Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry for Characterization of Ir-Based Catalysts for PEM Water Electrolyzers

Abstract Iridium-based catalysts remain essential for enabling durable oxygen evolution in proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs), yet their surface and subsurface chemistries remain insufficiently resolved by conventional characterization methods. Here, we establi...

Near‐Micron Single‐Crystalline Mn‐Rich Cathodes With Exceptional Cycling Stability

ABSTRACT Achieving high‐energy‐density and long‐term cycling stability in Mn‐redox‐based cathodes is a critical step toward advancing Ni‐ and Co‐free Li‐ion chemistries to diversify supply chains and lower battery costs. Here, we demonstrate an unusually high performance benchmar...

Cosmological Constraints from Full-scale Clustering and Galaxy–Galaxy Lensing with DESI DR1

Abstract We present constraints on cosmic structure growth from the analysis of galaxy clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing with galaxies from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 1. Our analysis includes four samples drawn from the Bright Galaxy Survey (B...

Angstrom-Precise Vapor-Synthesized Polyamide Membranes for Ion–Ion Separation

Abstract Precise ion–ion separation using nanofiltration (NF) membranes remains a central challenge in water treatment and resource recovery. Conventional fabrication by interfacial polymerization (IP) provides limited control over the structure of the polyamide (PA) selective la...

Machine Learning on Heterogeneous, Edge, and Quantum Hardware for Particle Physics

The next generation of particle physics experiments will face an era of challenges in data acquisition, due to unprecedented data rates and volumes along with extreme environments and operational constraints. Harnessing these data for scientific discovery demands real-time infere...

Monitoring Seismic Moment Release and Focal Mechanisms at Cape and FORGE EGS Sites, Utah

ABSTRACT Accurate estimation of seismic magnitudes and focal mechanisms is a key component of seismic monitoring in enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) for evaluating the state of stress in the subsurface, efficiency of geothermal activities, and induced seismicity hazard. We prese...

Joint Modeling of GD-1 and C-19 as Old Streams

Abstract DESI observational data for the GD-1 and C-19 streams are compared to stream simulations in an evolving multihalo potential of a Milky Way–like galaxy based on a cosmological Milky Way–like simulation. The number of subhalos decreases with time, and the subhalo-stream en...

Cobamide-based interactions between soil bacteria can be predicted based on monoculture growth

ABSTRACT Interactions between microbes shape the structure and function of microbial communities. While studying interactions is key to understanding microbial communities as a whole, gaining a detailed mechanistic view is challenging due to the number of co-occurring interaction...

An automated operon refactoring workflow for heterologous expression of non-ribosomal peptide biosynthetic gene clusters

Microbial genomes encode numerous biosynthetic gene clusters, yet most remain experimentally uncharacterized, particularly large non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) clusters that resist conventional cloning. Existing refactoring approaches are labor-intensive, depend on de no...

Worth Their Weight: Randomized and Regularized Block Kaczmarz Algorithms without Preprocessing

Abstract. Due to the ever growing amounts of data leveraged for machine learning and scientific computing, it is increasingly important to develop algorithms that sample only a small portion of the data at a time. In the case of linear least-squares, the randomized block Kaczmarz...

Single‐Crystal Helical Covalent Polymers with Organic Counter Cations

ABSTRACT Helical polymers, central to many bioactive molecules and polymers, offer distinctive functional properties, yet the precise synthesis and atomic‐level characterization of artificial helical covalent polymers (HCPs) remain challenging. Here, we demonstrate that soft orga...

Selective Biexciton Generation under Energy-Time Entangled Quantum Light in Quantum Dots

Abstract Quantum light provides opportunities for controlling multiphoton absorption beyond the classical limits. Here, we investigate biexciton generation in nanocrystal quantum dots driven by energy-time-entangled photon pairs generated via spontaneous parametric downconversion...

The Composite Spectrum of QSO Absorption Line Systems in DESI DR2

Abstract We present details regarding a composite spectrum of quasar (QSO) absorption line systems. In this composite spectrum, we identify more than 70 absorption lines and observe oxygen and hydrogen emission features at a higher signal-to-noise ratio than any previous study. A...

Quantification of Contaminants and Proton Exchange in Garnet Phase Powders and Their Impact on Li+ Transport in Hybrid Electrolytes

Garnet-phase Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) is a promising solid-state electrolyte in lithium metal batteries but suffers from contaminant formation upon exposure to ambient conditions. We use a suite of analytical methods to quantify this contamination and the resulting protonation of Ta-d...

Phage-based depletion of Variovorax reveals interactions within intact microbiomes

Abstract Background Testing microbial interaction hypotheses, including metabolite cross-feeding, remains a major challenge in microbiome research. Phages have the potential to probe organism-organism interactions within complex microbiomes yet are rarely utilised for this purpos...

Atomic‐Scale Control of Substrate‐Spin Coupling Via Vertical Manipulation of a 2D Metal‐Organic Framework

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with frustrated crystal geometries can host strongly correlated electrons, potentially leading to a range of exotic many-body quantum phases, such as Mott insulators, quantum spin-liquids, and Kondo lattices. The ability to control exchange-coupling...

AMReX-Codes/pyamrex: 26.10

Dependencies AMReX: 26.10 pybind11: 3.0.4 Python: 3.11 - 3.14 What's Changed Fix Sphinx Stubs & Autogen by @ax3l in https://github.com/AMReX-Codes/pyamrex/pull/618 PODVector from_array by @ax3l in https://github.com/AMReX-Codes/pyamrex/pull/580 Release: pyAMReX 26.10 by @EZoni in...

Narrow-Line-Width Electroluminescence in Monolayer WSe2 Enabled by a Sub-5 nm Au/Pt Nanogap

Abstract Spectrally isolated, electrically driven emission from localized states in two-dimensional semiconductors remains challenging in scalable planar devices. Here, we report narrow-line-width alternating-current electroluminescence (ACEL) from localized states in monolayer W...

The DESI Y1 RR Lyrae Catalog. II. The Metallicity Dependency of Pulsational Properties, the Shape of the RR Lyrae Instability Strip, and Metal Rich RR Lyrae

Abstract RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) are valuable probes of both Milky Way assembly and stellar-evolution physics. Using a sample 6240 RRLs obtained in the first year of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey, we investigate the metallicity of RRLs and its correlation w...

Mechanistic Study of CO2 Reduction in a Metal Nanoparticle/Ligand-Based Nanoconfined Pocket

Abstract Electrochemically reducing CO2 holds promise for producing value-added chemicals. Achieving this requires electrocatalysts with high selectivity and energy efficiency. Nanopocket engineering enhances catalytic activity by modulating interfacial reactivity and stabilizing...