King Faisal University

Sulfur and polymer coating on urea enhances antioxidant defense, nutrient balance, secondary metabolites, and nitrogen use efficiency in salt‑stressed wheat

Soil salinity is a growing threat to wheat productivity. This study evaluated whether different coated urea formulations– especially polymer-sulfur-coated urea (PSCU) – could help wheat cope with different salt stress levels: non-saline control (1.3 dS m − 1 , showing the natural...

Adsorption of hazardous Acid Violet 17 on Vachellia nilotica biochar: experimental and statistical physics modelling

Abstract Inadequate management of chemical industrial effluents necessitates the development of high-capacity, sustainable wastewater treatment technologies. This study investigates the adsorptive removal of hazardous Acid Violet 17 (AV17) dye using a novel biochar derived from V...

High-Rank Grouped Delta Operators Enable Dynamic Geometric Transformations in Residual Networks

HRG-Delta replaces standard residual rank-1 reflections with rank-$r$ grouped subspace transformations, using dynamically generated orthonormal bases and bounded gating coefficients.

Humanoid-human Collaboration in Understanding Implications of Driving Under Influence of Drugs: Systematic Review Versus Artificial Intelligence

Abstract This research involved co-creating a systematic review analysis alongside the world’s smartest humanoid robot, Ami. The work involved a human-humanoid collaboration in understanding driving under the influence of drugs’ (DUIDs’) prevalence, implications and chemical anal...

Anomaly detection of internet of medical things cyberattacks using federated learning

Abstract Devices connected to the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) handle sensitive patient data under strict privacy and resource constraints. Centralized intrusion detection introduces privacy risks and communication bottlenecks, while existing Federated Learning (FL) solution...

Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of full-thickness abdominal wall injuries complicated by evisceration and fistulation in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Background Abdominal wall injuries in dromedary camels often result in life-threatening evisceration or persistent fistulation. While well documented in equines and bovines, standardized surgical management protocols and survival outcomes for camelids remain scarce in veterinary...

Quantum Rigidity of Cayley Graphs: An Algebraic Approach via Schur Ring

A Cayley graph Γ=Cay(G,S) is a graphical regular representation (GRR) of G if Aut(Γ)=G acts regularly. We call Γ a quantum rigid if its quantum automorphism group also satisfies QAut(Γ)=G. We prove that a Cayley graph whose coherent (two-dimensional Weisfeiler–Leman) closure is t...

Bibliometric analysis of green entrepreneurship as a driver of sustainable innovation in Saudi Arabia

This study examines the role of green entrepreneurship in fostering sustainable innovation and supporting the growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Saudi Arabia, a priority reinforced by the Vision 2030 transformation agenda. Despite increasing policy and academic atte...

Cluster headache care gaps among primary healthcare physicians in the Middle East, North Africa, and Türkiye: a multinational study

Cluster headache is one of the most severely disabling primary headache disorders and is frequently associated with diagnostic delay, inappropriate treatment, disability, and substantial psychosocial burden. Because primary healthcare (PHC) physicians are commonly the first point...

Oncology nurse navigator core competencies and patient satisfaction

Oncology nurse navigators (ONNs) are increasingly recognized for their vital role in improving the quality of cancer care by supporting patients throughout their treatment journey. In Egypt, nurse navigation implementation remains limited, and empirical evidence examining the rel...

Investigation of leptospirosis as a cause of abortion in cattle and sheep in the Republic of Ireland

Abstract Background Sheep and cattle are considered maintenance hosts for Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjo-prajitno and Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo-bovis in Ireland, where the disease is endemic in these species. The infection can lead to impaired fertility, abo...

Reassessing the Education–FDI–Trade Nexus for a Sustainable Future: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

Background Education, foreign direct investment (FDI), and trade openness influence environmental sustainability through competing human capital, technology transfer, scale, composition, and pollution-haven channels. Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa remains fragmented and often o...

Writing the Unspeakable: Breast Cancer Survivors’ Experiences of Expressive Writing as Psychosocial Support

Objectives To explore breast cancer survivors' experiences of facilitated expressive writing as psychosocial support in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, and to understand how writing contributed to emotional processing, identity reconstruction, social reconnection, and meaning-making. Data...

Overcoming the Energy–Health Trade-Off in Smart Buildings: AI-Driven Dynamic Thresholding for Sustainable HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) Actuation and Multi-Pollutant Management

Modern smart buildings face the challenge of balancing energy-saving requirements with strict indoor air quality regulations. The aim of this research is to develop an intelligent, energy-efficient, and robust multi-pollutant forecasting and control framework that integrates hybr...

A cognitive network framework for intelligent 5G systems with AI-based traffic analysis and adaptive optimization

Abstract This paper describes the design of a secure and sustainable communication framework that is specifically targeted for interactive mobile learning platforms and the data of the users are protected through effectively applying lightweight cryptographic methods, characteriz...

Temperature‐Controlled Synthesis of Fe‐Based Graphite Nanocomposites for Sustainable Photocatalysis and Electrocatalysis Application

ABSTRACT This study reports the temperature‐controlled synthesis of iron‐based graphite nanocomposites prepared via a sol–gel route followed by electro‐spraying and evaluates their photocatalytic and electrocatalytic performance. At a calcination temperature of 750°C, the materia...

Optical, thermal, and thermomechanical tailoring of PVA/CMC/CNT nanocomposites via CdS incorporation

In this study, polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose (PVA/CMC) nanocomposite films reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and 1, 2, and 3 wt% CdS nanoparticles were successfully fabricated via a facile solution-casting method. XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed the preservation...

The roles of perceived support, career attractiveness, and self-employment preference in enhancing entrepreneurial readiness

Entrepreneurial readiness is increasingly important for preparing university students to translate entrepreneurial aspirations into potential action, yet existing research has focused predominantly on entrepreneurial intention and has paid comparatively limited attention to the i...

Insecticidal activity of Metarhizium anisopliae-mediated nanoparticles and fungal metabolites against the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus

Abstract This study evaluated the insecticidal activity of green-synthesized metallic nanoparticles (Ag, CuO, and ZnO) and the ethanolic extract of Metarhizium anisopliae against the red palm weevil ( Rhynchophorus ferrugineus ). Physicochemical characterization confirmed the suc...

Decarbonizing Sub-Saharan Africa: the role of ESG engagement in reducing corporate carbon emissions

Reducing corporate carbon emissions is crucial for achieving global climate goals. Although ESG engagement may encourage firms to improve environmental performance, its effectiveness in reducing corporate carbon emissions remains underexplored in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study in...