National Research Council

Rhodoglobus galactosidasius sp. nov., a psychrophilic Actinomycetota producing a cold-active β-galactosidase isolated from Cape Hallett, Antarctica

A novel psychrophilic member of the phylum Actinomycetota , designated strain CPHL_1 T , was isolated from the shoreline of Cape Hallett, Antarctica. Cells were Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming rods (0.7–1.0 µm in length) with orange to yellow pigmentation. O...

The intracellular subdomain of the volume-regulated anion channel subunit LRRC8A is a hotspot of channel activation

Abstract Volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs), formed by heteromers of LRRC8 subunits, mediate the transport of anions and organic osmolytes in numerous physiological processes. Although their gating mechanism remains poorly understood, conformational rearrangements of the cyt...

Rethinking Oasis Research in North Africa and Sahel: A Systematic Review of Scientific Gaps, Methodological Biases, and Conservation Priorities for Agrobiodiversity

North African oases constitute critical socio-ecosystems characterised by complex agro-biodiversity and millennia of traditional ecological knowledge (TEK). Nevertheless, such fragile landscapes are confronted with mounting pressures from climate change and an-thropogenic activit...

Extratropical teleconnections in a multi-model ensemble nudged towards the observed QBO

The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), the dominant mode of interannual variability of monthly-mean zonal winds and temperatures in the equatorial stratosphere, has a significant influence on the circulation in other regions of the stratosphere and troposphere in boreal winter. To...

Extracellular vesicles in targeted drug delivery: from biological functions to surface engineering

Abstract Achieving precise and efficient targeting represents a major challenge in drug delivery to overcome the limitations of conventional therapies. Surface functionalization of extracellular vesicles (EVs)-nanosized membranous particles released by all cell types- has emerged...

A multi-angle and polarization-based retrieval algorithm for aerosol layer height of smoke and dust

The vertical distribution of aerosols in the atmosphere governs their interactions with solar radiation and cloud processes, and is therefore a key factor influencing their climatic and environmental effects. Existing passive remote sensing methods for retrieving aerosol layer he...

Therapist-Guided Forest Therapy in Adolescents: Operational Feasibility and Anxiety-Symptom Signals from a Two-Classroom Quasi-Experimental Pilot Study

Adolescence is a sensitive period for anxiety symptoms, yet evidence on repeated forest therapy in secondary-school populations remains limited. This two-classroom quasi-experimental pilot examined operational delivery, acute affective responses, and follow-up anxiety-symptom sig...

Inter- and intraspecific niche differences of four co-occurring Baetidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) in a mountain stream

Abstract Quantifying niche occupation and breadth among co-occurring aquatic species is a key challenge in ecology, especially in alpine streams where environmental variability can mask or reduce the effects of competition. This study investigated the niche position, breadth and...

Radiomics and dosiomics in radionecrosis prediction in brain metastasis treated with Stereotactic Radiation Therapy: a machine learning approach

Introduction Stereotactic Radiotherapy plays a main role in Brain Metastases treatment. Radiomics and Dosiomics, coupled with Machine Learning approaches are emerging in radiation oncology as support in clinical decision-making workflow. In this study a machine learning approach...

Matrix-engineered electrospun MIP–MWCNT nanofiber interfaces for programmable ammonia recognition and transduction

Electrospun polymer nanocomposites offer a versatile route to engineer functional interfaces in which molecular recognition, analyte transport, hydration and electrical transduction are integrated within a single fibrous layer. However, the host polymer is often treated mainly as...

Implementation of CoARA principles in CNR Research Director competitions: in-depth document analysis of evaluation grids and detailed mapping of operational features

This paper provides an extended and detailed documentary analysis of the implementation of the principles set forth by the Coalition for Advancing Research Assessment (CoARA) within the competitive selection procedures of the National Research Council of Italy (CNR) for the top-l...

Increasing nitrogen loading in the Gulf of Mexico undermines coral reef resilience

The ongoing global decline of coral reefs underscores the need to identify key mechanisms driving reef deterioration. The Flower Garden Banks (FGB) reefs in the northern Gulf are widely regarded as some of the healthiest in the continental United States, but recent disease outbre...

Implementation of CoARA principles in CNR Research Director competitions: in-depth document analysis of evaluation grids and detailed mapping of operational features

This paper provides an extended and detailed documentary analysis of the implementation of the principles set forth by the Coalition for Advancing Research Assessment (CoARA) within the competitive selection procedures of the National Research Council of Italy (CNR) for the top-l...

Training the brain to play the game: a single-case study of personalized action observation training in an elite basketball player

Optimizing motor learning in sports ideally requires procedures influencing both the physical and cognitive dimensions of performance. The Action Observation Training (AOT) operationalizes this principle by combining action observation, motor imagery, and physical practice and ha...

Entropy-Based Analysis of Olfactory EEG as a Candidate Biomarker for Early Mild Cognitive Impairment Detection: A Proof-of-Concept Study

A decline in olfactory ability represents one of the earliest signs of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and can be valuable information for early diagnosis at the stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Nevertheless, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of olfactory impairment...

Long-term temperature, oxygen and water clarity trends in Swiss lakes

Abstract. Water temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen concentration, and water clarity are key variables routinely measured in Swiss lakes by lake monitoring programs run by cantonal environmental offices and international lake commissions. In most lakes, data is...

Recent advances in molecular mechanisms to improve the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy for viral diseases, cancer, and autoimmune diseases

Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has transformed the treatment of hematological malignancies, yet its broader application to solid tumors, chronic viral infections, and autoimmune diseases remains constrained by antigen heterogeneity, immunosuppressive tiss...

Experimental and numerical study of a bio-methane heavy-duty engine equipped with a pre-chamber ignition system: a focus on flame kernel development and combustion process under lean conditions

In this work, in-depth experimental and numerical analyses are carried out on a single-cylinder bio-methane heavy-duty spark ignition engine, mounting a passive pre-chamber, to investigate the flame kernel formation, the combustion process and the overall performance. In the firs...

Hydrodynamic Cavitation in Circular Hydrometallurgical Flowsheets: Function-Specific Evidence and Process Integration for Secondary-Resource Recovery

Metal-bearing tailings, slimes, metallurgical residues, spent catalysts, ashes, sludges, batteries, and electronic wastes are increasingly important secondary resources, but recovery is constrained by low and variable grades, fine particles, complex phase associations, passivatio...

Comparative Evaluation of Three Temporary Immersion System Bioreactors for Improved In Vitro Propagation and Terpene Production in Myrtus communis L.

Myrtus communis L. is an aromatic and medicinal plant commonly used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries for its bioactive compounds. Temporary immersion systems (TISs) are an efficient and cost-effective in vitro propagation method for enhancing biomass and secon...