King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

Selective Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation to Hydrogen Peroxide via Tip-Induced Interfacial Regulation

Abstract Bicarbonate (HCO3–) electrolytes have significantly promoted photoelectrochemical water oxidation to H2O2 production over the competitive O2 evolution. However, the selectivity and efficiency are still fundamentally constrained by the limited solubility of the HCO3–, the...

Coral-associated denitrification is seasonally variable and species-specific

Abstract Nitrogen (N) plays a critical role in coral growth, but maintaining an N-limited state is essential for coral-algal symbiosis stability. Coral-associated denitrifiers may help regulate excess N, though denitrification in corals remains poorly quantified. To better unders...

Incorporating Wave Physical Priors into Diffusion Models: A Novel Approach to Seismic Resolution Enhancement

Seismic resolution enhancement remains a critical challenge in exploration geophysics, particularly when processing field data characterized by limited bandwidth, strong noise, and insufficient labeled training samples. Existing deep learning methods typically rely on supervised...

Critical information on the genus Lethrinus from the Red Sea, applications for fisheries conservation and management

Abstract Emperor fishes of the genus Lethrinus are ecologically and commercially important in the Red Sea, supporting artisanal fisheries across Saudi Arabia. Collectively, the Lethrinus species contribute substantially to local fish landings, with average annual catches exceedin...

Resolving Host-Associated Antimicrobial Resistance in Municipal Wastewater Using Hi-C Metagenomics

Conventional wastewater metagenomics enables population-level surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) but provides limited insight into the bacterial hosts, genomic context, and the mobility of resistance determinants. In this study, we applied high-throughput chromosome c...

Strainprox: Seismic Time-Strain Inversion with Proximal Solvers

Abstract This paper introduces a novel methodology, called StrainProx, for direct time-strain inversion of time-lapse seismic data, grounded in convex optimization theory. A synthetic example is first designed to illustrate the limitations of state-of-the-art time-shift and time-...

Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Biosensors for Disease Biomarker Detection and Environmental Monitoring from Fundamental Principles to Emerging Applications

Molecularly imprinted polymers have emerged as robust synthetic recognition materials for selective detection of disease biomarkers and environmental contaminants owing to their high physicochemical stability, low production cost and tunable binding site architecture. Compared wi...

From regional traffic reorganization to sector-level airspace responses: The 28 February 2026 Middle East airspace disruption

Large-scale airspace disruptions can reorganize civil aviation traffic far beyond the directly affected airspace, yet their operational consequences are difficult to characterize using traffic volume alone. This study examines the 28 February 2026 Middle East airspace disruption...

Mixed-Precision Quantization for Language Models: Techniques and Prospects

The rapid scaling of Language Models (LMs) has resulted in unprecedented computational, memory, and energy requirements, making their training and deployment increasingly unsustainable. Quantization has emerged as a crucial compression technique for reducing model size, alleviati...

Pre-monsoon hydrochemistry and multivariate analysis of deep groundwater, Sagar Island, Sundarbans

Abstract Deep Quaternary aquifers in Holocene mega-deltas are often assumed to be protected by low-permeability clay aquitards, yet they remain vulnerable to climate-driven and anthropogenic stress. This study investigated the confined aquifer system of Sagar Island, India, durin...

A note on Landau damping of two-species Vlasov–Poisson system

Abstract In this note we adopt an approach by Grenier et al (2021 Math. Res. Lett. 28 1679–1702) for studying the nonlinear Landau damping of the two-species Vlasov–Poisson system in the phase space T x d × R v d with the dimension d ⩾ 1 . The main goal is twofold: one is to exte...

Transport Cross Sections and Collisional Energy Relaxation of Superthermal O(3P) Atoms in N2 for Planetary Aeronomy

Abstract Superthermal (“hot”) oxygen atoms deposit their energy in planetary upper atmospheres and in hypersonic shock layers through collisions with N2, but the rate at which they do so is set not by the magnitude of the collision cross section, which is dominated by forward dif...

Visual, vestibular, and ocular motor changes during nitroglycerin‐triggered vestibular migraine

BACKGROUND: Intravenous nitroglycerin (NTG) is a well-established model for provoking migraine attacks, but it has not previously been used to characterize vestibular migraine (VM). Different types of nystagmus have been reported during spontaneous VM attacks. We aimed to measure...

Rainfall-induced microbial resuscitation reveals functional decoupling across biocrust succession

Abstract Dryland ecosystems rely on infrequent rainfall pulses to activate soil microbial communities, yet the fraction and identity of microbes resuscitating after hydration remain unclear. We applied bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging coupled with fluorescence-activ...

The nutritional value of invertebrate aquatic foods

Abstract Aquatic invertebrates are a diverse, nutrient-dense, and socio-ecologically important food whose contribution to human nutrition is frequently overlooked. We quantify their contribution to global nutrient supplies and estimate the nutrient content of >50,000 macroinverte...

Quantifying Ground-Motion Variability from Rupture Uncertainty: How Many Simulations Are Enough?

ABSTRACT Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) increasingly leverages physics-based simulations (PBS) to improve the representation of source, site, and path effects, particularly in regions with limited observational data. Source parameters exert a strong influence on g...

Meta‐Learning‐Enhanced Implicit Full Waveform Inversion

ABSTRACT Implicit full waveform inversion (IFWI) introduces implicit neural representations to parameterize the subsurface velocity model as a continuous function of spatial coordinates, which alleviates the dependence on the initial model and improves inversion flexibility. Howe...

Determinants of highly pathogenic avian influenza spread during bird migration

Abstract Migratory waterfowl are central to the global spread of the Goose/Guangdong lineage of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), yet the parameters and processes shaping their role remain poorly understood, with evidence scattered across studies focused on narrow sets...

All electrical sub-nanosecond field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization with high magnetic field immunity

Spin-orbit torque magnetic random-access memory is a promising next-generation non-volatile memory technology featuring low power consumption, rapid operation, and high endurance. Conventional spin-orbit torque-induced deterministic perpendicular magnetization switching, however,...

Solving Mean-Field Games with Monotonicity Methods in Banach Spaces

Abstract. This paper develops a unified framework for proving the existence of solutions to stationary first-order mean-field games (MFGs) based on the theory of monotone operators in Banach spaces. We cast the coupled MFG system as a variational inequality, overcoming the limita...