Jichi Medical University

Repertoire diversity and dynamics of peripheral Th17 after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Summary Th17, a subset of helper T cells that produce interleukin‐17 (IL‐17), is thought to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). However, the kinetics of Th17 following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT)...

Refractory Psoriatic Lesions in Japanese Patients Before and After Switching Biologics

ABSTRACT Biologics can improve disease control in patients with psoriasis vulgaris (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA); however, refractory regions may persist despite biologic therapy. This study aimed to evaluate refractory anatomical regions in patients with PsO and PsA who un...

A case of renal hypouricemia type 1 associated with compound heterozygous URAT1/SLC22A12 variants A209V and F379L: clinical evidence for their pathogenic significance

Abstract Renal hypouricemia (RHUC) is an inherited renal tubular disorder characterized by low serum uric acid levels and excessive urinary uric acid excretion due to impaired urate reabsorption in proximal tubules. Type 1 RHUC (RHUC1) is caused by pathogenic variants in URAT1/SL...

Therapeutic Balloon‐Assisted Enteroscopy: Recent Advances in the Management of Small Bowel Diseases

ABSTRACT Balloon‐assisted enteroscopy (BAE) has substantially advanced small bowel disease management. This review summarizes recent therapeutic BAE advances, focusing on three major indications: small bowel vascular lesions, hereditary polyposis syndromes, and Crohn's disease (C...

Impact of third-party accreditation and general medicine in-training examination participation on residency program popularity: a nationwide matching data analysis in Japan

Abstract Background Third-party accreditation and the visibility of educational outcomes may influence medical students’ choice of training sites; however, national evidence of their effect in Japan is limited. This study examined whether hospital characteristics—especially Japan...

Shall we score? The SHALL-WE score for optimizing sclerotherapy in superficial lymphatic malformations

No standardized tool guides the decision of when to escalate beyond sclerotherapy in lymphatic malformations (LMs). We developed the SHALL-WE score (Severity, Histology, And Location—Lymphatic malformation: When to Escalate) to define the optimal sclerotherapy threshold in superf...

Effects of residency matching policies on regional distribution of residents: a simulation study using a stable matching algorithm

Abstract Background Appropriate geographical allocation of medical residents is often proposed to alleviate the regional maldistribution of physicians in Japan; however, its effectiveness remains unclear. We assessed the impact of adjusting residency positions and evaluated the e...

Serum thioredoxin at allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation predicts acute graft‐versus‐host disease

Summary Thioredoxin (TXN) is a component of a major reductive system in various eukaryotes. Although oxidative stress is considered to contribute to the development of acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD), the clinical significance of TXN remains to be elucidated. The current s...

Inverted urothelial papilloma: Diagnostic challenges, molecular insights, and clinical implications.

mutations, challenging the long-held assumption that these cells are morphologically and genetically normal. Future studies should investigate whether similar genetic alterations in morphologically normal urothelium occur in other urothelial tumors. This could refine understandin...

Long‐term efficacy of adjunctive cenobamate: Open‐label extension of a randomized, placebo‐controlled study in a multinational Asian population

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to assess long-term efficacy, safety, and tolerability of adjunctive cenobamate in an open-label extension (OLE) of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-response study (NCT04557085; YKP3089C035 [Study C035]) in Asian patients w...

Dexmedetomidine attenuates methamphetamine-induced hyperthermia and hyperlocomotion in male rats and modulates monoamine dynamics in the anterior hypothalamus

Methamphetamine (METH) intoxication is associated with serious complications, including hyperthermia and agitation, which are major contributors to morbidity and mortality. Currently, no established pharmacological interventions are available for these conditions. To evaluate the...

Giant esophageal schwannoma mimicking a mediastinal tumor: a case report and review of the literature

Introduction: Esophageal schwannomas are rare, benign tumors arising from Schwann cells in the esophageal wall. Giant forms are particularly rare and can resemble mediastinal tumors, making preoperative diagnosis difficult. Case presentation: Herein, we present the case of a 55-y...

Impact of the modified Frailty Index-5 on treatment selection and prognosis in octogenarians with bladder cancer eligible for radical cystectomy: a single-center, retrospective study

<title>Abstract</title> Background Developing treatment strategies for bladder cancer in octogenarians remains challenging owing to concerns regarding surgical invasiveness and the risk of undertreatment. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the modified Frailty Index-5 score on tr...

Evaluation of lens parameters using anterior segment optical coherence tomography for zonular weakness risk in cataract surgery

<title>Abstract</title> Zonular weakness leads to deviation or dislocation of the crystalline lens; however, studies on this topic remain limited. We aimed to evaluate crystalline-lens parameters for risk stratification of zonular weakness in patients undergoing cataract surgery....

Effects of Dapagliflozin on the Bone of Patients with CKD on Dialysis

The effects of gliflozins on bones of CKD patients on dialysis are unknown. Recently, SGLT2 expression in bone tissue of patients with CKD has been reported. We hypothesized that dapagliflozin may act in bone cells and modulate the Klotho-FGF23 axis. This study analyzed the effec...

Post-obligation physician retention among Jichi Medical University graduates in Okinawa prefecture, Japan: a descriptive comparative study of the Kyushu region

Abstract Background Global strategies to address physician maldistribution include recruiting students with rural backgrounds, community-based training, bonded service, financial incentives, and personal and professional support. However, retention after obligatory service remain...

A novel method of manipulation and immobilization with the wrist dorsiflexed for distal radius fractures: short-term outcomes

Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are the most common fractures in adults. For displaced DRFs, casting after successful closed reduction remains a standard treatment. The optimal wrist position during casting has been discussed extensively, with dorsiflexion shown to help prevent re...

Artificial hibernation reveals synaptic engram architecture associated with memory retention

Memories leave lasting physical changes at the synaptic level. Although stable, larger spines are thought to support memory, the high turnover of dendritic spines and the drifting of neuronal representations after memory formation suggest alternative possibilities. To elucidate t...

Meta‐Analysis: Prevalence of Non‐ Helicobacter pylori , Non‐ NSAID Peptic Ulcer Disease

BACKGROUND: Non-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), non-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is increasingly recognized as a distinct subgroup, but its proportion across clinical presentations remains unclear. AIM: We aimed to estimate this proporti...

Urethral Metastasis of Therapy‐Induced Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer Successfully Managed With Chemoradiotherapy: A Case Report

ABSTRACT Introduction Urethral metastasis of prostate cancer is exceptionally rare, particularly in castration‐resistant disease. Therapy‐induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t‐NEPC) is an aggressive variant with limited treatment options. Case Presentation A 72‐year‐old man,...