Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

INCREASED PREVALENCE OF PANCREATIC CYSTS IN NONSECRETOR (FUT2 NULL) INDIVIDUALS UNDER PANCREATIC SURVEILLANCE

Abstract Background: Pancreatic surveillance commonly detects pancreatic cysts, most of which are presumed intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN). FUT2, the gene responsible for secretor status, has been implicated in IPMN development, although not with pancreatic cancer...

A case for expanding access to minimally invasive and uterine-preserving surgery in complex fibroid disease

McMurray et al. (2026) recently published a retrospective analysis of 550 patients undergoing laparoscopic myomectomy for uterine fibroids at a single specialist centre. The authors found that pati...

The Cold-Air Outbreaks in the Marine Boundary Layer Experiment model-observation intercomparison project (COMBLE-MIP) – Part 1: Model specification, observational constraints, and preliminary findings

Models struggle to represent the coupled microphysical, turbulent and radiative processes within widespread, long-lived marine cold-air outbreak (CAO) cloud fields, contributing to forecast and climate biases. Here we combine ground-based and satellite measurements to initialize...

Optical Diffraction Tomography and Interpretable Machine Learning Reveal Biophysical Signatures of Gametocyte-Stage Malaria in Red Blood Cells

Abstract Accurate, stage-specific diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infection is critical for clinical management and transmission control of malaria. Current diagnostic tools, including Giemsa-stained microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), are constrained by their relian...

Assessing the impacts of sufficient and reliable electricity in low-resource healthcare facilities

Health systems across sub-Saharan Africa often lack the electricity needed for lighting, medical, diagnostic, and sterilization equipment, and refrigeration. More than one billion people globally rely on facilities with no electricity or a highly unreliable supply. Using survey d...

Chorus Wave‐Induced Ionospheric Variability

Abstract Electron microbursts are short‐lived but intense electron precipitation and constitute a significant source of electron losses into the ionosphere and lower atmosphere. They are primarily produced by wave‐particle interaction with chorus waves in the magnetosphere. We in...

Biocompatible Microscale DNA Hydrogels with Programmable Swelling and Sequence-Specific Dissolution

Stimulus-responsive DNA hydrogels with swelling capabilities are a promising class of materials for biomedical applications such as drug delivery and biosensing. However, translation of these systems to microscale applications requires fabrication methods that are both biocompati...

Satellite-based assessment of hydrologic synchronization across Western U.S. basins: Implications for water security

Study Region This study examines the Western United States including five HUC2 watersheds (Upper Colorado, Lower Colorado, Great Basin, California, Pacific Northwest) and 44 HUC4 sub-basins. This region supports over 60 million people and extensive agriculture with water stress f...

Nuclear Localization Signals Enable the Cellular Delivery of an Anti-CRISPR Protein to Control Genome Editing

ABSTRACT Precise regulation of Cas9 activity is essential to minimize off-target effects, mosaicism, chromosomal alterations, immunogenicity, and genotoxicity in genome editing. Although type II anti-CRISPR proteins (Acrs) can inhibit and regulate Cas9, their size and anionic cha...

Reproducibility, Replicability, and Research Quality in Homogeneous Catalysis

Abstract Researchers from all sectors of homogeneous catalysis convened in response to concerns regarding reproducibility in science to analyze the issue and provide recommendations. In addition to an in-person workshop, the group engaged the broader homogeneous catalysis communi...

Care Models for the Genetic Evaluation of Dilated Cardiomyopathy at Sites of the DCM Consortium

Abstract Background Clinical genetic evaluation for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is minimally implemented and models of care are not defined. To understand current genetics care for DCM, a systematic needs assessment was conducted. Methods Principal Investigators (P...

New Electron Population Trapped at Low Latitudes Near Jupiter

Abstract We report observations of a low energy (<2 keV), trapped electron population near Jupiter's magnetic equator made by the Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment (JADE) on Juno. Electron intensity peaks around the location of the minimum magnetic field magnitude along the...

Observations of Atmospheric Helium and Oxygen With SPHEREx

Abstract We present measurements of near‐infrared (NIR) terrestrial airglow produced by helium and oxygen in the exosphere as observed by the Spectro‐Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization, and ices Explorer (SPHEREx). Using 8 months of survey data obta...

Metrics and Models for Gravity Tractor Demonstration Missions and Deflections

The gravity tractor is an asteroid deflection technology that uses the mutual gravity between a spacecraft and a small body to perturb the body’s trajectory. We develop low-fidelity and high-fidelity models to track the effects of a gravity tractor on a target body. As a case stu...

Pricing and hedging renewable power purchase agreement floors under stochastic generation

Abstract Renewable power purchase agreements (PPAs) expose generators and offtakers to capture‐price risk because realised revenue depends on prices during renewable production hours. Downside protection written on the production‐weighted settlement price is economically relevant...

2-arm-PEG-OligocationsTransiently Shield theLiver Sinusoids to Mitigate Off-Target Hepatic Expression of mRNALipid Nanoparticles

ABSTRACT Ionizable lipid nanoparticles (iLNPs) are powerful platforms for mRNA-based vaccines and immunotherapies; however, their intrinsic liver tropism compromises both safety and efficacy. Off-target hepatic protein expression from delivered mRNA raises safety concerns, and he...

A Hybrid Transfer Learning Approach for Ambient PM2.5 Exposure Modeling in LMIC Contexts: A Case Study from Lima, Peru

Abstract Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) contributes to millions of premature deaths annually worldwide. While epidemiological studies increasingly rely on geospatial technologies, such as satellite remote sensing, low-cost sensors, and chemical transport models, to q...

Wavelength Requirements for Life Detection via Reflected Light Spectroscopy of Rocky Exoplanets

Searching for signs of life is a primary goal of the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO). However, merely detecting oxygen, methane, or other widely discussed biosignatures is insufficient evidence for a biosphere. In parallel with biosignature detection, exoplanet life detection...

A Review ofAmmonia (NH3) Adsorption inPorous Solids

Abstract Ammonia (NH3) plays a crucial role in the agricultural sector as a fertilizer and is a dense hydrogen carrier that offers a potential renewable and carbon-free energy source. These significant advantages necessitate the development of efficient NH3 synthesis and separati...

Adapting in-cell ELISA to investigate the localization of hepatitis C virus envelope glycoproteins

The development of hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccines remains challenging due to extensive viral genetic diversity and the complex biology of the envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2, which are major targets of broadly neutralizing antibodies and are associated with spontaneous viral c...