clinical Risk Score for Hypovitaminosis D in Italian Adults Aged ≥50 Years Attending Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Disease Centers

Background/Objectives: Hypovitaminosis-D is a highly prevalent condition worldwide, associated with adverse skeletal and extra-skeletal outcomes. Increasing demand for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) testing points toward the need for simple tools to identify individuals at r...

The isolated HEPN domain of SACSIN exhibits RNA-binding activity

Abstract Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix–Saguenay (ARSACS) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the SACS gene, though the molecular function of its protein product, SACSIN, remains elusive. Therapeutic strategies for ARSACS are limited, mostly d...

Discrepancies in the Molecular Epidemiology of Druggable Genetic Alterations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents most lung cancer diagnoses worldwide and remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The advent of precision oncology has transformed the therapeutic landscape of NSCLC through the identification of druggable genetic alterati...

Psychometric properties of the adult executive functioning inventory (ADEXI) in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

The Adult Executive Functioning Inventory (ADEXI) is a brief novel self-report questionnaire designed to assess executive functioning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of its Italian version in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder...

Ecosystem-scale biogenic volatile organic compound fluxes over rapeseed by eddy-covariance

Abstract. Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are key precursors of ozone and secondary organic aerosols, yet their emissions from croplands remain poorly characterized. Here, we report what is, to our knowledge, the first ecosystem-scale quantification of BVOC fluxes ove...

Reducing sialylation in melanoma increases classical pathway-mediated complement activation

Summary Based on the success in pre-clinical models, methods that reduce sialylation in tumors have progressed to clinical trials, as this improves anti-tumor cellular responses. Immune responses against cancer can also be mediated by soluble, non-cellular mechanisms, such as the...

Importance of hydrated aerosol particles for aerosol–fog relationships in the Italian Po Valley

Abstract. Air pollution and fog are closely connected, influencing both visibility and human health. As relative humidity rises, aerosol particles absorb water and grow hygroscopically, potentially activating into fog droplets when supersaturation is reached. Distinguishing betwe...

A compilation of global bio-optical in situ data for ocean-colour satellite applications – version four

Abstract. A global in situ dataset for validation of satellite products from the ESA Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI) is presented. This version of the compilation, with data starting in 1996, extends to 2025, which is important for the validation of recent algorit...

Proteo‐Metabolomic Profiling of PMM2 ‐ CDG Reveals Dysregulation of Retinoic Acid Synthesis, Myo ‐Inositol, and the Hexosamine Pathway

ABSTRACT Phosphomannomutase deficiency (PMM2‐CDG), the most common congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG), is characterized by multisystem involvement and a lack of disease‐modifying therapies. While previous transcriptomic studies have uncovered disrupted cellular pathways,...