Kumamoto University

Probing sub-nanosecond timing properties of micron-scale transition edge sensors via a parallel SQUID-semiconductor readout scheme

Abstract The transition edge sensor (TES) is known for its superior energy resolution and utilized in diverse physics experiments. TESs with micrometer dimensions have photon-number-resolving capabilities in infrared wavelengths, serving as a key device particularly for non-Gauss...

Weak Ferromagnetism in NiS 2 under Nanocrystallization

Structurally well-ordered NiS 2 nanocrystals with an average diameter of 27.0 ± 6.5 nm retain the bulk-like two-step antiferromagnetic transitions, as shown by magnetization and heat-capacity measurements. Below the lower transition, the nanocrystals exhibit a hysteretic ferromag...

Divergent proviral load trajectories and clonal dynamics of HTLV-1-infected cells during antirheumatic therapy in rheumatoid arthritis

The optimal management of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carriers requiring long-term immunomodulatory therapy remains unclear. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) living with HTLV-1 frequently receive antirheumatic therapy, raising concerns regarding the potenti...

Griffiths Inequalities and Gibbs–Bogoliubov Inequality for General Gauge Glasses with Gaussian Disorder on Nishimori Line

We consider a class of gauge glass models with Gaussian disorder on the Nishimori line, including the Ising spin glass, the XY gauge glass, the Z q gauge glass, and the gauge-invariant Potts model. We prove that the first and second Griffiths inequalities hold for these models on...

Akhirin Preserves Hemostatic Wound Repair Through Non-Hematopoietic Regulation of the Vascular Injury Microenvironment

Hemostasis and wound healing are highly coordinated processes that involve rapid clot formation followed by controlled remodeling of the injured tissue microenvironment. Prior work on Akhirin (AKH), a secreted extracellular matrix protein containing two von Willebrand factor A do...

Telomere variant sequences encode the genetic blueprint for allele-specific telomere length

The ends of human chromosomes are capped by specialized nucleoprotein structures, termed telomeres, which are essential for genome stability. Recent advances in long-read sequencing have enabled allele-specific telomere length measurements at nucleotide resolution, uncovering ext...

Evaluation of clinical prognostic factors for radium-223 therapy in castration-resistant prostate cancer with bone metastases: the KYUCOG-1901 study

We evaluated clinical factors associated with symptomatic skeletal events (SSEs), radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), and overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and bone metastases treated with radium-223 (Ra-223)...

Maxwell’s Demon in Markov Chain Monte Carlo: Cooling Information Flow and Entropy Balance

Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms can be viewed as feedback devices that compare a proposed move with the target distribution and then accept or reject it. In this paper the Maxwell demon is identified with the acceptance module: it measures a proposed edge, stores the outcome...

Selection of semiconducting metal oxides for light-activated gas sensors at low temperature

Abstract Light activation is a promising approach for lowering the power consumption and increasing the selectivity of chemoresistive gas sensors based on semiconducting metal oxides. In this study, different aspects of commonly used materials are investigated, compared, and eval...

Silk Fibroin–Polyethylene Glycol 400 Composite Sponges with Enhanced Water Absorption and Hemostatic Performance

Abstract We have developed silk fibroin (SF)–polyethylene glycol (PEG) composite sponges, focusing on PEG 400 (PEG400), to enhance the mechanical strength, water absorption, and hemostatic performance of SF sponges. The SF–PEG400 sponge showed superior water absorption—approximat...

Angioarchitectural characterization of transdural supply in brain arteriovenous malformations: a multicenter retrospective study

Transdural supply (TDS) is a recognized angioarchitectural feature of brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs). We aimed to systematically characterize the angioarchitecture of TDS in bAVMs, focusing on whether transdural feeders terminated within the nidus or connected directly...

Aberrant SOX9 expression mediated by protumour macrophages predicts poorer clinical outcomes in hepatoblastoma

Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are known to promote tumour progression in many kinds of malignant tumour, including hepatoblastoma (HB). Based on previous studies, we suggested that TAM-mediated sex-determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9) signal might enhance HB progression. The...

Analysis of Critical Points in a Permutation Model on Hierarchical Lattices by Real-Space Renormalization Group

The permutation model is a classical spin system where elements of the symmetric group interact with one another. The partition function of this model is directly related to the entanglement structure of random quantum circuits and random tensor networks. In these contexts, the e...

Prediction-based sign placement using QA sampling

We present a pedestrian-flow forecasting and sign-placement workflow that leverages quantum annealing (QA) not as an optimizer, but as a sampler of individual trajectories. To reconstruct latent crowd dynamics from sparse measurements, we formulate a quadratic unconstrained binar...

Probing Lattice‐Oxygen Redox in Pt‐WO 3 Nanocrystals by Operando Spectroscopy: Bridging Surface Chemistry and Ethanol Sensing

ABSTRACT Understanding how lattice oxygen participates in gas sensing remains a challenge in metal‐oxide chemistry. Here, we combine operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), operando Raman spectroscopy, ex situ electron paramagnetic resonance...

PPARG directs trophoblast cell fate and establishment of the uterine-placental interface

Abstract The expansion and differentiation of trophoblast stem (TS) cells are critical for defining fundamental properties of the placenta. Specialized trophoblast cells called extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells in human and invasive trophoblast cells in rat, exit the placenta,...

Finite-Basis Duality Estimate for the Surface-Code Threshold under Correlated Bit-Flip Errors

We apply finite-basis duality to a statistical-mechanical model introduced by Chubb and Flammia for the surface code under spatially correlated bit-flip noise, for which their mapping gives a random-bond Ising model with both two-body edge interactions and four-body face interact...

Attention-Like Hebbian Learning from Quantum Probability Flow and Quantum-Annealer Tests

We propose a quantum probability-flow principle for deriving local learning rules in associative memory. A transverse field defines leakage channels from data states, and minimizing the measured survival loss gives stability-driven updates. For imaginary-time, dephased dynamics,...

Structure-Function Study of Symmetrically Substituted Pyridine Derivatives Based on the Iron binding Site of Bleomycin

Abstract Symmetrical molecules were designed based on the bleomycin iron-binding site leading to an unexpected finding of a zinc-binding molecule SN-1. SN-1 and its derivatives inhibited/regulated zinc finger proteins HIV-EP1, farnesyltransferase, APOBEC3G, TRAF6, and ADAM17. HPH...

Discovery of Bis-ThioureaDerivatives as Human DNATopoisomerase IIα Inhibitors with Potent Anticancer Effects

Abstract DNA topoisomerase IIα (Topo IIα) is essential for maintaining genomic stability during DNA replication and mitosis and is highly expressed in cancer cells, making it a promising target for anticancer therapy. In this study, bis-thiourea derivatives were investigated for...