King Faisal University

Machine learning-based prediction of bead geometry in AZ31 magnesium alloy using robotic cold metal transfer WAAM

This research proposes a machine learning (ML)-assisted framework for bead geometry analysis and optimization in cold metal transfer (CMT)-processed AZ31 magnesium parts. This work aims to predict and validate the bead geometry of single beads using ML techniques. This approach c...

Sustainability Disclosure, Governance, and Corporate Performance: Evidence from Accounting- and Market-Based Measures

Background This study examines the impact of sustainability disclosure — both environmental and social — on the financial performance of listed companies in Bangladesh. With increasing international attention on sustainability reporting, there is little evidence on how the qualit...

A Regression-Based Machine Learning Approach for Rehabilitation of Corroded RC Culverts Strengthened with SMA

Box culverts are critical components of transportation infrastructure, yet their load-carrying capacity is often compromised by reinforcement corrosion and geometric deterioration. This study proposes an integrated finite element (FEM) and machine learning (ML) framework to evalu...

Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy for appendicitis in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Acute appendicitis is among the most common pediatric surgical emergencies worldwide. Laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) has gained wide acceptance in recent years ; however, its superiority over the traditional open appendectomy (OA) is still a topic of debate, particularly regardin...

Serum IL-38 and the rs7599662 polymorphism: novel biomarkers for pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome

Abstract Background Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is the most common chronic glomerular disorder in children and is characterized by a variable response to corticosteroid therapy. Interleukin-38 (IL-38), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, and its gene polymorphisms may influenc...

Three Solution Approaches for Single-objective and Multi-objective Intuitionistic Fuzzy Matrix Games: a Two-level Optimization Framework and its Applications

Intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) enhance traditional fuzzy sets by introducing a hesitation margin-the difference between one and the sum of the membership and non-membership degrees-capturing uncertainty more effectively. This added flexibility makes IFSs particularly suitable f...

MSSARN - multi-layer spectral-spatial attention based residual network for HSI classification

Abstract Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) presents several challenges in remote sensing, particularly in classification tasks. One significant challenge is the high dimensionality of HSI data, which includes hundreds of spectral bands. Another challenge is the spectral-spaatial comple...

Experimental and data-driven modeling based analysis of upstream wall-proximity effects on the performance of propellers for multirotor UAVs

The present study investigates the influence of upstream wall proximity on thrust and efficiency in multirotor UAV systems through a combination of experimental measurements and data-driven artificial neural network (ANN) based modeling approaches. Experiments are conducted using...

Emerging chemical and biotechnological approaches for sustainable treatment of food industrial wastewater and resource valorization: a review

Abstract Food industrial wastewater (FIWW) is a high‐strength and compositionally complex effluent generated from dairy, meat, beverage, fruit and vegetable, and agro‐processing industries. Characterized by high concentrations of organic matter (COD: 1000–6000 mg L −1 ; BOD: 600–...

A multimodal deep learning assisted uncertainty-aware MPC framework for fault tolerant control of aviation piston pumps

Aviation piston pumps are critical components of aircraft hydraulic systems. The progressive wear can significantly degrade system reliability, control accuracy and operational safety of piston pumps. Conventional fault-tolerant control (FTC) methods generally rely on fixed syste...

Perspectives of nursing among male pre-nursing students: a Q-methodology study

Nursing continues to face workforce shortages globally, and increasing the participation of men has been identified as one strategy for strengthening workforce capacity. In Saudi Arabia, efforts to expand and sustain the national nursing workforce have highlighted the importance...

Graph-based AI approaches for supply chain risk and fraud detection

Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM) seeks to identify, assess, and mitigate risks such as fraud, operational delays, and financial irregularities to enhance supply chain resilience. This study introduces an Adversarial Autoencoder-based Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network (AAHGNN)...

Coordinated optimization of electric vehicle charging infrastructure and reactive power compensation in active distribution networks with V2G services

This work presents an innovative strategy to augment the efficiency and profitability of electrical distribution networks (DNs) in the context of increasing plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) acceptance. The method focuses on the optimal assignment of PEV charging stations and capaci...

Application of in vitro digestion and dialysability procedure for bioavailability evaluation of toxic elements in green leafy vegetables: a realistic health risk assessment by Monte Carlo simulation

Green leafy vegetables (GLVs), which are vital and widely consumed worldwide, require monitoring for contaminants, including toxic elements (TEs). This study measured total concentrations (TC) and bioavailable concentrations (BC) of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium...

Postharvest application of hot water and ultraviolet light prolongs the marketable window of fresh grapes by maintaining physicochemical attributes during ambient storage

The short shelf life of table grapes, mainly due to moisture loss, oxidative stress, and loss of quality during ambient storage conditions, is a significant limitation in regions that do not have cold-chain facilities. The current research addresses this challenge by comparing th...

Reassessing the Education–FDI–Trade Nexus for a Sustainable Future: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

<ns5:p>Background Education, foreign direct investment (FDI), and trade openness can influence environmental sustainability through competing human-capital, technology-transfer, scale, composition, and pollution-haven channels. Evidence for Sub-Saharan Africa remains fragmented a...

Mitigating chromium stress on pea (Pisum sativum L.) by foliar application of trehalose

<title>Abstract</title> Pea ( <italic>Pisum sativum</italic> L.) is a valuable legume crop known for its high protein content and role in improving soil fertility through nitrogen fixation. This study tested how foliar application of trehalose can help two pea varieties (Supreme...

Diagnostic Yield of Comprehensive Etiologic Evaluation in Young Adults with Ischemic Stroke: Toward a Phenotype-Driven Approach

Background/Objectives: Young-onset ischemic stroke shows substantial etiologic heterogeneity. However, the value and diagnostic yield of advanced cardiac and autoimmune evaluations in young adults remain uncertain. Methods: Patients aged 25–55 years admitted with acute ischemic s...

Environmental sustainability in belt and road economies: quantile GMM STIRPAT evidence on the roles of trade, digitalization, renewable energy, innovation, urbanization, and human development

The stress on environmental systems of the involved economies has increased due to the fast rate of economic integration encouraged by the Belt and Road Initiative. The massive infrastructural spending, intensifying trade movement, and quickening urbanisation have simultaneously...

Fixed-Point Theorem via a Composite Matkowski Comparison Function for a Generalized Ćirić–Reich–Rus Interpolative Contraction with Iterates and Applications to Fractional and Nonlinear Integral Equations

This paper establishes existence and uniqueness results for a generalized Ćirić–Reich–Rus interpolative contraction involving distinct forward horizons p,q&gt;1 and a delay parameter r&gt;1. By employing a Matkowski comparison function φ and introducing a composite condition Ψ(t)...